ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00961.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00962.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00963.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00964.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00965.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00966.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.There is now much evidence of sensitization to storage mites in urban populations as well as in the well‐documented rural populations. Sensitization is therefore not restricted only to those with occupational exposure.There appears to be a limited allergenic crossreactivity between storage mites and house dust mites, although both species also possess their own unique allergens.More research on identification and characterization of storage mite allergens and their crossreactivity is needed to understand their complexity. Such studies are necessary to obtain high quality extracts for diagnosis and possible immunotherapy.Development of immunoassays employing MoAbs will allow measurement of storage mite concentrations in workplaces and houses and the study of exposure‐response relationsh

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00967.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.A follow‐up study was carried out to determine whether either impaired or disproportionate fetal growth are associated with a raised total serum IgE concentration in men and women aged 50 years. The serum IgE concentration was measured in 146 men and 134 women born in Preston (Lancashire, UK) between 1935 and 1943, whose size at birth had been measured in detail.Sixty‐two subjects were found to have an IgE concentration above 80 IU/ml. Compared with subjects with a normal IgE on average they had a 0.30 inch larger head circumference at birth (P‐0.004) and weighed 5.6 ounces more at birth (P= 0.04). People with a raised and with a normal IgE were of similar crown‐heel length at birth, indicating thatin uterothose with a raised IgE had had disproportionate growth of the head in relation to the trunk and limbs. The prevalence of a raised IgE rose from 14% in subjects whose head circumference at birth was 13 inches or less to 37% in those whose head circumference was more than 14 inches. This association was independent of gestational age at birth and of the mother's pelvic size and parity. It was also independent of adult physique, social class and smoking, and was similar in men and women. In multiple logistic regression analyses odds ratios of a raised IgE rose progressively to more than 4 as head circumference at birth increased from 13 inches or less to more than 14 inches.One possibility is that these associations reflect the long‐term effects of sustaining fetal brain growth at the expense of the trunk, in particular the thymus. This may be a consequence of fetal under‐nutrition in lat

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00968.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Fibroblasts have been implicated as culture‐competent cells for the mast cell lineage in several species. In man, fibroblast monolayers sustain the ultrastructural phenotype and function of isolated human lung mast cells and permit the differentiation and full maturation of human mast cells from their agranular precursors in cord blood cells. We examined whether development and maturation of the mast cell lineage in man can be achieved by a supply of the soluble products present in fibroblast culture supernatants. Suspension cultures of cord blood cells were supplemented with culture supernatants derived from two different murine fibroblast lines; controls were not supplemented. The cultures were sampled for light and electron microscopy at 6, 7 and 8 weeks. Human mast cells developed in quantity when cultures were supplemented with the supernatants from BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts, in reduced numbers when supplemented with Swiss Albino 3T3 fibroblast supernatants, and not at all in culture media alone. By ultrastructural criteria, the newly developed mast cells did not achieve full maturity; they did continue to synthesize new granules and to undergo intragranular maturational events. Small numbers of mature basophils persisted in suspension cultures, and many were undergoing piecemeal degranulation. Other cell lineages noted included eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages and endothelial cells. We conclude that a factor(s) of fibroblast origin permits the differentiation and partial maturation of human mast cells from their agranular precursors in cord blood, but that fibroblasts must be physically present for complete maturation of these lineages to occu

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00969.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Three recent case‐control studies from New Zealand, and one from Saskatchewan, Canada, have found that fenoterol increases the risk of death in patients with severe asthma. It has been suggested that these findings may be due to confounding by severity, if fenoterol was selectively prescribed to more severe asthmatics. This ‘confounding by severity’ hypothesis has now been investigated in further analyses of data from the New Zealand case‐control studies. This analysis found that among patients whose asthma was severe enough to require hospital admission (the population in whom the case‐control studies were conducted), fenoterol was not preferentially prescribed to the more severe asthmatics. There was greater co‐prescribing of other drugs with fenoterol (compared with salbutamol) during the later years of the epidemic, but these differences did not explain the excess risk associated with fenoterol, and there was little evidence of greater co‐prescribing during the earlier years of the New Zealand epidemic of asthma deaths. There was no association between the prescription of fenoterol and markers of acute asthma severity or psychosocial problems. Patients were not selectively changed to fenoterol as a result of a severe attack resulting in a hospital admission. Most importantly, in the case‐control studies of asthma deaths, the inhaled fenoterol relative risk increased when the analysis was restricted to sub‐groups defined by markers of chronic asthma severity; whereas the relative risk would have decreased towards 1.0 in these sub‐group analyses if the overall elevated risk for fenoterol was due to confounding by severity. We conclude that in patients whose asthma is severe enough to require hospital admission, there is little evidence that fenoterol was selectively prescribed to the more severe patients and that the findings in the most severe sub‐groups effectively exclude the ‘confounding by severity’ hypothesis as an explanation for the rec

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00970.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY