ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1980.tb02118.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe prevalence of work‐related asthma, rhinitis and urticaria was measured in a scientific establishment working with locusts. Twenty‐six percent of those handling the locust in the research centre had work‐related wheeze or breathlessness, and one‐third had work‐related rhinitis and urticaria. Work‐related symptoms were uncommon in scientists exposed to locusts in the field, and in other employees at the centre. Antigens were prepared from the locusts,Schistocerca gregariaandLocusta migratoria, as well as the moth,Chilo partellus, which was also bred at the centre. Skin prick testing with the locust antigens showed positive reactions in 55% of the atopic workers at the centre, but were also present in 43% of unexposed atopic workers. In this latter group there was a correlation between positive reaction to locust and dermatophagoides antigens. Atopic workers handling the locusts developed occupational asthma more often and more quickly than similarly exposed non‐atopic workers. IgG and IgE antibodies to the locust antigens were found to correlate significantly with both the degree of exposure and the presen

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1980.tb02119.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA group of forty‐two steroid‐dependent perennial asthmatics was studied over a 13‐week period including the 8 weeks of a double‐blind controlled trial of oral sodium cromoglycate. Given at a dose of 200 mg four times per day the drug provided no significant benefit to the patients when compared with results for those on placebo. Blood from eleven patients consistently failed to release more than 25% of the total cellular histamine when challenged with a range of concentrations of antibody to IgE. All six of the cryptogenic (intrinsic) asthmatics in the trial fell within this group, together with 2/12 asthmatics with negative skin tests but suggestive clinical histories implicating common allergens, and 3/24 extrinsic asthmatics with positive skin prick tests. There was no correlation between drug usage and histamine release in response to challenge with antibody

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1980.tb02120.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA radioimmunoassay inhibition test (CARIAT) has been developed to measure human anti‐tartrazine IgD and IgE antibodies. Graphical analysis of the data obtained has shown that patients with clinically identified tartrazine hypersensitivity can be distinguished from controls by singular characteristics of their IgD but not their IgE antibody patterns. Clinical diagnoses of tartrazine hypersensitivity correlate with relative levels of serum IgD antibody specific for a soluble conjugate of tartrazine with rabbit serum albumin (TZ‐RSA). These tartrazine sensitive patients, however, have lower levels of ‘nonspecific’ IgD than controls, i.e., IgD that reacts with cellulose discs conjugated to phenylsulphonic acid antigenic determinants but does not react with TZ‐RSA. Although it is significant that the observations demonstrate an association of raised specific IgD levels in patients relative to controls, the possible presence in controls of IgD antibodies against other tartrazine antigenic determinants which may play a role in ameliorating or preventing allergic responses should be considered.Anti‐tartrazine IgD or IgE antibody was determined by assay of the IgD or IgE binding to paper discs coupled to a tartrazine antigen analog (AP‐discs). Each result was compared with the amount of antibody binding if the patient's or control serum was preincubated with a free soluble tartrazine‐protein conjugated antigen, before being tested on the discs coupled with antigen (AP‐discs). Reduction of the amount of IgD or IgE binding to the disc‐coupled antigen, when the sera were preincubated with free soluble antigen, indicated specificity of the antibodies for tartrazine antigenic determinants.The specificity of the serum anti‐tartrazine antibodies assayed appears to be the phenylsulphonic moiety, suggesting that the sensitizing agent responsible need not have been tartrazine but could have been one or more of the many other synthetic environmental chemicals with a sulphonated benzene ring. The results obtained suggest that diagnostic tests may be developed for tartrazine hypersensitivity and for hypersensitivi

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1980.tb02121.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryCommercial allergen extract preparations of whole cereal grains were examinedin vitrofor their reactivity with the human haemolytic complement cascade. Total haemolytic complement was consumed in a dose‐dependent manner which did not correlate with the protein nitrogen content or bacterial endotoxin contamination of the extracts. Alternative pathway activation was shown by C3 conversion in the presence of EGTA while classical complement components C1, C4 and C2 were also much decreased in serum which was free of detectable specific antibody. Very small amounts of allergen extract initiated the formation of complement‐dependent factors which were chemotactic for human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. These data suggest a potential for complement activationin vivoby ingestion, inhalation, or injection of cereal grain produ

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1980.tb02122.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySoluble immune complexes were detected by a solid phase Clq binding assay in forty‐two out of 106 well studied asthmatic patients (39.6%) and in eleven out of 145 age‐matched controls (8%;P<0.01). Clinical significance of immune complexes has been evaluated by comparing the following parameters in patients with and without such complexes: age, sex, duration of disease, IgE‐mediated allergy (RAST, skin test), precipitins (Aspergillus,Candida albicans, Thermoactinomycetes), corticodependency, lung function tests, associated symptoms (hivernal bronchitis, urticaria, eczema, …), desenstization treatment, serum concentration in immunoglobulin in G, A, M and E. Immune complexes were found more frequently in female than in male patients. The prevalence of immune complexes was higher in patients treated by hyposensitization therapy and in cases with precipitating antibodies against thermophilic actinomycetes and Aspe

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1980.tb02123.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe radioallergosorbent test (RAST) has been widely used in studying allergy to hymenoptera stings, but with variable results. We report here a modification of the RAST method which in a total of 157 bee keepers and family members, gave a close correlation between a positive RAST, and a history of generalized (100%) or localized (95%) allergic reactions. There was no positive RAST among forty‐nine non‐atopic control subjects but a striking finding was that 58% of non‐allergic bee keepers had significant, but usually low, levels of IgE antibody to bee venom.IgG antibodies to bee venom have also been measured by a paper disc RAST which is quick and convenient. Levels were highest in non‐allergic bee keepers. In the presence of high levels of IgG antibody, IgE antibody levels may be underes

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1980.tb02124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to establish the range of serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) in a healthy population free of personal and family history of allergy, and to determine whether a family history of allergy influenced serum IgE levels. Using commercially available Phadebas reagents, the mean serum IgE in eighty‐four adults aged 17–30 years with no personal or family history of allergy was found to be 38.8 iu/ml. Seventy‐five percent of subjects had a serum IgE below 50 iu/ml and in only one subject was serum IgE in excess of 150 iu/ml, which we suggest be taken as the upper limit of normal. When healthy subjects with no personal history but with a family history of allergy were included with this normal population, the mean serum IgE in 207 subjects was 95.4 iu/ml and the upper limit of the distribution curve over 200 iu/ml, suggesting an influence of genetic factors on IgE produ

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1980.tb02125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn a normal population aged over 70 years the geometric mean IgE value of 30.6 u/ml was not significantly different from that obtained previously in a similar epidemiological survey of a population aged 20–44 years. However, in the older population we have noted a significant sex difference–38.6 u/ml for males against 27.2 u/ml for females–which was only apparent in the atopic subjects of the younger population. There have been some other reports that IgE levels decrease with age, and possible reasons for these differences with our own results are disc

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1980.tb02126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFive allergen extracts ofDermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Lolium perenne, Alternaria tenuis, Aspergillus fumigatusandCladosporium herbarum, obtained from four different manufacturers, were examined by inhibition of RAST, content of protein and carbohydrate, contents of phosphorylcholine (Pc) and tridacnin reactive components, and by skin test. Inhibition of RAST was used as a primary method for establishing allergenic potency and demonstrated wide variations for each preparation supplied by the different manufacturers. The extracts also varied widely in protein and carbohydrate content and in the ratio of these parameters, indicating internal heterogeneity. Pc content was significantly related to RAST potency for extracts ofA. fumigatusandA. tenuis, suggesting that Pc content may be used as a primary standarization procedure for these extracts. Skin test reactions undertaken at a single concentration did not show any significant variation in weal size between preparations of a given allergen extract. However, of particular importance to practising clinicians is the finding that varying numbers of patients showed negative skin reactions to one preparation of a particular allergen yet were positive to the corresponding preparations supplied by the other companies.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1980.tb02127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY