摘要:

In the LPDME process, methanol synthesis catalyst (composed of CuO, ZnO, and Al2O3) and the methanol dehydration catalyst (gamma-alumina) are slurried in the inert liquid phase. The catalysts constitute the solid phase. Syngas components (H2, CO, CO2, and CH4) and the products (CH3OH, H2O, and DME) constitute the vapor phase. At least three chemical reactions, viz., methanol synthesis, water-gas shift, and methanol dehydration also occur simultaneously in the liquid phase. The multicomponent phase equilibrium and the simultaneous chemical reaction equilibrium for this process system have been studied. The thermodynamic analysis has been presented in terms of the equilibrium conversions for H2and CO, syngas, and the concentration driving forces for H2 and CO. Methanol synthesis alone and co-production of methanol and DME are compared. The effects of water and CO2addition to the feed syngas on the equilibrium conversions are also investigated.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208915991

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Bitumens extracted from tar sands from various locations (Utah. California. Kentucky, and Alberta) were examined by size exclusion chromatography with on-line element-specific detection to study the Fe concentration as a function of size. In most cases, the resulting profiles exhibit unimodal distributions at relatively large molecular size with very similar times for maximum elution. Specifically, Sunnyside (Utah) and McKittrick (California) tar-sand bitumens exhibited very intense maxima consistent with extremely high bulk Fe contents. Arroyo Grande (California) exhibited an additional maximum at very large molecular size. This size behavior of the Fe appears to correlate with the large molecular size Ni and V components eluted under the same conditions.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208915992

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A procedure For the fractionation and the characterization of sulfur containing compounds in petroleum distillates is descrloea. The method is based on a enromatograonic separation using aiumina columns ceated with silver nitrate (Ligand Exchange enromatography) which permits the seperation of molecules containing aromatic sulfer itniocnenic compounds from the sulfiaes

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208915993

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A low-temperature, coal-extraction technique utilizing the solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone has been shown to enhance significantly the rate of gasification of the residual, unextracted portion of the coal as compared to that of the ray coal. Five coal/residue pairs were subjected to gasification in a carbon dioxide atmosphere at temperatures of 1200-1500'K and atmospheric pressure. In all cases, the activation energy (as described by an Arrhenius-type relationship) of the residue was found to be lower than that of the raw coal. In addition, over the temperature range studied, the residues exhibited rate constants as much as four times larger than those for the raw coals. A trend vas found to exist between the extent of extraction and the ratio of the activation energies of the residue and raw coal. It is postulated that this behavior is a manifestation of a complex combination of catalytic and surface area effects. The technique of solvent extraction followed by gasification of the residue may constitute an attractive option for the production of clean fuels from coal.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208915994

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Binary mixtures of acetone and water at their supercritical conditions have been investigated for their ability to remove organic sulfur from high sulfur Midwestern coals. The reduction of organic sulfur from Ohio 5/6 and Indiana 5 coals has been as high as 61% (based on a BTU basis) The experiments have been carried out following a statistical experimental design and the optimal process conditions and discerning characteristics of the process have been identified. The solvent composition and the extraction conditions can be tailored in such a way as to selectively remove sulfur and further increase the calorific value of the treated coal.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208915995

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Thc effects of experimental parameters on the liquefaction yields of Elbistan and Yatagan lignites vcre investigated by using different solvents, guses and catalysts.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208915996

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Coal particle devolatilization times were determined by analysis of the flue gas from an air-fluidized bed at 850 °C, when single coal particles were injected. The CO2concentration versus time profile was corrected for gas flow and dispersion in the sampling line and analyser, and the devolatilization time was measured as the time from particle injection to the time corresponding to the minimum CO2concentration separating volatiles and char combustion. No differences in devolatilization time were observed for the three Australian bituminous coals studied, and similar times were measured for both spherical and irregularly-shaped particles, provided the equivalent-mass definition of diameter was used.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208915997

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208915998

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208915999

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208916000

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor