ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1989.tb00582.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of a wellness program at the workplace in relation to its impact on exercise, weight, smoking, and stress of the employee participants. A quasi‐experimental design was selected in which data were collected at three specific intervals: before and immediately after program completion, and three months after program completion. The sample consisted of experimental and control groups. Persons (n = 59) who did participate in the wellness program made up the experimental group, and those(n = 49)who did not participate in the wellness program served as controls. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. No significant differences were noted between participants and nonparticipants in the areas of exercise, weight, smoking, and stress between the initial evaluation and after completing the wellness program. The areas of stress reduction and increased exercise were emphasized more in the participants than the nonparticipants, howeve

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1989.tb00583.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWomen's risks for osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease are increasing. Although it is known that these risks decline with physical activity, it is difficult to associate specific risk levels with specific activity levels. Measuring activity levels is complex and problematic, especially in women. The present study explored the validity of a particular measure, the retrospective survey questionnaire, used with a female population to gauge physical activity, both occupational and leisure. To measure construct validity, four retrospective measures were administered to a sample of 43 middle‐aged women representing three occupational groups (teachers, clerical workers, nurses) known to differ in activity levels. In addition, measurement approaches were triangulated by including a prospective measure, a beeper‐cued record kept by subjects. A significant difference was noted among the groups on retrospective and prospective occupational activity measures, with clerical workers having the lowest levels of energy expenditure. The retrospective occupational measure correlated positively and significantly with the beeper‐cued record kept during work; however, no correlation was found between the retrospective leisure measure and the beeper‐cued record. These data suggest that the retrospective measure is appropriate for measuring the occupational dimension of physical activity. Additional study is required to identify women's leisure pursuits and the dimension of their household act

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1989.tb00584.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTheoretical frameworks are necessary to clarify concepts of health promotion in diverse groups, as nursing interventions must be shaped to fit populations' cultural and health profiles. This study explored health‐promoting beliefs and practices of a group of Salvadoran refugees. Data were collected through the use of ethnographic methods, including focused and open‐ended interviews as well as participant observations. Four major constructs of health promotion were derived from the literature and used to operationalize the concept of health promotion as a basis for the interview questions; these constructs were nutrition and weight control, exercise and physical fitness, stress management, and social support and help. The 53 subjects described beliefs and practices about health promotion that were relevant in their daily lives. Theoretical constructs, inductively developed from the data, suggested that complex constellations of family, supportive friends, religious affiliations, and work opportunities enhanced well‐being. Personal health practices related to fresh air, sleep, and good nutritional practices were deemed important by the informants. Nurses who understand the community and can obtain access to resources and develop individual care strategies within the context of the family are likely to promote wellness and health functioning in this popul

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1989.tb00585.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract: This article describes the experiences of five community health nursing faculty who are jointly appointed between McMaster University School of Nursing and the Hamilton‐Wentworth Department of Public Health Services in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. The appointees are actively involved in service, education, and research activities within the teaching health unit, a specially funded project of the Ontario Ministry of Health. Various kinds of consultation and expertise are offered by joint appointees to staff and management within the Department of Public Health Services. The amount of time and effort invested in a particular activity or project varies as staff, students, and joint appointees each make their contributions. Several lessons are learned in acting out our diverse roles in this exciting and challenging service environmen

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1989.tb00586.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract: In an attempt to prevent premature institutionalization of disabled adults, some states have developed services funded under a Medicaid waiver to maintain these clients in their homes. Evaluation reports of these programs have emphasized cost analysis and have described various approaches to case management. No studies have reported on the quality of life of the clients receiving the services. In this exploratory study, the quality of life of 20 clients in a community long‐term care program was compared with that of 20 persons requiring comparable levels of care but residing in a nursing home. Mean scores on the quality of life measure were virtually equal for the two groups, but the distribution of scores by group was very different. Demographically the groups differed. Community residents were younger than nursing home residents and included a larger percentage of blacks. Part of one's judgment of quality of life may stem from a comparison of oneself with one's peers. Verbal, oriented nursing home residents may rate themselves more favorably in comparison to peers with dementia, while community residents compare themselves with healthy adults and rate their quality of life as lowe

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1989.tb00587.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn epidemiological approach to community assessment is useful for students and practicing nurses. Shamansky and Pesznecker's definition of community is applied to the community assessment process in order to provide an organized framework for data collection, data analysis, and community diagnosis. We applied the framework to an actual community in a case study format.

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1989.tb00588.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAfter the Crimean War, Florence Nightingale persisted in researching the health conditions of British troops throughout the Empire. Undaunted by geographic limitations, she surveyed and publicized data that documented the mismanagement of living conditions and health care among the occupational forces on the Indian continent. Nightingale proposed widespread changes in the reporting of military health status and biostatistics, in sanitary engineering, and in self‐care activities. With dogged persistence, she continued to gather follow‐up data to measure the changing health status of soldiers in a land she never

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1989.tb00589.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1989.tb00590.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY