ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryBackground:The importance of total serum IgE level on lung function impairment has not been established in a general population.Objective:The aim of this cross‐sectional community study was to examine the relationship between total serum IgE and level of lung function in adults, and whether this relationship differed by sex, age, smoking habits or by respiratory symptom and disease status.Methods:A stratified random sample of 18–73 year old adults from the general population were invited to spirometry and serum analyses of total and specific IgE. Of 1512 subjects invited, 82% met and performed complete examinations.Results:Increasing level of total serum IgE was related to reduced lung function (P<0.01) given as sex, age, and height standardized residuals of one second forced expiratory volume (SFEV1). Subjects with total serum IgE in the highest vs the lowest tertile had a mean SFEV1of ‐0.58 vs ‐0.28, corresponding to age and height adjusted FEV1differences of 120 and 150mL in women and men, respectively. The relationship between IgE and lung function impairment did not differ significantly by sex, age or smoking habits. In subjects with obstructive’lung disease increasing level of total serum IgE was more negatively associated with lung function level than in subjects with respiratory symptoms alone. No relationship was observed in a symptomatic subjects. This was confirmed in a multiple linear regression analysis adjusting for sex, age, smoking habits and lifetime smoking consumption showing that SFEV1was predicted by an interaction between total serum IgE level and symptom and disease status(P<0.01). This interaction remained after excluding subjects (n= 105) having specific IgE antibodies.Conclusion:Increasing total serum IgE level was associated with progressively lower lung function in a general adult population after taking other predictors of impaired Spiro metric lung function into account, though dependent on the subjects’respiratory symptom and disease status. Variation in prevalences of respiratory symptoms and obstructive lung disease in previous examined populations may thus explain conflicting observations of the association between total IgE and airflow

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryBackground:The overproduction of IgE antibodies by atopic individuals in response to inhaled aeroallergen, forms the basis of an allergic disease. Furthermore, the exposure to allergen might trigger the symptom exacerbation.Objective:In children with bronchial asthma, the possible effects of seasonal, natural exposure to allergen on the expression of CD21 and CD23 antigens on B lymphocytes, and on the expression of HLA‐DR, CD45RA and CD45RO on CD4+T cells were investigated.Methods:Heparinized blood samples were obtained from 15 children with bronchial asthma allergic toDermcttophagoides pteronyssimis(Der p) at the time of an acute asthmatic attack and 2–4 weeks after the attack when the peak expiratory flow (PEF) was stabilized. The samples were analysed on a flow cytometer after the three‐colour immunofluorescence staining had been performed.Results:The increased proportion of B cells expressing CD23 antigen was found at the time of attack rather than after stabilization. Serum levels of total andDer p‐specific IgE increased 2–4 weeks after the asthmatic attack. This increase was accompanied by a further increase in the expression of CD23 antigen on CD21−B lymphocytes. In 10 out of 15 tested children, we found CD23 expressed on CD4+HLA‐DR+T cells during the asthmatic attack. No significant difference was found in the expression of CD45RA and CD45RO antigens.Conclusion:Since we have previously demonstrated the increased percentage of CD23 on CD21−B cells in allergic children as compared with controls, we speculate that natural exposure to the allergen which caused the increase in total and specific IgE levels might be related to the increased expression of CD23

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryBackground:Asthma elicited by sulfite ingestion has been mainly described in steroid‐dependent and in non‐atopic asthmatics. We have studied a group of 18 young extrinsic asthmatics who presented with asthma attacks immediately after eating pickled onions.Objective:The aim of this study is to ascertain if these asthma attacks are elicited by sulfites contained in pickled onions and the influence of the dose and pH of onions.Methods:The bronchial hyperreactivity of the patients was assessed by a methacho‐line challenge test. Oral challenge tests were performed with sodium metabisulfite (MBS) diluted in lemon juice at pH 4.2 and at pH 3.3 (only in patients who did not react with pH 4.2). Two types of pickled onion, Spanish and Dutch pickled onions, were used for oral challenge in seven of the patients. The Monier‐Williams method was used to measure the SO2concentration in pickled onions.Results:The oral provocation test with MBS, pH 4.2, elicited a positive response in six patients (33.3%) and the test at pH3.3 was positive in three out of 12. No significant difference in PD20 values was found between these groups. Three of the seven patients challenged with Spanish pickled onions had a positive reaction but had no reaction with Dutch pickled onions. The SC2concentration in Spanish pickled onions varied between 765 and 1182 ppm while in Dutch pickled onions were 200 ppm; this exceeded the permitted level (100 ppm). SO2release in Spanish pickled onion samples was nearly 2.5 times higher when the pH of the sample decreased from 4.2 to 3.3.Conclusion:High levels of SO2in Spanish pickled onions, and their low pH (3.3) would be the responsible factors of the asthmatic outbreaks after ingestion of Spanish pickled onions by these p

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryBackground:Hyposensitization with bee venom leads to full protection in most, but not all patients with IgE‐mediated systemic reactions to bee stings.Objective:To determine the relationship of clinical reactivity to the release of mediators and to changes of antibody concentrations in the peripheral circulation at a bee sting challenge test.Methods:Blood was sampled before (0 min) and at 15, 60 and 180 min after a sting challenge from 19 patients on hyposensitization. Of these, six still reacted and 13 were protected. Histamine, mast cell tryptase, bee venom‐specific IgE and IgG in the serum, and histamine release from peripheral blood leucocytes (PBL) upon exposure to bee venom were determined.Results:Tryptase above the detection level was found only at 15 (60)min in 4/6 (1/6) patients who reacted. After the sting challenge there was a significant increase of the histamine levels in patients who reacted at 15 min (P<0.05) and in patients who did react at 60 and 180 min (P<0.01). The total histamine content of PBL was significantly decreased after 15 and 60 min in patients who reacted (P<0.01) and in those that did not (P<0.05). Bee venom‐induced histamine release was significantly reduced in patients reacting and those that did not at 15 min (P / 0.05), and was significantly decreased in reactors also at 60 and 180 min (P<0.05/0.01). Specific IgG antibodies showed a minor decrease (P<0.05) after the sting challenge in both groups, whereas specific IgE did not change significantly.Conclusion:These results indicate that bee venom anaphylaxis is associated with the release of mediators from both mast cells as well as basophils. Successful hyposensitization does not induce a state of immunological non‐reactivity, but rather alters the magnitude and the pattern of mediator

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryBackground:Harlierin vitrostudies have suggested that the eosinophil may release its granule proteins selectively depending on the stimulus to which the cell is exposed.Objective:The object of the present study was to study the question of selective releasein vivoby means of serum measurements of the two eosinophil granule proteins eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) in acute infections.Methods:Fourty‐six subjects with acute infections were studied before treatment, 20 with bacterial infections and 26 with viral infections. Serum ECP, EPO and MPO were measured by specific RIA.Results:In acute bacterial infections ECP, but not EPO. was significantly raised in serum (P<0.0001) compared with non‐infected healthy subjects. In acute bacterial infections ECP was significantly correlated to the levels of the neutrophil marker myeloperoxidase (MPO) (rs= 0.96,P<0.0001) but not to EPO. In acute viral infections neither ECP nor EPO were on average raised. However, almost 20% the patients had elevated levels of both proteins. In the viral infections the serum‐levels of ECP and EPO were correlated (rs= 0.63,P<0.001), but no correlation was found with MPOConclusion:It is concluded that eosinophils are activated during acute bacterial infections and that this activation results in the preferential mobilisation of ECP. The simultaneous assay of the two eosinophil proteins, ECP and EPO. may give new insight into the role of the eosinophil in di

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryBackground:Granulocyte‐macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) and inlerleukin (IL)‐5 or IL‐8 have been .suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic airway inflammation in bronchial asthma or neutrophilic airway inflammation in chronic bronchitis, respectively, However, GM‐CSF and IL‐8 have biological activities to either eosinophils or neutrophils.Objective:To investigate the contribution of these cytokines to airway inflammation, we compared the cellular differential and immunolocalization of GM‐CSF, IL‐5 and IL‐8 in sputum cells from patients with bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis.Methods:Cytospins of sputum cells from 12 patients with bronchial asthma and 12 with chronic bronchitis were subjected to cellular differential counting and immunocytochemistry with antihuman GM‐CSF, IL‐5 and IL‐8 antibody.Results:The predominant cells in bronchial asthma were eosinophils and lymphocytes, while those in chronic bronchitis were neutrophils. All cytokines examined were detected in either bronchial asthma or chronic bronchitis, although the percentage of GM‐CSF and IL‐5 positive cells in bronchial asthma (53.4 ± 6.0 [mean±sfm]% and 9.7 ± 2.8%, respectively) was significantly higher than that in chronic bronchitis (11.4±2.5%;P<0.001 and 1.7plusmn;0.3%;P<0.007. respectively). In contrast, the percentage of IL‐8 positive cells in chronic bronchitis (23.8 ± 7.0%) was significantly higher than that in bronchial asthma (7.7 ± 1.9%;P<0.04). The cells positive for IL‐5 were lymphocytes in bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis. The cells positive for GM‐CSF in bronchial asthma were predominantly eosinophils. while those in chronic bronchitis were monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils. In contrast, neutrophils are mainly positive for IL‐8 in chronic bronchitis, while monocytes/macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells are positive for IL‐8 in bronchial asthma.Conclusion:The immunochcmical comparison of GM‐CSF and IL‐8 localization in sputum cells between bronchial asthma chronic bronchitis suggests the differential regulation and roles of these cytokines in eosinophilic vs neutrophilic airway inflammation, resulting in the develo

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryBackground:Mucosal inflammatory processes in late phase of allergic diseases involve cytokine production, cell adhesion molecule overexpression and release of inflammatory mediators with chemotactic activity, such as leukolriene B4(LTB4), We had previously observed increased production of LTB4by neutrophils in patients with allergic rhinitis and discussed the role of granulocyte macrophage‐colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) priming. Some antihislaminic compounds were shown to diminish the production of leukotrienes by neutrophils.Objective:In a first step, we evaluated inex vivoandin vitrostudies, the effects of cetirizine on LTB4production by blood neutrophils from allergic and healthy subjects. In a second step, we studied thein vitroeffect of cetirizine on LTB4production by neutrophils from healthy subjects during GM‐CSF priming of these cells.Methods:Neutrophils from both populations were purified from venous blood and LTB4production was measured using high performance liquid cromatography (HPLC) method.Results:Inex vivostudies, cetirizine treatment induced a decreased LTB4production by neutrophils in allergic rhinitis. This effect of decreased LTB4production was reproducedin vitrowith 10−8–10‐6cetirizine. Nevertheless, this anti‐Hl compound had no effect on neutrophil priming with GM‐CSF.Conclusion:As LTB4is an important chemotactic factor, Cetirizine could act on inflammatory cell recruitment by inhibiting LTB4production

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY