ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00925.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00926.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00927.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00928.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00929.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferative responses and interferon‐γ product ion to anti‐CD3, cat fur extract, betalactoglobulin and ovalbumin were determined al birth in a group of 34 babies born to families where at least one parent was; atopic. The development of atopic eczema with positive allergy skin‐prick tests to cows’ milk and egg at 1 year of age, where the symptoms improved on an egg and milk‐free diet, was significantly associated with raised proliferative responses and defective IFN‐γ production to stimulation with betalactoglobulin with a trend for similar responses to ovalbumin. This was not observed in those who did not develop atopic eczema or those with atopic eczema not associated with foods. Responses to cat fur extract were not significantly different between those with and without atopic eczema. This has important implications for the prediction at birth, not only of the probability of being allergic, but also of the specific allergens which will cause problems. The implementation of specific targeted allergen avoidance during the critical period in infancy, therefore, should be more easily applied and should facilitate attempts to pr

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00930.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In order to test for human histocompatibility leucocyte antigens (HLA) class II restriction of IgE responses, 431 subjects from 83 families were genotyped at the HLA‐DR and HLA‐DP loci and serotyped for IgE responses to six major allergens from common aero‐allergen sources. A possible excess of HLA‐DR 1 was found in subjects who were responsive toFeldI compared with those who were not (Odds Ratio (OR) = 2,P =0.002), and a possible excess of HLA‐DR4 was found in subjects responsive toAlt aI (OR = 1–9,P =0.006). Increased sharing of HLA‐DR/DP haplotypes was seen in sibling pairs responding to both allergens.Der pI,Der pII,Phi pV andCan fI were not associated with any definite excess of HLA‐DR alleles. No significant correlations were seen with HLA‐DP genotype and reactivity to any of the allergens. The results suggest class II HLA restriction is insufficient to account for individual differences in reactivity to

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00931.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is a component of some epoxy resin systems, A high fraction of HHPA‐exposed workers display nasal symptoms, and some of them have specific serum antibodies. To test the pathogenetic relevance of the antibodies, nasal challenge tests were performed with a conjugate of HHPA and human serum albumin (HSA) at three increasing concentrations. Eleven subjects, who were IgE‐sensitized against HHPA (positive in RAST and in skin‐prick test against the HHPA‐HSA conjugate), and who reported work‐related nasal symptoms, had a significant increase of nasal symptoms and a decrease of nasal inspiratory peak flow after the challenges. The symptoms were associated with specific serum IgE, but with IgG. Further, significant increases were found in eosinophil and neutrophil counts, and in levels of tryptase, and albumin, whereas no clear rise was recorded for eosinophil cationic protein in nasal lavage fluid. Nine subjects, who were not sensitized, but who complained of work‐related nasal symptoms, and 11 subjects, who were not sensitized and had no symptoms, displayed no significant change in any of these parameters. It is concluded that the symptoms in some of the workers were caused by an IgE‐mediated mast cell degranulation. followed by an inflammatory reaction, engaging eosinophil and neu

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00932.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We have developed a competitive inhibition immunoassay to measure airborne flour, using purified polyclonal rabbit IgG antibodies to cereal flour antigens. Sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) showed different flours contained proteins of molecular weight similar to those present in air sample eluates. Western blotting demonstrated that the purified rabbit IgG antibodies bound to proteins whose molecular weights are similar to human allergens. Air sample eluates obtained from a large bakery had slopes of inhibition parallel to cereal flour when compared in the immune‐inhibition assay. The assay identified airborne proteins from several flours with a detection limit of I μg ml‐1. Using this immunoassay we have shown that a wide range of airborne flour concentrations occur in flour mills and a smaller range bakeries. This assay which allows measurement of the concentration of Hour aeroallergen in the workplace will be valuable both in epidemiological studies and in examining the effectiveness of interventions to reduce the concentration of flour in

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00933.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Evidence suggests that atopic individuals may be predisposed to more severe rhinoviral colds coupled to a worsening of existing airway disease than those with asthma. The role of atopy and IgE levels, as well as their relationship to clinical disease expression have not been defined. We hypothesized that an allergic diathesis modulates rhinoviral colds and have initiated studies of normal, atopic and asthmatic subjects employing experimental rhinoviral infection, with measurements of symptom scores, viral shedding and cultures, albumin in nasal washes and serological responses. Twenty‐two subjects (11 normal, 5 atopic, 6 atopic and asthmatic) participated and were inoculated with human rhinovirus serotype 16 (HRV 16). Measurements of neutralizing antibody and viral culture were performed at screening, pre‐inoculation, during the cold and at 8–10 weeks convalescence. Daily symptoms were noted, nasal washes done, IgE measured and atopy was diagnosed by skin tests. Seventeen volunteers developed clinical colds as assessed by symptom scores, virus shedding was demonstrated (with positive culture) in all subjects and a fourfold or higher seroconversion occurred in 11/22. Neutralizing HRV antibody developed unexpectedly in 10 subjects between screening and inoculation and the presence or absence of this pre‐inoculation antibody determined subsequent severity of colds in normal but not in atopic subjects. Atopic antibody positive individuals developed severe clinical colds that were independent of preinoculation antibody in contrast to normal subjects who developed mild colds in the presence of a neutralizing antibody (.P= 0.01). Both atopic and normal antibody negative subjects developed severe colds. This differential response was matched by nasal wash albumin levels which were significantly increased (P= 0–01) during the cold in atopic (but not in normal) volunteers with pre‐inoculation antibody. Levels of IgE were not correlated with severity of clinical disease or viral shedding. Our studies of HRV disease in atopic subjects suggest heightened susceptibility to the detrimental effects of colds; additional studies are needed to clarify the relevant

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00934.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY