摘要:

SummaryThe effectiveness of a new topical steroid, flunisolide, was evaluated for the treatment of patients with perennial rhinitis. The sixty‐nine patients in this 8 week double‐blind parallel trial received either 300 γg/day of flunisolide or placebo. The flunisolide group showed statistically greater improvement than the placebo group in such symptoms as the duration of sneezing, stuffy nose, runny nose and nose blowing. 63% of the flunisolide group compared with 39% of the placebo group felt the test spray had provided substantial or total control of their nasal symptoms (P= 0·0026).When those patients who were skin test‐positive (allergic) were considered separately from those who were skin test‐negative (non‐allergic), differences in responsiveness were noted. While those patients who had negative skin tests received greater relief of their symptoms with flunisolide than with placebo, patients who had positive skin tests showed a greater responsiveness to flunisolide and reported a higher incidence of significant or total control of their symptoms.Careful monitoring of plasma cortisol levels revealed no evidence of adrenal suppression in any of the patients in this trial. This lack of suppression may be due to two factors: (a) flunisolide is rapidly metabolized into a metabolite with a low degree of activity and (b) a very low dose of corticosteroid is a

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1978.tb00466.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryLeucocyte migration in the presence and absence of a soluble lung homogenate has been studied in a group of asymptomatic cigarette smokers. Results were expressed as migration indices. Controls consisted of age‐matched subjects who had never smoked and had no past history of any pulmonary disease. The migration indices, the number of pack‐years*smoked and the results of pulmonary function studies were tested for correlation.The mean leucocyte migration index of the test group of sixteen smokers was significantly less than was that of the control group (P<0·001). Inhibition of leucocyte migration in the presence of the lung homogenate was not observed in any of the control subjects. Six of the sixteen asymptomatic cigarette smokers, however, were identified by inhibition of leucocyte migration in the presence of the lung homogenate. The number of pack‐years which had been smoked did not correlate with the migration indices (r=−0·06); however, inhibition of leucocyte migration was not observed in subjects who had smoked less than 6 p

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1978.tb00467.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe reproducibility of the radicallororbent (RAST) inhibition and direct binding assays with mite allergen were investigated in the presence of heterogeneous extracts and non‐mite‐sensitive atopic sera. Both contain components similar to potential contaminants which would occur in the assay of mite allergen and dust allergen extracts. The standardized inhibition and direct binding assays employed had a day to day (n= 4) coefficient of variation [(s.d. ± 100)/mean] of 15% and 24% respectively. The inhibition assay for mite allergen was reproducible in the presence of protein concentrations of added plant, fungal, arthropod and animal extracts in excess of the protein concentrations that occur under the operational mite assay conditions. The mite inhibition assay was also reproducible in the presence of non‐mite allergen extracts, with and without additional sera containing IgE specific for the non‐mite allergens. The binding of a constant quantity of mite allergen to the activated solid phase in the direct binding assay was reproducible in the presence of added bovine serum albumin, and of a fungal or arthropod extract, representing the heterogeneous components of an allergen extract at the concentrations of total protein known to occur in the direct binding assay of mite

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1978.tb00468.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn a patient with a past history of allergy to penicillin and requiring treatment, skin tests with penicillin and penicilloyl‐polylysine (PPL) were positive, and a penicilloyl RAST was strongly positive, although the Prausnitz‐Kiistner test to penicillin and PPL were negative. The hapten BPO‐Flys was administered together with penicillin to try to prevent reactions. An anaphylactic reaction occurred on the fifth day, and treatment was stopped. Serum total IgE values increased markedly after the reaction and PK titres to penicillin and PPL reached values of 1/256. The skin test reaction to PPL was negative the day after the clinical reaction, but became strongly positive again a few days later. The penicilloyl RAST remained strongly positive throughout. The authors consider that there was hypersensitivity to a penicillin metabolite other than the penicilloyl group, e.g. to minor determinants, and for this reason the hapten inhibitor f

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1978.tb00469.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySerological tests of healthy atopic and non‐atopic subjects were carried out during medical surveillance of 288 workers in detergent and food manufacturing factories in the same highly industrialized area. Correlations between the serological parameters and various aspects of the clinical history were compared for subgroups in these and control populations. The value of serological tests as aids in the diagnosis of allergic reactivity to the detergent enzyme Alcalase was given particular attention.There was no indication that employment in the detergent factory significantly increased the amount of serum total IgG, IgA or IgM. There was a positive correlation between the amount of serum total IgE and atopy as defined. The need for new standards of normality in the amount of serum totalα1‐antitrypsin in women receiving oral contraceptives was confirmed. No subjects had a homozygous deficiency ofα1‐antitrypsin.There was a statistically significant correlation between the level of allergen‐specific antibody measured by the RAST and skin prick test weals of 3·0 mm diameter or greater, which were obtained using standardized skin prick test procedure and reagents. The significance of small skin prick test reactions has been evaluated critically.The results of various tests for allergen‐specific precipitating antibodies indicated the need for caution in interpreting the results of such tests with allergens such as Alcalase, which contain several antigenic components. Alcalase‐specific IgG antibodies were only detected in the sera of persons exposed to enzyme dusts in factories. They were evidence of exposure to the antigens, not of a clinical allergic response, and probably reflect the natural formation of antibody shown to occur with numerous environm

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1978.tb00470.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryCarefully controlled allergen inhalation tests were carried out in twelve subjects to provoke early asthmatic responses with a mean maximum FEV1fall of 30·7 ± 5·2% (mean ± s.d.). Four subjects had additional late asthmatic responses with a maximum mean FEV1fall of 21·0 ± 5·9%. The tests were repeated at intervals of 7 days in an identical way, following inhalation of Sch1000 (80 μg) and placebo, each given 45 min before the onset of the early asthmatic response. This dose of Sch1000 produced a marked and uniform inhibition of methacholine‐induced bronchoconstriction in the same subjects. The allergen‐induced responses were reproducible in eleven out of the twelve subjects; the coefficient of variation for the decrease in FEV1in the early responses being ±7% and in the late response ±43%. Sch1000 produced a slight and variable inhibition of early asthmatic responses (P<0·02) and no inhibition of late asthmatic responses. We examined the relationship between the degree of inhibition of the early asthmatic response by Sch1000 and: (a) the degree of inhibition produced by Sch1000 on histamine‐ and methacholine‐induced bronchoconstriction; (b) the level of non‐specific bronchial reactivity measured by inhaled histamine and methacholine; and (c) the degree of bronchodilatation produced by Sch1000. No re

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1978.tb00471.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTo determine the efficacy of ketotifen as an oral anti‐asthmatic agent, experimental and therapeutic long‐term trials were carried out. Four models were used in the experimental therapeutic trials and the antihislaminic agent clemastine and disodium cromoglycate were used as comparative substances. It was demonstrated that ketotifen provides protection against bronchospasm induced by allergens, histamine and exercise, but not against that induced by acetylcholine.In the therapeutic long‐term trials, the efficacy and tolerance of ketotifen were compared with that of clemastine and disodium cromoglycate for a period of 6 months. In another study ketotifen was administered for 1 year, Ketotifen proved very effective in decreasing the frequency and duration of asthmatic attacks, concomitant medication could be reduced and the patients improved subjectively. From these trials it can be concluded that ketotifen is a safe and effective oral anti‐anaphylactic agent for use in the long‐term treatment of bronchi

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1978.tb00472.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryElevated levels of serum immunoglobulin E are found in many parasitic diseases caused by helminths. We have previously demonstrated that giardiasis was not associated with hyperimmunoglobulinaemia E. In order to determine the influence ofTrypanosoma cruzion IgE levels of clinically symptomatic patients, a controlled study was performed. There was no difference between the serum IgE values from Brazilian patients with Chagas' disease and those from matched healthy Brazilian controls. We suggest that protozoan parasitic infections do not increase serum IgE levels.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1978.tb00473.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA 2 year prospective study of thirty‐eight birch pollen‐sensitive hay fever patients under specific immunotherapy and of nineteen untreated control patients showed a significant correlation between the total seasonal symptom scores of the patients and their clinical sensitivities assessed by the RAST and a graded nasal test. The agreement between a positive nasal test and a positive RAST was 74%. In the early season with low pollen counts the onset of symptoms was significantly associated with high sensitivity of the patients, while many patients showed symptoms in the late season irrespective of their nasal and RAST sensitivity. About 90% of both the treated and the untreated patients reported mild symptoms when the pollen count exceeded 80/m3in the early season. 80% of them still had symptoms when the count was below 30/m3in the late pollen season. Although hyposensitization therapy had no effect on the occurrence of the mild symptoms, the treated patients had severe symptoms significantly less often than the untreated ones on days with high pollen cou

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1978.tb00474.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySimultaneous conjunctival and nasal provocation tests, a total of 174 test pairs, were carried out in fifty patients with allergic rhinitis, using serially diluted antigen solutions of birch, Timothy grass and mugwort pollen, as well as cat and dog dander. The nasal mucosa was found to be more sensitive than the conjunctival mucosa in ninety‐six test pairs (55 %). This differs from earlier reports. Nasal reaction only was observed in twenty‐nine instances (17%). Posterior rhinomanometry was also used to evaluate test reactions, but was found to yield little additional information. In 43 % of nasal provocation tests, which according to other criteria were positive, the rhinomanometric results were negative.Despite a fairly good correlation between the results obtained by nasal and conjunctival challenge, the results point to organ specificity in type I reactions. Provocation tests, if indicated in a thorough allergy evaluation, should be performed in the shock organ.The provocation methods and interpretation of reactions of this study differ from those of earlier reports. Comparison of results is difficult and standardization of methods is nee

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1978.tb00475.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY