ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00764.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00765.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySeventy‐four patients with a well documented history of seasonal allergic rhinitis were randomly allocated to receive either astemizole 10 mg orally per day or beclomethasone 100 μg in each nostril twice daily on a double‐blind double‐dummy basis. The patients were studied in a general practice setting and were seen at entry, during the study and at the end of the study by a single observer, the author. Assessment was by diary card incorporating five 10 cm visual analogue scales related to the four symptoms of sneezing, rhinorrhoea, blocked nose and itchy eyes and an overall assessment of hay fever symptoms. Patients were asked if the medication had upset them in any way at each observer assessment. Symptom severity, as recorded by the visual analogue scales, was not significantly different for sneezing, rhinorrhoea, blocked nose or overall between the two groups but the symptom scores for itchy eyes were significantly better for the astemizole group. Adverse effects were minimal and of a minor nature only. There was no real difference between the two groups regarding adverse effects. The study suggests that oral astemizole is at least as good as nasal beclomethasone in the maintenance treatment of hay fever and that it offers the additional advantage of improved control of eye sy

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00766.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAn open cross‐over trial comparing astemizole with intra‐nasal aqueous beclomethasone dipropionate was carried out in forty‐five perennial rhinitis patients attending a S.W. London general practice. Each drug was given for 12 weeks, separated by 4–8 weeks without medication. The principal outcome measure was a 7‐day symptom diary completed by patients during weeks 4, 8 and 12. Patients were skin tested to seven common inhalant allergens. Half the patients beginning either regime failed to respond adequately within 2 weeks. Doubling the dose in these patients achieved satisfactory symptom control in an additional 67% on beclomethasone dipropionate and 45% on astemizole. Symptom diary scores showed beclomethasone dipropionate to be significantly more effective than astemizole in the treatment of skin test negative patients; but the two drugs were of equal benefit in the treatment of skin test positive patients. Sneezing and rhinorrhoea were the same on both drugs, but nasal blockage tended to be less severe on beclomethasone dipropionate. There was no significant difference between drugs in the frequency or duration of side effects. Beclomethasone dipropionate and astemizole are equally effective in the symptomatic treatment of atopic perennial rhinitis, but beclomethasone dipropionate may offer superior symptom relief in non‐atopic perenni

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00767.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe suitability and reproducibility of the inhibition mode of the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) as a method for the assay of allergen extracts was examined in a collaborative study involving seven laboratories. Participants assayed five coded extracts of cocksfoot grass (Dactylis glomerata) pollen, including three batches from one manufacturer, both by a common method and by their local methods of RAST inhibition. For the versions of RAST inhibition employed in this study the estimates of relative potencies of the extracts were in agreement. Further, when laboratories used their local methods, the inter‐laboratory variation in potency estimates was similar to that found when laboratories used the common method. It was concluded that RAST inhibition has a useful role in the assessment of the potencies of allergen extracts, and of the consistency of serial batches of extracts from individual manufacturer

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00768.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe pattern of histamine release from peripheral white blood cells in response to hyper‐(sodium chloride, mannitol) and hypo‐osmolar (water) stimuli was studied in order to determine the differences between non‐atopic control and atopic asthmatic patients in histamine release caused by osmolar changes. All subjects showed histamine release to both hyper‐ and hypo‐osmolar stimuli and this response was reproducible. Viability studies and the effect of time and temperature indicated that, at the extremes of hypo‐ and hyper‐osmolality, histamine release was associated with cell cytotoxicity. Asthmatics and controls showed no differences either in their level of spontaneous or hyper‐osmolar sodium chloride induced histamine release, but asthmatics' cells were more responsive to mannitol over 600–800 mOsm/kg and less responsive to a hypo‐osmolar stimulus under 80 mOsm/kg. This suggests that asthmatics' cells may differ from controls in the manner in which they respond to osmotic stimuli and this may be relevant in certain

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00769.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTo enable shorter and more convenient testing, the Phadezym RAST® and Phadezym IgE PRIST® procedures for the determination of specific and total IgE were modified in three ways: (i) allergen‐coupled paper discs were tested in microtitre wells; (ii) the incubation times were reduced to 1 hr with serum and 2 hr with the anti‐IgE by shaking the plates at room temperature; and (iii) the fluorogenic substrate used reduced the development time to 15 min. Determination of IgE antibody specific for fifteen inhalation allergens by the modified fluorescence test (FEIA) and by the conventional Phadezym RAST® (EIA) was performed on the serum of thirty‐two patients suffering from asthma/rhinitis: correlation studies for these sera showed that 96.1% of the results fell in the same class. In these patients, both FEIA and EIA detected the same proportion of skin‐prick tests (SPT) positive results (67%). With the FEIA, 4/165 (2.4%) class 1 results were found in eleven non‐atopic subjects (symptom free, fifteen negative SPT, total IgE lower than 80 kU/1), compared to 1/165 (0.6%) with the EIA. In twenty cord sera, both FEIA and EIA found 4/300 (1.3%) class 1 results. For the determination of total serum IgE, the microtitre FEIA showed a detection limit of 0.5 kU/1 and an excellent correlation with Phadezym IgE PRIST® (n= 66 serum,r= 0.99). These data indicate that the adaptation of Phadezym RAST® and Phadezym IgE PRIST® to microtitre plates and fluorescence technology has resulted in a time‐saving and easy to perform within‐day assay which provided results as reproducible, sensitive and specific as those of the con

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00770.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryEleven patients with asthma and ten sex and age matched healthy controls were immunized with the primary immunogen Helix pomatia Haemocyanin (HPH). The amplitude and the kinetics ofin vitrocell‐mediated immune response were measured by HPH‐induced lymphocyte proliferation. Lymphocytes were also challengedin vitrowith mitogens and recall antigens.In vivocell‐mediated immunity was determined by inducing delayed type hypersensitivity reactions with HPH. Anti‐HPH antibody responses in the IgE, IgG and IgM classes were measured to gain an insight into the relation between cell‐mediated and humoral immune responses in patients with asthma and healthy controls. Thein vitroandin vivocell‐mediated response and the IgM antibody response did not differ between patients with asthma and controls. The IgE and IgG antibody responses, however, were increased in the patients. IgM antibody response correlated with both thein vitroandin vivocell‐mediated response (R= 0.45,P<0.05). IgE and IgG antibody responses however were not correlated with cell‐mediated responses. These data suggest that the primary abnormality in immune regulation in patients with asthma concerns the control of the IgE and IgG class ant

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00771.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryNinety‐two children, sixty‐two boys and thirty girls, aged 18 months to 6 years with frequent asthma were studied. Nine were born prematurely and two were ventilated in the neonatal period; two had been admitted to hospital with acute bronchiolitis. Most had an early onset of symptoms, forty‐two developing asthma in infancy. Although overall growth was normal, 63% had some chest deformity. Half had past or present eczema and just over half had chronic rhinitis. Upper respiratory infection appeared to be an important precipitant of attacks in all, and 88% had exercise‐induced asthma. The majority were atopic, 74% had elevated serum IgE levels, skin‐prick tests were positive in 61 of 77 tested and half had eosinophilia. However, allergic factors were clearly identified as causing asthma attacks in only 24%. Immunoglobulin deficiencies were found in thirteen and defective yeast opsonization in eighteen; these children showed no other obvious differences from the remainder. Eighty‐two children were followed up and after 1 year fifty‐one were receiving inhaled steroids. Measurement of serum immunoglobulin, eosinophil count and skin‐prick testing had little influenc

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00772.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn order to investigate once more the usefulness of the RAST procedure in the diagnosis of reaginic hypersensitivity, we studied a series of patients showing a well known sensitivity to castor bean, which is a potent antigen, and compared the results with those given by patients with no clinical allergy to this antigen as confirmed by negative skin testing. The latter group included patients with no contact, a remote contact or a close contact with castor bean. Castor bean allergy seems to be a good model in the testing of human reaginic hypersensitivity. We observed in the castor bean positive group of forty‐one patients a 95% correlation between RAST positivity and skin test positivity with only two negative RAST scores, and in the castor bean negative group of ninety‐four patients, a 97% correlation, with three RAST positive scores. For its specificity and its good sensibility (although lesser than skin testing), RAST can thus be recommended as a diagnostic tool as a complement to skin testing. Moreover, for potent allergens, RAST offers a risk‐free diagnostic altern

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00773.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY