摘要:

SummaryA quantitative estimate of the IgG subclasses in patients with farmer's lung has revealed significantly higher IgG3 levels in patients with this condition compared to an age‐matched group of control farmers similarly exposed toMicropolyspora faeni(P<0.01) and a group of normal blood bank donors (P<0.001). The IgG1 and total IgG levels were significantly higher in both groups of farmers compared to blood bank controls (P<0.001). The possible significance of these observations is discussed in relation to susceptibility to the disease and its pathogenesi

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01585.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTotal IgG, IgG subclass and total IgE levels were measured in thirty‐one patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (APBA), and age‐matched groups of extrinsic asthmatics and normal controls. Compared to controls, total IgG was significantly greater in ABPA (P<0.01) and asthmatics (P0.01); IgG1 levels were also greater in ABPA (P<0.01) and asthma (P<0.01). In ABPA alone the levels of IgG2 (P<0.05), IgG3 (P<0.01) and IgG4 (P<0.05) were greater than in controls, while the asthmatics did not differ significantly from either of these groups. There was no correlation between total IgE and any of the subclases in the three gro

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01586.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFifty farming families on the mainland (the largest island) of Orkney were surveyed to assess the amount of allergic respiratory disease and the principal causative factor. This account deals with only type I allergy and demonstrates a prevalence of asthma and rhinitis of 17.3% and of extrinsic asthma and rhinitis, in which definite allergic causes can be identified, of 12.7%. In addition it is shown that over one‐fifth of the farming community are ‘atopic’ in that they demonstrate positive prick tests to one or more allergens. Less than 50% of those with allergic respiratory disease have attended the doctor with their complaint, a fact which calls in question the validity of epidemiological studies of allergic disease based on hospital and clinic attendances. Sex distribution confirms the finding that males suffer from asthma more frequently than females, however more females than males give positive skin tests without exhibiting symptoms of allergy.Pollens, animal danders and fungi all have a part to play in the aetiology of asthma and rhinitis among Orkney farmers, although the incidence of grass pollenosis is well below average. The two commonest allergens are hay dust andDermatophagoides pteronyssinuswhich are found frequently to affect the same su

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01587.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWhen exposed to an amount of contaminated humidifier water roughly equivalent to that inhaled over an 8‐hour period at their work place, four out of six subjects developed symptoms of humidifier fever. Two non‐exposed subjects failed to react to the same challenge.Characteristic lung function, temperature and leucocyte changes were recorded: however, a fall in gas transfer previously reported was not seen.That the reaction was immunologically mediated and not due to endotoxin activity was shown by a negative pyrogen response in rabbits inoculated intravenously with concentrated humidifier water. The nature of the immune response has not as yet been evaluated but it does not reside with the ability of humidifier fever antigens to activate complement.Skin testing produced an immediate weal and flare in the four subjects with precipitins and may reflect the presence of short‐term anaphylactic IgG ant

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01588.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySixty‐four patients with mild or moderate extrinsic asthma were treated with placebo for i month and thereafter with ketotifen (1 mg twice daily, orally), disodium cromoglycate (inhalation of 20 mg, four times daily), or placebo for 2 subsequent months. The trial was performed at four different centres and the treatments were compared using double‐blind technique. We found no difference between the effect of ketotifen, disodium cromoglycate and placebo on the patients' daily measurements of evening peak expiratory flow, daily score values for respiratory symptoms or the number of salbutamol puffs required to control symptoms. There was no difference between the treatment groups with regard to the patients' estimates of changes in airway sensitivity to different non‐specific stimuli: fumes, tobacco smoke, cold air, and exercise. The only significant effect of DSCG was a minor (4%) increase in the mean morning value for peak expiratory flow. The findings suggest that the addition of ketotifen or disodium cromoglycate to the regimen is unlikely to give further benefit in asthmatic patients, whose symptoms are reasonably well controlled by small doses of bronchodilating

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01589.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe acute effect of ethanol inhalation on ventilatory capacity was studied in a group of six healthy volunteers and the results were compared to those obtained after the inhalation of a saline solution. There was a significant decrease in flow rates on partial expiratory flow‐volume (PEFV) curves up to 90 min after ethanol inhalation. FEV1values did not change significantly, either after ethanol or saline aerosol. Pretreatment with atropine did not prevent the acute reductions in flow rates in comparison with the reductions without atropine. Pretreatment with disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) considerably diminished the acute reductions of flow rates caused by ethanol inhalation. These results suggest that ethanol in some persons may act, at least partly, through releasing mediators with bronchoconstrictive actio

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01590.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn an unselected population of 133 young adults studied by prick testing to common allergens three groups were identified: eleven subjects with positive skin test responses and clinical symptoms of allergy; ten subjects only with positive skin tests and the remainder with negative skin tests.All subjects with positive skin tests (with and without symptoms) were studied by RAST on the serum and nasal secretions. Specific and non‐specific bronchial provocation tests (BPT) were also carried out.The serum RAST was positive in all subjects with positive skin tests, and there was good correlation between high levels of circulating specific IgE and the presence of clinical symptoms.The RAST of nasal secretions was negative in most symptom‐free subjects and as a diagnostic lest it was slightly better than the serum RAST.BPTs with extracts of the relevant allergens caused bronchospasm in every subject with a positive nasal secretion RAST. Only two subjects out of fifteen with a positive response were clinical asthmatics. Our results cast doubt on the clinical relevance of the BPT as it is usually conduc

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01591.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWe have measured the concentrations of mediators of hypersensitivity in the sputum of twenty‐five young, symptomatic cigarette smokers who regularly expectorated and twenty‐three matched non‐smokers with a respiratory infection. The measurements included sputum and blood eosinophils, IgE, IgG, IgA and IgM and also sputum histamine. We found a significant increase of sputum histamine, and a higher sputum/serum ratio of IgE in smokers when compared to non‐smokers. These findings support the view that the bronchial inflammatory response in smokers, as in chronic bronchitis, involves the participation of mediators of hypersens

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01592.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo hundred and ninety‐three normal schoolchildren between 5 and 15 years old living in the hills of Eastern Nepal were tested by the skin prick method for sensitivity to six allergens:Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Cladosporium herbarum, Penicillium notatum, mixed pollens and mixed threshings. These children were also questioned and examined for symptoms and signs relating to allergic disease.Of the children, 20% were skin‐prick positive to at least one of the allergens, and 20% had symptoms of allergic disease, but there was no relationship between the symptoms and the prick test results.No relationship was found between the prick test results and any of the following: the length of time a child was breast‐fed; the age of the child and his month of birth. Of the boys, 19% admitted to smoking cigarettes, as did 11% of the

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01593.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThree hundred and one children between 5 and 15 years old in the hills of east Nepal were studied to determine the prevalence and the main causes of asthma and atopy. Asthma was diagnosed on the basis of history, clinical examination and the results of a 6‐min exercise test (step test).Asthma was diagnosed in six children, none of whom was skin prick test positive. We present here normal values of baseline peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), and the exercise‐induced changes in PEFR in normals, asthmatics, other wheezy children and others with atopic histories. The results of the skin prick tests are presented with the atopic histories in another pa

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1981.tb01594.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY