摘要:

Instability in middle distillate fuels continues to be a problem. Instability is usually defined in terms of sediment formation and increases in peroxide species. There is a growing body of evidence that heteroatomic species, organo-sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen compounds are intimately involved in this deposition process. This is a two part review of the recent literature on middle distillate fuel instability as related to these heteroatomic species.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208905363

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Alkylation reactions were performed on Assam coal using long carbon chain alkenes and alcohols respectively (from C6to C16) in liquid paraffin. Ertractability of the coal was found to increase with increase in the carbon chain length of alkenes or alcohols, with increase in the concentration of alkylating agents, and with increase in the reaction time. Cetene and cetanol were found to give good extraction yields. More than 50% of the coal was rendered eztractable through these reactions. The use of A1C13as a catalyst in the reaction helped in the reactions using cetene or dodecanol in liquid paraffin. Up to 56% of the Assam coal was rendered extractable through alkylation reaction using dodecanol in liquid paraffin. Pretreatment of coal with anthracene oil was found to enhance the ertractability of coal through alkylation reaction uaing dodecene in liquid paraffin.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208905364

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Availability of good quality coals is declining. Firing of low grade coals with frequent variation of quality in thermal power stations is problematic and involves environmental pollution hazards. Low grade coals can be refined through solvent extraction. Solvent refined coal obtained through solvent extraction is a clean and high calorific value coal with a uniform quality. This has good flammability characteristics because of its high volatile matter contents and low ash contents. Batch extraction of low grade coal earn Dies obtained from two different thermal cower stations in new Delhi, in anthracene oil (a coal derived solvent) has been reported. Semi-continuous extraction of these coals by successive extraction techniques using anthracene oil (AO) followed by liquid paraffin (LP) solvents haB also been carried out and reported. Kinetic studies of the extraction of coal in AO has been performed. About 35% coal was rendered extractable through semicoatinuous extraction. The residual coals obtained after solvent refining were found to be free flawing and contained sufficient volatile matter for making these suitable for firing in fluidized bed combuators for integrated combined cycle power generation.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208905365

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The flotation of oxidized Amasra Coal which was collected between 1973–1978 and, stored in the atmospheric conditions was examined In this work. Coal samples were fractioned by wet screening to +0.560 mm, −0.500 + 0.140 mm, −0.140 mm particle sizes and first fraction was ground to −0.560 mm before flotation. Motorin and pine oil which had been heated at 125° C for 5 hours were used ns flotation reagents. The influence of impeller speed, aeration rate, solid concent of the pulp, reagent amounts were examined and optimum values were determined. Increase of the pine oil amount added to the pulp, increased the coal. recovery on the flotation of this oxidized coal.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208905366

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

De-ashing of Indian coal samples from Bhojudih, Mandaman and Kusumunda has been studied using High Gradient Magnetic Separation (HGMS(. Coating of the ash particles with magnetite or blue dust brings down the operating magnetic field considerably. The flow velocity has a significant effect on the removal as well as Heat Value Recovery (HVR).

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208905367

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purpose of the work was to study the effect of the addition of small quantities of phosphoric acid (or P2O5), on the physical and chemical behaviour of petroleum residues and bitumens.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208905368

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper presents an assessment of recent improvements in the technology for direct coal liquefaction on the estimated commercial economics. The basis for the design and cost estimates is a series of studies sponsored by Amoco Corporation and Electric Power Research Institute, which were derived from the highly detailed Breckinridge Project, completed in the early 1980s under DOE sponsorship. The technology, design, and cost estimates reflect the current two-stage liquefaction technology practiced at the Advanced Coal Liquefaction Research facility in Wilsonville, Alabama.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208905369

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The effect of addition of an inert liquid phase on the rate of heat generation in the catalytic synthesis of methanol from syngas has been studied. Gas compositions typical of product gases from Lurgi and Koppers-Totzek gasifiers, represented by H2-rich and CO-rich syngas respectively, were used to experimentally verify the “slope” and “dynamic” critria in a three-phase fixed bed recycle reactor. The liquid medium, witco-40 oil, has been effective in controlling the rate of heat generation and in preventing catalyst overheating, signifying that the liquid phase synthesis is thermally far more stable than the vapor phase synthesis. The experimental thermal stability study provides crucial and valuable information in commercializing the liquid phase methanol synthesis process. The current approach of thermal stability analysis does not require any a priori assumption or predetermined reaction kinetics.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208905370

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208905371

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208905372

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor