摘要:

SummaryA multicentre collaborative clinical trial has been made at one centre in each of six countries to decide if the potency of allergen extracts can be determined satisfactorily by skin‐prick tests in man.Although there was considerable variation in potency of antigen when determined in different patients, if a sufficiently large group (n=54) of persons were tested, it was shown to be feasible to compare potencies of sequential batches of the same specificity, and also of antigens of different specificities.It was shown that batches of mite extract were weaker than that of a grass pollen, but it proved to be a simple matter to adjust the concentration to give the same biological potenc

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02236.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryKuwait, situated in the north‐west corner of the Arabian Gulf, has an arid climate with very hot dry summers and mild winters. Sandstorms are a regular climatic feature. occurring most frequently in summer. Before the mid‐1950s allergy was not considered to be a problem. Since then it has become a major cause of morbidity; 18% of the population are reported to suffer from its manifestations. Over the past 3 years 1000 asthmatic patients attending a central clinic have been carefully studied. The present paper analyses various aspects of the asthmatic condition in this desert coun

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02237.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySuppressor‐cell activity of Concanavalin‐A‐stimulated lymphocytes was studied in allergic patients by inhibition of one‐way mixed lymphocyte culture reactions before and after allergy immunotherapy. This activity was compared with twelve healthy controls. In preliminary experiments, six out of eight allergic patients had no detectable T suppressor activity. In the second prospective group, eight out of eleven patients had much reduced suppressor‐cell activity before immunotherapy, and seven out of eleven patients had much reduced activity after immunotherapy. The data suggest that non‐specific T suppressor‐cell activity is reduced in allergic patients but immunotherapy does not restore

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02238.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWe examined the relationship of diet to the development of atopic manifestations in a group of infants with an immediate family history of atopy, followed prospectively from birth for up to 20 months of age. There was no relationship between the development of atopic dermatitis, rhinitis and wheeze and either 2 or 4 months exclusive breast feeding, or the introduction of cow's milk or solids in the first 4 months of life. In addition there was no relationship between the introduction of milk, egg or wheat into the diet and the development of skin‐test positivity to these foods. In fact, five infants developed positive skin tests to the food prior to its introduction into the diet, suggesting exposure via maternal breast milk. Thus we have been unable to show a protective effect of either breast feeding or cow's milk or solid avoidance on the development of atopic disease in infanc

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02239.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAn enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay has been used to search for lactoglobulin and bovine casein in breast milk. Initial results suggest this may be a simple and useful method for such studies. Detection and prevention of antigen passage could influence the prevalence of atopic diseas

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02240.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn a double‐blind controlled crossover trial of inhaled disodium cromoglycate and beclomethasone dipropionate in juvenile asthma, beclomethasone produced higher therapeutic scores but significantly so in only two indices–wheeze‐free days and morning peak flow rates. Combined treatment offered no advantage over beclomethasone alone. No side‐effects were noted. The findings confirm other studies of cromoglycate and a steroid aerosol (betamethasone 17‐valerate) but disagree with the only other comparative trial of cromoglycate and beclomethasone, in which both were found equally

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02241.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis study describes the effect of an orally administered grass‐pollen vaccine, taken pre‐seasonally, on the clinical symptoms of fifty‐four children with hay fever, asthma or both, during the 1982 grass‐pollen season.Oral mixed grass‐pollen vaccine and a matched placebo were randomly allocated to form two matched groups. Although small differences were observed in favour of the active group for both hay fever and asthma, no significant advantage was demonstrated over placebo in terms of symptom scores or additional medication

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02242.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe appearance of symptoms suggestive of allergy through the first 4 years of life was studied prospectively in eighty‐six healthy newborn babies. Blood samples were obtained at birth, at 3,8,25 and 48 months of age and analyzed for levels of total serum IgE and for IgE antibodies to some common foods. The occurrence of IgE antibodies was related to atopic manifestations and to a detailed history of infant feeding and family history of allergy. All infants with elevated cord blood IgE (more than 1.3 kU/1) developed manifestations of atopy. Specific IgE antibodies against egg, cow's milk and soy were demonstrated at 3, 8, 25 and 48 months in nine, twenty‐three, six and two children respectively. Egg was a more potent sensitizing agent than cow's milk, IgE antibodies to egg being present in thirty‐one samples, to cow's milk in eleven and to soy in five samples. Nine infants developed IgE antibodies to eggs or cow's milk before the introduction of these nutrients into the food. The IgE antibody levels were generally low in healthy non‐atopic children and did, with one exception, not reach RAST class 1. In contrast, the levels of IgE antibodies to egg or cow's milk were higher in eleven blood samples from atopic children. We conclude that transient low IgE antibody responses to food proteins appear relatively often even in healthy infants. High concentrations of IgE antibodies however are almost exclusively seen in infants with atopic disease. Sensitization may appear early in infancy sometimes even before the offending food has been introduced into t

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02243.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThirty‐nine patients with pollen hay fever were randomly allocated to receive either an alum‐precipitated five‐grass extract (Allpyral®) or a two‐grass conjugated extract (Conjuvac®) prior to the 1982 pollen season.Efficacy was assessed by means of symptom scores, drug usage and specific IgE and IgG antibody response. Both nasal and eye symptom scores were significantly higher during the pollen season in those patients receiving Allpyral. Specific IgE and IgG measured after the pollen season showed similar rises in each group. Seven patients showed a marked elevation in specific IgE and nine a marked elevation in specific IgG, but no patient showed both. Those with a high specific IgE level tended to be younger. Symptom scores bore no relation to either specific IgE or IgG antibodies. Side‐effects were mainly local and were equal in

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02244.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe basophil degranulation test (BDT) has failed to gain popular acceptance as a test of immediate‐type hypersensitivity since its introduction in clinical medicine in 1961. Recent modification of this technique, however, seemed to have increased its reliability. We have studied a group of twenty‐five hay‐fever sufferers and a similar age‐and sex‐matched group of healthy controls to compare the sensitivity of a newly available commercial BDT kit (Baso‐kit, Laboratoire des Stallergenes) with specific serum IgE levels and skin‐prick tests to meadow‐grass pollen. A quantitative correlation was found between the positive BDT (>30% degranulation) and the skin tests, whereas only a qualitative relationship was obtained with specific IgE concentrations. The BDT also identified two subpopulations of responders and non‐responders among a third group of hay‐fever subjects who had previously been hyposensitized to mixed grass pollen. We conclude that the modified BDT provides a worthwhile addition to thein vitrotesting of immediate‐type hy

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02245.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY