ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1983.tb02575.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryChanges in the morphology and number of basophils were examined after the additionin vitroof house dust extract in cells from seventy‐seven patients with bronchial asthma. Morphological changes (reactive basophils) showed a close relation to the end‐point titrations of antigen in skin tests, RAST score and bronchial provocation tests, but changes in number of basophils did not. With a RAST score of 2 or greater the change in reactive basophils varied from 40 to 80% (mean 58‐1%), which was much greater than seen in persons with no RAST, score 0. Patients with positive bronchial inhalation tests, showed 40 to 80% (mean 57.8%) reactive basophils, whereas persons with a negative bronchial challenge test showed a range of reactive basophils from 0 to 50% (mean 28.9%). The difference in percentage of reactive basophils between the positive and negative groups of persons tested by bronchial inhalation was statistically signif

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1983.tb02576.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe pathogenesis of summer‐type hypersensitivity pneumonitis, which often occurs in Japan, was examined by analysing the cell profile, especially the lymphocyte sub‐populations, of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from these patients: twenty‐two normal volunteers and fourteen patients with localized lung cancer as controls. Lymphocyte sub‐populations were determined by the micro‐testplate method. In the bronchial fluid of the summer hypersensitivity group, the total cell number was much higher (five to ten times) than in the control groups, and the percentage of lymphocytes reached 84‐2 + 5.1 (mean + s.e. mean); the percentage of T lymphocytes was significantly increased (95.6 + 1.0), but that of B lymphocytes (3.2 + 0.6) was similar to that of the control groups, though the absolute numbers of B and T lymphocytes were higher than in the control groups. In the peripheral blood of the summer hypersensitivity group, the percentage of B lymphocytes was significantly higher than that found in the normal volunteers, but that of T lymphocytes was not increased. Cellular changes in bronchial fluid were more evident than changes seen by X‐ray examination and are considered to be a good parameter of the severity of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. It is considered that cell‐mediated immunity as well as the Arthus reaction may be intimately related to the pathogenesis of summer‐type hypersensit

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1983.tb02577.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn eight patients with extrinsic bronchial asthma the effect of inhaled verapamil (3 and 6 mg) was compared with saline on bronchial challenge with extracts ofDermatophagoides pteronyssinus.There was no significant difference in the baseline FEV1before and after inhalation of saline or verapamil 2.5 mg/ml. However, verapamil at a higher concentration (5 mg/ml) caused bronchoconstriction in four patients who had to be excluded from the part of the study. Verapamil at both these concentrations failed to have an effect on the allergen‐induced bronchoconstriction. These findings suggest that verapamil given by inhalation does not prevent mediator release from the lung mast cells following specific allergen challeng

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1983.tb02578.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe clinical and immunologic response to a modified rapid (r) regimen of venom immunotherapy was evaluated and compared to a traditional (t) therapeutic regimen. Nineteen patients in the r group received a starting dose of 0.01 μg and reached a maintenance dose of 50 μg in 7 weeks. Twelve patients in the t group received an average of twenty‐one injections on a weekly basis, reaching the same maintenance dose. The age and sex distribution and pre‐treatment venom‐specific IgE titres (RAST) of both groups were comparable.There were thirteen local reactions to venom therapy in both groups and no systemic reactions. Following therapy, most patients developed a rising titre of serum venom‐specific IgG (V‐IgG). Serum venom‐specific IgE (V‐IgE) changes were similar in the two groups; over half of the patients had a falling titre when on maintenance dose.Twelve patients were re‐stung after reaching maintenance dose. Only one developed a mild systemic reaction, an individual who failed lo show a V‐IgG response with rapid therapy. Five of nine patients did not have an anamnestic V‐IgE response.This rapid method of venom immunotherapy appears to be safe, clinically effective, and comparable to traditional dosing without additi

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1983.tb02579.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAstemizole, a new long‐acting antihistamine, (H1receptor antagonist), 10 mg taken once daily was found to be an effective prophylactic treatment for the symptoms of allergic rhinitis in 75% (twelve from sixteen) of subjects in a double‐blind placebo‐controlled study. The success rate with placebo was<20% (three from sixteen). There were two treatment failures in highly atopic individuals taking the active drug. The classic side effects of antihistamines, most notably sedation, were minimal and reflected in the control group. Two subjects reported weight gain: one of these noted an increase in appetite during the 6‐week trial period. Six of seven subjects who continued to take the drug for a longer period (up to 16 weeks) experienced marked weight gain: five of them reported an increase in appetile. Reactions to allergen skin tests were significantly reduced in patients taking ast

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1983.tb02580.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryDetailed histories taken in eighty‐one patients suffering from perennial asthma and rhinitis were analysed independently by three trained allergists and their conclusions were compared to the results of three tests: (1) concentration of total serum IgE; (2) skin tests and (3) radioallergosorbent test (RAST). In eleven patients (14%), the three investigators disagreed when estimating the allergic nature of the symptoms. Ten out of forty‐four patients (23%), unanimously predicted not to be allergic, had high levels of total serum IgE and skin tests and RAST clearly positive for one or more allergens. The allergists suspected 47% of the allergens detected by skin tests and 55% of those detected by RAST. The case history was the test which most often gave information at odds with that suggested by the other three tests. Our study indicates therefore that a case history not even suggestive of allergy should be complemented by additional te

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1983.tb02581.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryStability of diluted SpectralgenDermatophagoides farinaeallergen preparations in phenol‐saline with, and without human serum albumin (HSA) has been studied by intracutaneous tests in mite‐allergic patients. The phenol‐saline reconstituted mite allergen preparation lost activity to less than 1/10 of initial activity within 1 week, while mite allergen preparation reconstituted with solvent containing HSA was stable for at least 8 months after reconstitution. Human serum albumin probably prevents adsorption of allergens to glass surfaces which may be a problem for very diluted allergen prepara

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1983.tb02582.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe clinical use of RAST on the nasal secretions was investigated in seventeen atopic patients, with asthma or rhinitis, who had shown at a first diagnostic screening, some difficulties in the identification of the responsible allergen(s). The results of the skin tests, of the RAST on the serum and on the nasal secretions and of the specific provocation test (bronchial or nasal) were compared. In some cases the basophil degranulation test was performed. The results of the RAST on the nasal secretions were in perfect agreement with the provocation test. The skin tests and the RAST on the serum showed many discrepancies, particularly for Dermatophagoides, epidermal derivatives of cat and dog and moulds, and less frequently for Graminaceae and other pollens. It is concluded that RAST analysis on nasal secretions is useful in clinical diagnosis of allergy especially for Dermatophagoides, epidermal derivatives and moulds. Most false positive results were observed with the RAST on serum; in fifteen cases it was positive, while all the other tests, basophil degranulation test included, were negative. The data suggest that IgE may have a low affinity for basophil receptors.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1983.tb02583.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA man developed asthma after grinding epoxy resin moulds made from bisphenol‐A, with phthallic anhydride as a hardener. He was shown to have a dual asthmatic response after the inhalation of phthallic anhydride fumes. It is postulated that his asthma was caused by the release of phthallic anhydride during the grinding of cured moulding

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1983.tb02584.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY