ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02698.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02699.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02700.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryLangerhans cells (LC) are very potent antigen‐presenting cells. In atopic disorders such as allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis LC are known to bear IgE surface molecules. IgE‐positive LC can bind allergen and present it to T lymphocytes to induce an allergen‐specific T‐cell response and IgE synthesis. Therefore, IgE‐bearing LC might play an important role in the triggering of the immune system to maintain ongoing IgE synthesis. The importance of the IgE‐bearing LC in atopy has not been assessed but deserves further investigation to find out more about the part played by these cells, not only in the atopic disorders described here but also in others such as gastrointestinal allergy and alle

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02701.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA group of 145 workers exposed to methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MTHPA) was investigated. They were working in a plant which, since 1983, handled an epoxy resin with MTHPA as a hardener. Specific IgE antibodies (RAST) to a conjugate between MTHPA and human serum albumin (HSA) were statistically significantly increased (P= 0·001; 26 subjects = 18% positive) in the exposed group, compared to a non‐exposed control group (n= 33). One positive worker was only exposed for 2 months. Twenty‐three exposed subjects were also skin‐prick test positive to MTHPA‐HSA. The exposed group was divided into three different exposure categories, according to their contact with the epoxy resin. The average exposure levels at the time of the investigation were, in zone 10·085 mg/m3, in zone II0·014 mg/m3, and in zone III 0·010 mg/m3, though the exposure probably had been higher earlier. There was an association between exposure intensity and RAST‐positive persons (P= 0·0025, chi‐square trend test). Forty‐four persons (30%) were smokers, and 16(11%) atopics. No association between sensitization and either atopy or smoking was found. There was an association between exposure intensity and specific IgG antibodies (P= 0·0003, chi‐square trend test). Specific IgG4antibodies were closely related to specific total IgG antibodies (P= 0·0001). These findings demonstrate that MTHPA is a sensitizing agent at

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02702.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAspirin (ASA) and other non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, which are cyclo‐oxygenase (COX) inhibitors, precipitate asthmatic attacks in ASA‐intolerant patients, while sodium salicylate, hardly active on COX by itself, is well tolerated by these patients. However, salicylate moiety appears to interfere with aspirin inhibitory action on platelets and vascular COX. Such interaction, if present at the level of respiratory tract, may be of interest to pathogenesis of ASA‐induced asthma.We performed a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized cross‐over study on the effect of choline magnesium trisalicylate (CMT, trilisate) pre‐treatment on ASA‐induced adverse reactions in nine patients. Pulmonary function tests, nasal symptoms score, PNIF and serum salicylate levels were monitored following challenges with threshold doses of ASA. Trilisate administered at a dose of 3000 mg daily for 3 days, offered a moderate protection against ASA‐induced symptoms; it diminished the severity and/or delayed the appearance of FEV1fall. Maximal decreases in FEV1as well as reaction intensity indexes were significantly lower (P<0·02 andP<0·002, respectively) after trilisate pre‐treatment as compared to placebo. Trilisate also attenuated nasal symptoms in three out of five patients. Although the precise mechanism of the protective action of trilisate is unknown, our data support the possibility of interaction between salicylate and ASA on cyclo‐oxygenase locus in the respiratory tract

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02703.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryComplexes made from antigen and specific antibodies have been used to suppress specific antibody production. This property is of potential therapeutic interest in immediate hypersensitivily states which are characterized by hyperproduction of IgE antibodies. We report here on the use of antigen‐antibody complexes in patients with hypersensitivity to grass pollen. Specific anti‐allergen antibodies were prepared by immunoadsorption from the serum of hypersensitive individuals and mixed with grass pollen allergens to form complexes in antibody excess. These complexes were used in a strictly autologous manner for inoculating patients prior to and during a pollen season. The study comprised two randomly defined groups of 15 patients who were inoculated intradermally either with a preparation of allergen‐antibody complexes or with the carrier buffer, according to a double‐blind protocol. Diary cards were used to follow nasal and ocular symptoms, bronchial asthma and medication intake. Specific IgE antibodies were assayed during the trial and 1 year afterwards.Inoculation of allergen‐autologous antibody complexes was well tolerated. It significantly reduced ocular symptoms (Mann‐WhitneyU‐test,P<0·05), bronchial asthma during the first part of the season (Mann‐WhitneyU‐test,P<0·001) and drug intake (Mann‐WhitneyU‐test,P<0·001). This treatment prevented the seasonal increase in specific IgE antibodies, whose production continued to decrease after the pollen season. These effects were obtained within a few weeks of treatment, using a cumulative amount of allergen 100‐fold lower than the amount which would have been used for a conventional hyposensitization.Inoculation of allergen‐antibody complexes might prove to be a valuable alternative for the treatment o

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02704.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryCirculating eosinophils, basophils and eosinophil/basophil (Eo/B) progenitors were examined in 12 patients at the time of an exacerbation of asthma accompanied by sputum eosinophilia and after resolution of the exacerbation with inhaled corticosteroid treatment. Differential counts were performed and peripheral blood non‐adherent mononuclear cells were cultured for 14 days in methyl‐cellulose to determine the number of Eo/B and granulocyte‐macrophage (GM) colonies without knowledge of the clinical conditions or findings. With resolution of the asthma exacerbation on beclomethasone therapy, there were significant falls in circulating eosinophils, basophils and Eo/B colonies whereas GM colonies were unchanged. To elucidate whether the observed changes could be due to systemic absorption or local action of inhaled corticosteroid, seven subjects with allergic rhinitis and no current evidence of lower airway inflammation (no symptoms of asthma and normal methacholine airway responsiveness) received 14 days' treatment with the same dose of inhaled beclomethasone or of placebo in a double‐blind randomized cross‐over study. No significant changes in airway function or in circulating cell counts were observed. The results suggest reduced production of eosinophils and basophils after the resolution of an exacerbation of asthma. This effect may be due to reduced levels of airway‐derived eosinophil‐basophil growth and differenti

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02705.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFragments of short ragweed extract were prepared by peptic digestion and fractionated by molecular exclusion chromatography. We focused on fragmenting a ragweed fraction that was enrichedfor Amb aI. Digestion products in the molecular weight range of 5–15 kD (fSRW) were examined for their antigenic, immunogenic and immunosuppressive properties. fSRW was poorly immunogenic and unable to induce ragweed‐specific PCA reactions in rat skin or to bind to anti‐ragweed IgG antibodies. Intravenous administration of fSRW either prior to or after intraperitoneal immunization with a ragweed preparation resulted in a significant suppression of the immune response. T cells isolated from lymph nodes of mice immunized with ragweed were stimulated by fSRW in a lymphoproliferation assay. Moreover, T cells from mice injected with fSRW were immunosuppressive when transferred into mice immunized with intact ragweed antigens. Our data demonstrate that peptic fragments (fSRW) of ragweed lack B‐cell determinants while retaining their T‐cell immunoregulatory properties. Potentially these peptides are less likely to cause adverse reactions in allergen sensitive patients and thus offer a new approach to allergen immu

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02706.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFrom several fusion experiments between spleen cells obtained from BALB/c mice immunized with partially purified Cr‐PI of American cockroach and NS‐1 cells, growth was observed in many wells. Seven stable subclones secreting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Cr‐PI, as determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with high absorbance values and immunoblot analysis, were obtained. All seven mAbs were characterized as IgGl subclass by immunodiffusion, and reacted strongly with 72 kilodaltons (kD) of Cr‐PI which have been identified as a major allergen of American cockroach. Six mAbs were found to have similar epitope specificities against Cr‐PI by ELISA. The remaining mAb was found to have different epitope specificities with others. Interestingly, all mAbs did not react with any components of crude extracts of Oriental and German cockroaches as determined by immunoblot analysis and ELISA. A mAb‐based double‐antibody sandwich ELISA was developed, and the ELISA was dose‐dependent and capable of detecting as little as 140 ng

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02707.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY