ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00752.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00753.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwenty‐four patients with asthma of suspected allergic origin were subjected to a total of twenty‐five bronchial provocations with the relevant allergen. Eighteen of them reacted with bronchial obstruction: eleven with an isolated early reaction, five with a dual reaction and two with only a late reaction. Extensive lung function tests were performed. The patterns of early and late reactions were qualitatively very similar regarding variables of pulmonary physiological function, but there were quantitative differences. Patients with dual reactions showed significantly greater changes in FEV1, RV and TGV during the early response than those with isolated early reactions. Maximum mid‐expiratory flow rates with the patients breathing air and a mixture of He and O2were measured before and 6 hr after the challenges. Four of five patients with both an immediate and a late response showed a decrease in the response to helium during the latter phase, suggesting increasing involvement of the small airways. An increase in the slope of the alveolar plateau (phase III) was observed in four of the five patients with dual responses and all five had increased CC%. It was concluded that the changes in pulmonary function occurring during the dual responses were widespread, involving the airways generally and resembling those in the clinically more severe asthma. Usually, individuals with dual reactions showed stronger reactions. In two cases, however, a late reaction was obtained without any preceding early rea

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00754.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwenty‐nine children with an average age of 10.5 years were studied with respect to the protective effect of ketotifen on pollen‐induced bronchial asthma. All of them were sensitive to deciduous tree pollen, the diagnosis being verified by bronchial challenge. The children were stratified in matched pairs and randomly allocated to two treatment groups, placebo or ketotifen 1 mg twice daily. The study was double‐blind and was performed during the whole of the deciduous tree pollen season. Daily pollen counts were made, allergic symptoms were noted, additional medication was given and the expiratory pulmonary flow was recorded. During the birch pollen peak the ketotifen group showed significantly fewer, and less severe asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis than the placebo group. The anti‐asthmatic medication was also used significantly less than in the placebo group. Ketotifen appeared to have good protective properties in the treatment of pollen‐induced asthma and rhinoconju

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00755.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn this double‐blind placebo controlled crossover study the protective effect of nedocromil sodium against bronchial allergen challenge was evaluated in ten asthmatic patients. Single doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg nedocromil sodium, administered as a pressurized aerosol 3 hr prior to challenge, were each significantly more effective than placebo in inhibiting allergen‐induced bronchoconstriction. The 1.0 and 2.0 mg doses of the active drug were significantly more effective than the 0.5 mg dose. No significant difference was demonstrated between the 1.0 and 2.0 mg doses. Duration of protection beyond 3 hr was not tested. The results suggest that nedocromil sodium may be a potentially useful therapeutic agent and is worthy of further evaluation for the treatment of reversible obstructive airways dise

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00756.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThirty‐nine children with rhinoconjunctivitis due to birch pollinosis were given immunotherapy for 3 years with a potent, purified pollen preparation made from either birch alone or from a mixture of birch, alder and hazel. The therapy was evaluated with self‐evaluation after each season, daily symptom score during the season, conjunctival provocation test and skin‐prick test. All children but one considered that their condition had been improved by the treatment. Symptom scores decreased slightly more in the group treated with the mixture than in the group treated with birch only due to symptoms decreasing faster in the mixture treated group after each pollen peak (P<0.001). The sensitivity of the conjunctiva and the skin decreased significantly in both groups but without any significant differences between the groups. After 3 years the conjunctival sensitivity correlated strongly to eye symptoms during the season. Immunotherapy with a mixture of birch, alder and hazel appears to be at least as effective as a preparation made from birch only when treating birch pollinosis even in a region where birch is totally dominating among the pollens from deciduous

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00757.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFour patients with occupational asthma were studied. All patients were exposed to African maple dust and two of them were also exposed to Ramin dust. Skin tests and bronchial provocation tests with African maple extracts revealed an immediate response in all patients, and the same tests performed with Ramin extracts again revealed an immediate reaction in either exposed or non‐exposed patients to Ramin wood dust. Specific IgE antibodies against African maple extracts were demonstrated in all patients as measured by a reverse enzyme immunoassay. Cross reactivity between both woods was demonstrated by a reverse enzyme immunoassay inhibition study. Unexposed persons and exposed asymptomatic workers did not exhibit reactivity to both woods in any of the tests listed above. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first article in which occupational asthma due to Ramin is defined, and cross sensitivity between two different woods is demonstrate

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00758.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA case of an anaphylactic shock following topical application of chlorhexidine preparation is reported. Specific skin‐sensitizing antibodies against chlorhexidine were demonstrated in the serum from the patient by a passive transfer test. IgE antibodies against chlorhexidine were also detected by radioallergosorbent technique (RAST). Paper discs conjugated with chlorhexidine‐HSA (human serum albumin) significantly bound the IgE antibodies. Furthermore, all of the sera from seven other patients with shock reactions following the topical application of chlorhexidine preparation also showed high RAST counts. Both chlorhexidine gluconate and chlorguanide which represents approximately half a molecule of chlorhexidine inhibited the reaction in a dose‐dependent fashion. It is suggested that the shock reactions following topical application of chlorhexidine are mediated by IgE antibodies against chlorhexidine and that chlorhexidine and chlorguanide share the same antigenic determ

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00759.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWe have studied various functional and morphological characteristics of mast cells obtained in bronchoalveolar lavage from fifty‐two patients with several lung diseases. The percentage of mast cells ranged from 0.04 to 0.6% (bronchial carcinoma). 0.05–0.3% (sarcoidosis), 0.06–0.25% (asthma), 0.04–1.8% (miscellaneous) and 0.02–0.04% (normals). There were no significant differences in the mast cell counts between the disease groups. Lung mast cells exhibited heterogeneity of size, shape and intensity of staining. Cells from thirty‐seven subjects were further studied for total histamine content and histamine release using various secretagogues. There was a significant correlation (P<0.001) between the histamine content of the total lavage cell population and mast cell counts. The calculated mean histamine content per mast cell was 6.35 pg. Histamine was released in a dose‐dependent fashion after stimulation with anti‐IgE, calcium ionophore and phorbol myristate acetate with a time course of histamine release characteristic of the mast cell. Unlike peripheral blood basophils, no release was observed following incubation with f‐met‐leu‐phe (10−6‐10−8m) and neither cell type released histamine following incubation with 48/80 (10 μg/ml). Inhibition of anti‐IgE‐induced histamine release was obtained following pre‐incubation with salbutamol (10−4‐10−6m). These studies indicate that bronchoalveolar lavage is a suitable mode

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00760.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this articles:The Urticarias, By R. H. Champion, M. W. Greaves, A. Kobza Black and R. J. Pye.A Guide for the Allergy Cook, By Martha Powers Lepinski. Charles C. ThomasImmune Intervention, Vol 1 New Trends in Vaccines. Ed. by Ian M. Roitt.Paraproteins in Disease. Investigation of Plasma Cell Dyscrasia. By W. Pruzanski and E.C. Keystone.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1986.tb00761.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY