摘要:

In the controversy surrounding community care the opinions of people with mental handicaps themselves have rarely been heard. In this study people living in a mental handicap hospital were interviewed in order to discover their views on living there. They reported a large number of deficiencies with hospital life. Every person interviewed wanted to leave the hospital and live in the community.

ISSN:0261-9997    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3156.1988.tb00482.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The centrality of good relationships in the care of people with mental handicaps is considered, together with the lack of guidance in the literature for carers, especially learner nurses. Support for the importance of relationships is found in current literature. A need for a new book on relationships with people with mental handicaps is proposed, and an outline of some of the topics which such a book might cover is given and discussed. Authors and publishers in the field of nurse training, and specifically in mental handicap, are asked to take up the challenge of researching a key introductory text.

ISSN:0261-9997    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3156.1988.tb00483.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The research findings described in this article are drawn from a large‐scale evaluative study of one of Britain's largest family based respite care schemes for families with a child who is handicapped (Robinson, 1986). It looks at the evidence which helps to answer the question: “Why don't all families eligible to use this respite service do so?”.The findings suggest that a number of social and demographic characteristics found to influence “uptake” of respite care services in America are equally relevant in Britain, but that a number of other variables are also important. These additional factors are associated with a lack of information about the services on offer, families' past experiences of family based services, and parents' attitudes towards their paren

ISSN:0261-9997    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3156.1988.tb00484.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article draws attention to a number of factors that threaten the quality of life for children, young people, and adults with mental handicaps. First, there is a risk that ideologists will assume too great an influence in shaping policy, provision, and practice. Second, without the introduction of better conceived and more extensive professional training for front‐line staff and administrators, current deficiencies in the delivery of mental handicap services are unlikely to be remedied. Third, the rush towards community care is likely to set back the very considerable advances that have been made in the field of rehabilitation over the last twenty year

ISSN:0261-9997    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3156.1988.tb00485.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study describes the systems used in planning and implementing a community‐based service for adults with severe or profound mental handicaps over a three year period. These systems were: a global method of individual programme planning; a formal structure for one‐to‐one teaching; and a more general form of opportunity planning for developing and practising skills. A content analysis of the type of goals set and the extent of their implementation and success is pres

ISSN:0261-9997    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3156.1988.tb00486.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In November, 1985 a pilot scheme using Individual Programme Planning was set up on a closed ward for 11 men with severe mental handicaps who had been placed there because of problem behaviours. The success of the project was subsequently evaluated by examining the number and types of objectives achieved. Staff involved completed a questionnaire to assess how they felt about the system. Results suggest that certain types of objectives are more readily achieved than others and that further thought needs to be given to making the multidisciplinary aspects of the system work. Staff are keen that the system should continue to be used.

ISSN:0261-9997    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3156.1988.tb00487.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Following the description of the Partners Project in the last issue ofMental Handicap, this article describes the devising and administration of a repertory grid which was completed by the parents of the 12 people with mental handicaps who participated in the Project and the 18 students who acted as Partners. A number of issues for the future are raised from analysis of the results and some conclusions are drawn.

ISSN:0261-9997    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3156.1988.tb00488.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Within recent years the terms “deinstitutionalisation” and “least restrictive environments” have assumed increased prominence in the lexicon of special education. It is regrettable that the assumption is made, on occasions, that the two conditions are necessarily the same. Whilst the principle of educating people with special needs in the least restrictive environment is defensible, a contention that such an environment will occuronlyoutside institutional settings is questionable. Understandably, therefore, there is diverse opinion, and much debate, about whether the needs of people with mental handicaps can be best met within the community or within an institution.The intention of this article is not to regenerate the integration/segregation debate; but to provide an insight into the philosophies and practices within a unique community which has evolved in accordance with the basic principles of the Israeli kibbutz. This community, Kfar Tikvah, attempts to meet the needs of adults with severe learning difficulties.In Israel, a country bereft of state legislative directives in the field of special education, service delivery modes often reflect the philosophies and initiatives of individuals. This article focuses upon one of those initiatives within the Kfar Tikvah community; which is less concerned with helping people with mental handicaps to become prototypes of their more “normal” peers than with aiding those people to make decisions about whattheywant to be and howtheywant to behave.Whilst the article makes reference to published accounts of the community's work by the Director of Kfar Tikvah, its content derives mainly from interviews with him and from individual and group discussions with commun

ISSN:0261-9997    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3156.1988.tb00489.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The recent trend towards the introduction of sex education in schools, day centres, and residential homes for people with mental handicaps has created the need for a change in attitude towards an issue that individuals hold deeply personal. This article describes how, in order to facilitate this transition, a multidisciplinary team set up a series of lectures, workshops, and discussion groups. It sets out the main aims of the team's work, which were: to get people to examine their own attitudes towards sexuality and mental handicap; to dispel and clarify existing myths; and to provide information about what sex education is all about.The article shows how the presentation of case histories, the use of role play and role reversal, and small group work not only enabled discussion to be opened up but helped to clarify issues, bring about a consensus of opinion, and offer an avenue of support to parents and professionals who had felt isolated in their attempts to deal with the growing independence of their children or clients.

ISSN:0261-9997    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3156.1988.tb00490.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effectiveness of differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviour (DRI) as a technique for reducing stereotyped behaviour was investigated in a study of two young men and two teenage boys with mental handicaps who showed high rates of stereotyped behaviour. A single‐subject ABA‐design was used to compare the effectiveness of DRI with that of the differential reinforcement of other behaviour (DRO). DRI reduced stereotyped behaviour to near zero levels for all the people studied, whereas DRO produced such a reduction in only one person, the one with the highest level of functioning. No generalisation across settings occurred. The implication of these findings is that DRI may prove to be a valuable reductive procedure, especially with people with severe or profound mental handic

ISSN:0261-9997    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3156.1988.tb00491.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY