摘要:

The influence of chemical composition of 42 Chinese lubricating base oils on their oxidation stability (ASTM-D2272), viscosity index and pour point depressant susceptibility (T801, 0.1%) with an interactive pattern recognition system was studied. Feasible feature set and satisfactory classification results were obtained.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208916036

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Friction and wear characteristics of coal slurries in transportation and atomization/firing systems are areas of concern in considering their use as substitutes for neat liquid fuels. The main wear phenomena encountered in slurry fuel usage are erosive and sliding wear of metal surfaces in contact with the coal slurry. Laboratory experiments have been devised and carried out to characterize and better understand these slurry wear mechanisms. The dependence of wear on the characteristics of the coal slurry and the properties of the wear surfaces have been studied. Coal slurries prepared from an Ohio coal desulfurized using a novel perchloroethylene extraction process have been studied. A Cameron-Flint reciprocating slider tribometer has been used to study sliding wear phenomena. Erosive wear has been investigated using an impingement type wear tester. The importance of impingement angle of coal slurry on platelet formation during erosion has been determined. Results of This angle corresponding to peak erosion is lover than for the softer 1020 steel, and can be attributed to the hardness of the steels.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208916037

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Fuel oil sediments from visbreaking Arab Light, Minas or Shengli vacuum resids have been compared. These sediment samples were separated into pentane solubles and pentane insolubles. Arab Light and Shengli resids are aromatic in nature and show similar trends in sediment formation and composition. For these results, small amounts of pentane insoluble sediments (<1 wt%) tend to be metal oxides, sulfides, precoke and coke, while larger amounts of pentane insoluble sediments are thermally cracked, lower H-content, polar asphaltic type materials. Waxy Minas resid, on the other hand, produces sediment that is composed of asphaltenes and waxes. Prevention of fuel oil sediment will be discussed.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208916038

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Coals from Midwestern States were extracted using two different processes, viz., a supercritical extraction process and a perchloroethylene coal refining process. The objectives of these processes are the selective removal of sulfur and nitrogen compounds from high-sulfur coals. The solvent extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry as well as wet chemical analysis. The extracted organosulfur compounds varied, depending upon the extraction process, extraction conditions, type of solvent, type of coal, and degree of weathering. The experimental results are compared among the types of coal as well as among the different processes, from viewpoints of chemical and molecular interaction.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208916039

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Hondo and Maya vacuum resids and their isolated asphaltenes were pyrolyzed at 400, 425, and 450°C (752, 797, 842°F) for batch holding limes ranging from 20 to 180 minutes. Maltene, asphaltene, and coke product fractions were isolated by a solvent extraction sequence; gas yield was determined gravimetrically. Results were summarized in terms of a lumped reaction network. The variation of product yields, kinetics, and apparent activation energies with feedstock and asphaltene environment provided insight into asphaltene structure and thermal reaction pathways.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208916040

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Assam coal has been extracted with octene-1, decene-1. dodecene-1, tetradecene-1 and cetene-1 respectively-at. their boiling points. More than 50% coal was extracted using cetene-1 as a solvent and the residual coal obtained was rendered further extractable in quinoline up to 39% extent. Thus, more than 707% coal was rendered extractable in cetene-1 followed by quinoline extraction. This was more than that observed through the successive extractions in anthracene as followed by quinoline extraction (60%). These studies showed alkenes to be very promising for the extraction of coal for industrial operations, as these are coal and petroleum derived solvents.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208916041

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A novel reaction such as ATD3reaction which has been recently found to be an attractive reaction for rendering more 50% coal extractable, has been tested on different bituminous coals and a lignite. The reaction has been found to be generally applicable on coals and lignite to render about 50% coal extractable. The reaction proceeds under industrially convenient conditions and involves the use of only coal or petroleum derived solvents. Reaction of % carbon, % volatile matter and atomic O/C ratio of coals with the extractability of coal through ATD3reaction has been drawn.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208916042

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A Brazilian high ash coal tar oil has been distilled into six distinct cuts (A to F) which are further fractionated by column liquid chromatography into eight discrete chemical classes (PLC1 to PLC 8). A proper sequence of eluents allows the separation of 5 classes containing hydrocarbons (saturated, olefinic, monoaromatic, diaromatic and polyaromatic), one of intermediate polarity (resins) and two polar fractions (asphaltenes and asphaltols). More than 50% of the oil is verified to distill above 300°C. Infra-red and nuclear magnetic res-sonance spectroscopy confirms the sucess of the group-type fractionation. Very small amounts of hydrocarbons were found, the resins being the major fraction in all cuts studied.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208916043

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Herrin No. 6 coal and the filter cake cleaned product from Pittsburgh No. 8 coal were co-processed with a liquid produced from the mild gasification of Wyodak coal. The co-processing studies were conducted in tubing bomb reactors and in a batch autoclave under hydrogen pressure. The reactants were thermally pretreated under helium to induce coal swelling and promote catalyst dispersion. Ferrocene and iron pentacarbonyl were used as catalyst precursors for these studies and were sulfided in situ to generate the active forms of the iron catalyst. Iron pentacarbonyl was found to form the better catalyst for conversion of these coals. Conversion of the filter cake product was found to be enhanced by pretreatment with the mild gasification liquid, because this treatment caused the coal to swell and promoted uniform dispersion of the catalyst. Higher coal conversion was observed from co-processing Herrin No. 6 coal compared to the filter cake product. This indicates the Herrin No. 6 coal would be the preferred coal to use in a commercial process. There was improvement in the quality of the oil product from co-processing Herrin No. 6 coal compared to the mild-gasification liquid.

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208916044

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0884-3759    

DOI:10.1080/08843759208916045

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor