摘要:

SummaryCutaneous reactions to mosquito bites are usually pruritic weals and delayed papules. Arthus‐type local and systemic symptoms can also occur but anaphylactic reactions are very rare. Both clinical and experimental evidence suggest that the various bite reactions result from sensitization to the mosquito saliva injected into the skin during feeding. Recent immunoblot studies have shown both IgG‐ and IgE‐class anti‐mosquito antibodies, but their species‐specificity and clinical importance is at present unknown. In addition to an Arthus‐type mechanism, both cutaneous late‐phase reactivity and cell‐mediated immunity may be involved in the pathophysiology of delayed mosquito‐bite lesions. Cutaneous sensitization to mosquito bites can be divided into five different stages ranging from the stages of immediate wealing and delayed bite papules, to the stage of non‐reactivity. No desensitization treatment is generally available for mosquito allergy but it has recently been shown that cetirizine, a potent non‐sedating antihistamine, is effective against the wealing and pruritus cau

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02472.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02466.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb03165.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryHistamine is known to be a classical inducer of pruritus. In atopic eczema, itch is a prominent feature (regarded by some even as a‘primary lesion’!). One of the most potent chemical mediators of itch is histamine. Histamine, together with other mediators may play a role in the pathophysiology of atopic eczema: the increased release of histamine from basophil leucocytes of atopic patients has been described, as well as elevated histamine levels in plasma and skin during acute exacerbations of eczematous lesions. Therefore, application of H1 antagonists seems to be a rational regime in the symptomatic treatment of atopic eczema. Nevertheless, some controversy exists regarding the clinical efficacy of orally applied H1 antagonists in this disease, especially with regard to the newer non‐sedating compounds such as terfenadine, astemizole, loratadine and cetirizine. Review of the literature shows that there are studies demonstrating a clear‐cut antipruritic effect of non‐sedating H1 antagonists. Thus the sedative action does not seem necessarily to be connected with therapeutic efficacy in treating itch in atopic eczema. Newer studies show that cetirizine exerts an additional inhibitory effect on eosinophils. This may broaden the therapeutic spectrum of this H1 antagonist in diseases with eosinophil in

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02473.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02467.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb03166.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02474.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb03167.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb03168.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb03169.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY