ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00823.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00824.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe major mite allergenDer pII shows marked resistance to denaturation and is expressed from cDNA in bacteria with almost all of its IgE binding activity. Despite these properties, the IgE binding activity appears to be dependent on maintaining the complete primary structure. Random fragment libraries of cDN A, able to code for up to 93 of the 129 amino acid residue protein, did not express IgE binding peptides. Large overlapping peptides 1–69, 69–129 and 42–117 expressed as the fusions from the glutathione transferase of pGEX vectors only had binding activity with IgE in 15 out of 57 sera, and this was typically weak. Sera from children with atopic dermatitis bound IgE in seven out of eight cases but this was also weak compared with their strong reactivity to intact recombinantDer pII. The inability of such large peptides to form IgE binding structures suggests that the antigenic determinants ofDer pII are highly conformational and restr

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00825.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryJack‐jumper ant venom proteins were etectrophoretically separated on SDS‐polyacry‐lamide gels, transferred to nitrocellulose and probed with sera from subjects who had experienced an allergic reaction after being bitten by a jack‐jumper ant. Ant venom components that bound IgE antibodies were detected by addition of125I‐anti‐human IgE followed by autoradiography. Of the 17 polypeptides resolved by electrophoresis only three, of molecular weights approximately 14 kD, 12 kD and 10 kD, bound IgE antibodies from the panel of 50 sera examined. There was a marked similarity in the binding patterns by individual sera with almost all of the sera recognizing the 14 kD and 12 kD components. IgE‐binding profiles of separated ant venoms from ants collected in different regions of Australia appeared to be very similar if not identical. Identification of the ant allergens is a necessary prelude to the preparation of standardized venom sac extracts suitable for safe and effective diagnostic and th

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00826.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWe have examined cells dispersed enzymatically from three different sites in (he bovine lung (tracheal mucosa, bronchial mucosa and parenchyma) and the skin, in order to ascertain whether the bovine model could be used to study mast cell heterogeneity. Histochemically there were two sub‐populations of mast cells present in both lung and skin (on the basis of toluidine blue staining and the sensitivity to formalin fixation), but their proportions were similar in all sites studied. Skin mast cells contained approximately twice the amount of histamine than their counterparts in the lung (P<0.05). Functional heterogeneity was examined byin vitrorelease of histamine following secretagogue challenge. Calcium ionophore induced a substantial release of histamine; skin mast cells releasing significantly more histamine than any of the lung mast cells (at 10 μmionophore, 37.1% and 20.7% net histamine release, respectively,P<0.05), although the time‐course of release from the two tissues was similar. The neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide and somatostatin induced a modest but statistically significant release of histamine from both skin and lung mast cells, whilst substance P only induced histamine secretion from skin mast cells. A range of other potential immunological and non‐immunological secretagogues was unsuccessful in eliciting histamine release from mast cells in any of the tissues. We conclude that there were no convincing histochemical differences between mast cells from the sites examined in the lung or skin. Additionally, there was no discernabie functional heterogeneity between mast cells within the lung, but functional differences were evident between mast cells of the bovine lung and skin. However, in the absence of a suitable immunological stimulus the bovine model cannot be regarded as a good model of mast cell heterog

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00827.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTixocortol pivalate is a steroid reportedly without significant adrenal‐pituitary axis suppression when administered via the gastrointestinal tract. To determine whether this steroid would suppress the gastrointestinal manifestations of systemic mastocytosis, we performed an open clinical trial for safety and efficacy with tixocortal pivalate in four patients for periods of 8‐15 weeks. All patients showed a decrease in the symptoms of abdominal pain and frequency of stools. Laboratory parameters of malabsorption improved in parallel with symptom relief. Histopathologic abnormalities of the small bowel improved in one patient. There was no significant suppression of the pituitary adrenal axis. Two patients developed fluid retention while on tixocortol pivalate, which was attributed to a mineralocorticoid effect. One patient had a fall inamcortisol. In summary, this study strongly suggests that tixocortol pivalate, when administered orally, has gastrointestinal anti‐inflammatory activity comparable to conventional steroids, but may not be entirely without adrenal‐suppressive effect and may lead to fluid retention in some patients. Further studies are warranted to assess the value of tixocortol pivalate in the therapy of inflammatory diseases of the upper gastrointestina

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00828.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis study was designed to examine whether an inhaled β2‐agonist, procaterol, inhibits thromboxane A2(TXA2) production induced by antigen challenge in passively sensitized guinea‐pigsin vivo. Antigen‐induced bronchoconstriction was markedly inhibited by pre‐treatment with procaterol. Inhaled procaterol significantly reduced in a dose‐dependent manner the increment in TXB2concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained 5 min after antigen challenge. Aerosol administration of procaterol significantly inhibited bronchoconstriction induced by inhaled hislainine. These results suggest that inhalation of procalerol has an inhibitory effect on antigen‐induced TXA2production as well as a protective effect against bronchoconstriction induced by bronchoa

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00829.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe IgE levels and food‐allergen‐specific IgE‐ and IgG‐antibodies (Ab) to oval bumin (OA), ovomucoid (OVO) and β‐Mactoglobulin (BLG) were determined up to 18 months of age in 163 infants born to women who were atopic. A high (HIGH group) or a low (REDUCED group) intake of hen's egg and cow's milk by the mother during the third trimester gave no significant differences in the concentrations of IgE or in IgE‐Ab (OVO, BLG) and IgG‐Ab (OA, OVO, BLG). Similarly, a prolongation of the abstention diet to the early lactation period did not influence the immune response. The IgG‐Ab levels to all three food allergens decreased significantly (P<0.001) in both study groups between birth and 2 months of age, but then increased significantly (P<0.001) between 6 and 18 months of age. The presence in serum of IgE‐Ab to OVO (≥ 0.15 PRU/ml) was associated with significantly higher IgG‐Ab levels to OVO at 6 months (P<0.001) and at 18 months (P<0.05). Infants with positive skin‐prick tests (SPT) to OA and OVO showed higher IgG‐Ab levels at 6 and 18 months of age than did infants with negative SPT reactions to the two egg allergens. This indicates a relation between the IgE‐ and IgG‐Ab response and it also suggests that some individuals are ‘high responders’ to both types of immunoglobulin isotypes

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00830.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySelenium status and its relationship to lowered platelet glutathione peroxidase activity was investigated in 18 subjects with aspirin (ASA)‐induced asthma and in asthmatic and non‐asthmatic ASA‐tolerant subjects. Mean serum selenium concentration in ASA‐toleranl asthmatics (1.25 μm; 98.5 μg/1) was significantly higher than that in ASA‐induced asthma subjects (1.14μm/l; 89.7μg/1) and than that in healthy controls (1.15 μm/1.91 μg/1). Although there was a correlation between serum selenium concentration and platelet glutathione peroxidase activity, enzyme activity was significantly lower in the ASA‐induced asthma group compared to other groups even after correcting for selenium status. These results indicate that lowered platelet glutathione peroxidase activity in ASA‐induced asthma is a product of both selenium availability and an unidentified syndrome‐specific (pos

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00831.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryStaphylococcal enterotoxins are able both to stimulate powerful polyclonal proliferative responses and to induce non‐responsiveness of T lymphocytes expressing the appropriate T‐cell antigen receptor Vβ gene products. T‐cell clones representative of the human response to house dust mite were identified that express either Vβ3 or Vβ6 gene products. The specificity of the latter was confirmed by serology. Pre‐treatment of cloned Vβ3+T cells with theStaphyhcoccus aureusenterotoxins B or C1 rendered them non‐responsive to immunogenic challenge with their natural ligand, while retaining responsiveness to exogenous IL‐2. Similarly, exposure of the Vβ6+dust mite reactive T cells to the Staphylococcal enterotoxin of the appropriate specificity, SEE, induced specific anergy. The development of non‐responsiveness was associated with changes in the T‐cell phenotypes. Downreguiation of the T‐cell receptor, Ti‐CD3, was paralleled by enhanced expression of both CD2 and the IL‐2 receptor, CD25. Differential co‐modulation of CD4 and Ti‐CD3 suggested that for some T cells CD4 may form part of the specific antigen recognition structure. Toxicity of the Staphylococcal enterotoxins may be removed by chemical modification, thus their ability functionally to inactivate subpopulations of T cells expressing antigen‐specific receptors with shared characteristics may be of potential value in the regulation of allergic diseases if the diversity of the T‐ce

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00832.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY