摘要:

SummaryA case of eggwhite allergy and a case offish allergy, where complement‐fixation by thermostable IgG‐class antibody was positive at extremely high antigen dilutions are described. The antibody in eggwhite allergy was of the precipitating variety and the C‐fixation phenomenon was not related to the presence or absence of IgE ant

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01573.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn order to test the hypothesis that the histological changes of extrinsic allergic alveolitis result from non‐specific activation of the complement cascade we studied pulmonary reactions to equivalent doses of soluble and particulate activators of complement in rats. A single intratracheal instillation of zymosan, a particulate activator of the complement system, produced a florid granulomatous pneumonitis which was maximal at 5 days. This granulomatous reaction did not appear to be associated with the development of hypersensitivity to zymosan. Complement depletion by cobra venom factor did not suppress the granulomatous reaction. Equivalent doses of soluble activators of complement failed to produce any inflammatory changes in the lung. Large doses of immune complex produced an acute, complement dependent, haemorrhagic alveolitis which was maximal at 8 hr and which resolved completely by 48 hr. We conclude that the late granulomatous pulmonary reaction to intra‐tracheally administered zymosan is not due to an immune response, or a consequence of direct activation of the alternative pathway of complement, but is of ‘foreign body’ type. We urge caution in drawing conclusions regarding the pathogenesis of the allergic alveolitides on histological appearance

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01574.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA pulmonary survey was undertaken in a large granary in the West of Scotland. The lung functions and respiratory symptoms were compared in nineteen atopic and fifty‐six non‐atopic grain handlers with reference to their smoking habits and also to forty‐eight control subjects with no previous exposure to grain dust. Cigarette smokers from the granary workers and the control group had more respiratory symptoms and significantly lower PF, FEV1, V25and V50. The atopic grain handlers, on the other hand, had better ventilatory functions compared to non‐atopic workers. This difference in the atopic group may be related to their lower cigarette consumption, shorter service in the granary or the process of self selection. The grain handlers with wheeze or breathlessness at work had significantly higher incidence of restrictive type MEFV curves and this could not be attributed to increased cigarette consumption, atopy or longer duration of employment and there was no correlation between severity of symptoms and occupational exposure. Although PF, FEV1, FVC, V25, V50and V75failed to show significant differences in granary workers and controls, the shape of MEFV curve may have significance as a sensitive indicator of the effect of grain dust as a preclinica

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01575.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAnimals sensitized by intratracheal administration of particulateMicropolyspora faeniantigen and subsequently challenged with the antigen intratracheally developed lesions of hypersensitivity pneumonitis histologically similar to those observed in man with this disease. Animals sensitized with antigen but depleted of complement with cobra venom factor prior to challenge with the antigen manifested a significant reduction in mean lesion indices when compared to a group of control animals that were not complement‐depleted. These data indicate that complement is necessary for the development of pulmonary lesions of experimental hypersensitivity pneumonitis in the rabbi

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01576.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe feasibility of measuring the allergenic activities of alum precipitated pollen extracts by means of the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) was investigated. Different batches of aqueous and alum precipitated birch and mixed grass pollen extracts were used as antigens. The alum precipitates could be readily dissolved with 0.1mEDTA (pH 9.0) without any loss in allergenicity. No significant differences in RAST activities of undissolved and dissolved alum precipitated allergen extracts could be detected in terms of ability to inhibit the binding of allergen specific IgE to solid‐phase allergen

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01577.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFifty sets of twins (thirty monozygotic [MZ] and twenty dizygotic [DZ]), of whom at least one twin had a history of atopy, were investigated by means of skin tests, RAST and IgE determinations. The concordance of atopies for MZ was, with 56.7%, significantly higher as compared with the DZ with 20%. The mean values of the log serum IgE level differences for MZ and DZ sets of twins was not statistically significant but the percentage distribution of the log serum IgE level differences showed a closer correlation of the IgE levels among MZ. The MZ sets do not show a better concordance in the specific reagin production, as measured by RAST or skin tests, than the DZ sets. These findings seemed to indicate that although the tendency to IgE production is genetically determined its specificity is governed mainly by environmental influences.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01578.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFifty patients with suspected allergy to penicillin were tested. Skin tests were done with Na‐penicillin G and penicilloyl‐polylysin.Specific IgE antibody assays were done with penicilloyl G and V conjugates by means of RAST. The overall agreement between skin test and RAST results was 87%, borderline cases not included.In one case, skin tests were positive to penicillamine only, while RAST for penicilloyl G and V both proved to be positive. One case of penicillin allergy could be diagnosedin vitropost mortem only. Two cases of Hoigné syndrome showed no evidence of allergy.Patterns of skin manifestations varied but urticaria was the most commonly seen feature.Twenty patients without adverse reactions to penicillin treatment and seven patients who had not received penicillin over the last 10 years served as controls. None of them were positive in either skin tests or RAST.Two of our twenty control patients developed penicillin allergy during the study. Both showed positive RAST res

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01579.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryRadioallergosorbent testing was used to look for the presence of specific IgE antibody against a para‐tolyl‐mono‐isocyanate human serum albumin conjugate in sera from five groups of subjects. The first three groups consisted of individuals exposed to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) who had been shown by bronchial provocation testing with levels of TDI below the threshold limit value of 0.02 parts/106, to have immediate asthmatic reactions, late asthmatic reactions or no respiratory changes at all. The two control groups consisted of atopic and non‐atopic individuals who had no respiratory symptoms and no known exposure to TDI. Although RAST showed high ct/min in some of the sera from patients with proven TDI‐induced respiratory disease, these levels were not significantly different from controls and appeared to reflect the presence in these sera of high levels of total IgE (>100 u ml‐1). There is no evidence from this study for the presence of specific IgE antibody against a para‐tolyl mono isocyanate human serum albumin conjugate in patients with TDI‐induced respiratory disease. This finding may reflect absence of antibodies, or that the techniques for their detection are not always effective even when performed by experienced persons, and there is a potential source of error in the interpretation of results when sera contain large

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01580.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA trial of flunisolide nasal spray and sodium cromoglycate nasal spray in the treatment of hay fever was carried out during the summer of 1978. Sixty‐seven patients all suffering from grass‐pollen hay fever were given either flunisolide or sodium cromoglycate nasal sprays for 7 weeks. Patients were seen at 0,3 and 7 weeks and they also kept a daily record of symptoms.Overall assessment of symptom control and the patients daily records of sneezing showed flunisolide to be significantly superior to sodium cromoglycate. Patients records of symptoms correlated well with daily pollen counts.Side‐effects were similar in both treatment groups and consisted mainly of mild naso‐pharyngeal irri

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01581.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe antigen non‐specific release of histamine by synthetic neuromuscular blocking agents is well known, though our review of thirty‐two cases reported in the literature of anaphylactoid reactions to succinylcholine, shows that there is insufficient evidence to determine whether the signs are due to anaphylactic or to anaphylactoid reactions.We have examined thirteen cases in whom evidence of anaphylactic sensitization was examined by direct skin tests (in eleven cases) Prausnitz‐Küstner tests (in five), rabbit basophil degranulation, Shelley test (in twelve) and human basophil degranulation (in seven). These tests were done on two to four occasions, and the optimal period for the first test ascertained to be 6 to 12 weeks after the episode. All eleven patients examined by direct skin tests showed evidence of anaphylactic sensitivity, and in three of five cases the sensitivity could be transferred by the Prausnitz‐Küstner procedure. In one of these P‐K tests there was evidence of both IgE and of IgG S‐TS antibodies (heat‐stable antibody conferring sensitivity for 2 hr).Particular susceptibilities to adverse reactions to this drug appear to be prior drug allergy (in 50% of cases), several previous anaesthe

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01582.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY