摘要:

SummaryThe blocking effects of inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) and fluocortin butyl ester (FCB) on the immediate and late asthmatic reactions induced by inhaled allergen were studied in two trials. In the first, a double‐blind cross‐over trial compared BDP (800 μg daily as powder) with FCB 8 mg daily (1:20 by wt.‐Formulation 1). The second trial was identical in design and compared FCB 8 mg daily (1:20) with FCB 8 mg daily as Formulation 2 (1:40). Known BDP, 400 μg daily by pressurized aerosol was studied at the end of the second trial.Allergen provocation was performed before and after 7 days treatment with each drug, with a 2‐week interval between each drug.Overall, a blocking index for the immediate reaction of greater than 50% was obtained in ten of twenty patients (50%) using BDP, and five of twenty‐one (25%) using FCB (P<0‐01). The late reaction was blocked in nine of eleven (82%) instances on BDP, and four of fourteen (33%) on FCB.Contrary to earlier reports, inhaled corticosteroid agents used for several days prior to bronchial challenge, were found to block both the immediate as well as the late‐reaction in m

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb02551.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA survey of bedding in Bristol revealed reducing mite concentrations on children's toys, mattresses, overblankets and pillows.Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was the commonest mite found. A vacuuming schedule was devised for removing mites so that a double blind trial could be carried out. Investigation suggests that even with expert utilization of efficient vacuum cleaners the clinical efficacy would be limited as the mites appear to rapidly migrate back into the bedding.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb02552.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryBronchial obstructive reactions occur after inhalation ofHaemophilus influenzaein the absence of proteolytic activity in patients with CNLSD and a lowered histamine threshold in whom specific precipitins are demonstrated. It may be presumed, that the direct bronchial reaction is caused by its content of endotoxin, whereas the late bronchial reaction is the result of a toxic action and a type III allergic reaction. When proteolytic activity is present it lowers the histamine threshold and may influence the endotoxin effect in this way.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb02553.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTotal serum IgE, and sped lie serum IgE against mites,Ascarisand Japanese cedar pollen were surveyed in 251 schoolchildren by a radioimmunoassay method. These children, aged from 10 to 13 years and living in a rural Japanese town, were selected according to one‐third random population sample. A high concentration of total serum IgE (700 u/ml or more) was found in thirty‐one children (12.3%). The sex ratio of these children, boys to girls, was 2.1:1. The cross‐sectional and 6‐year follow‐up study of total IgE levels showed that they decreased with advancing age.Total IgE levels were significantly related to each of three specific IgE species investigated in this study. The levels of these three specific IgE's were also significantly releated to each other. Schoolchildren with high specific IgE levels against mites have had significantly more asthmatic histories compared to children with low specific IgE levels. Such a relationship was not observed for total IgE levels and another two specific Ig

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb02554.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySerum levels of the third component of complement (C3) were significantly lower in patients with perennial asthma and also in patients with the longer duration of the disease. No change in C3‐proactivator (C3PA) and CH50 levels was observed in asthma patients. Significantly raised C4 levels were observed in the patients with late onset asthma.Raised serum IgE levels were found in all the three groups of asthma patients studied (depending on age of onset, duration and periodicity of the disease) above the control group. Within a group no difference was found with the duration or periodicity of the disease. However, low IgE levels were observed in patients with late onset asthma as compared to early onset asthma patients but this difference was not statistically significan

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb02555.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe hypothesis studied is that increased responsiveness in asthma is not limited to the airways. Forty asthmatic children were analysed for their bronchial responsiveness (BR) to exercise. Twenty patients revealed bronchial obstruction after exercise while the remainder did not. These observations were compared with the responsiveness of leucocytes, which was determined by their histamine ‘releasability’. Twenty healthy children served as controls. Release of histamine induced by calcium ionophore‐aided calcium influx was significantly higher in both groups of asthmatics than in the healthy children (P<0.005). Similar findings were obtained by induction of microtubule aggregation due to deuterium oxide (D2O). The S‐shaped dose‐response relationship with D2O was shifted to the left in the patients with BR to exercise compared to patients without (P<0.025). The slope was increased in both patient groups compared with the healthy children (P<0.01). It is concluded that the mean ‘releasability’ of histamine release due to both stimulants correlated well (P<0.01). This suggests that the ‘releasability’ is determined by the responsiveness of the microtubules. This may also apply to allergen‐induced histamine release, as was revealed from studies with anti‐IgE. The differences in histamine release found in relation to BR due to exercise were also present if the patients were divided according to BR due to histamine. A significant relationship existed between the degree of BR to histamine and the responsiveness of the

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb02556.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe inhibition of immediate allergen‐induced airflow obstruction by lodoxamide tromethamine (LT), a new drug with properties considered to be similar to those of sodium cromoglycate, was studied in twelve young asthmatic volunteers. Single aerosolized doses of 0.01 mg LT, 0.1 mg LT or placebo were administered by inhalation 15 min prior to allergen provocation at weekly intervals, in a double‐blind random order study. Following inhalation of both doses of LT a significantly greater amount of allergen had to be administered to cause a 20% fall in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) from control levels than was the case following placebo pre‐treatment (P<0.001). After single‐dose inhalation of LT only minor unwanted effects were recorded; in particular a transient feeling of heat in the upper respiratory tract after inhalation of the higher dose

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb02557.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe protective effect of inhaled verapamil (estimated dose 2‐4 mg) and sub‐lingual nifedipine (20 mg) against allergen‐induced asthma were each assessed by the administration of calcium antagonists 30 min before bronchial provocation tests usingDermatophagoides pteronyssinusextracts on eight young perennial asthmatics. Neither drug changed the basal forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) or the provocation dose of allergen required to cause a 20% fall in FEV1(PD20FEV1). That calcium antagonists are ineffective in preventing allergen‐induced asthma suggest indirectly that mechanism other than mediator release from mast cells may also be i

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb02558.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySixteen children completed a randomized placebo‐controlled double‐blind study comparing the efficacy of pre‐treatment with (1) 20 mg sodium cromoglycate (SCG) powder delivered by Spinhaler, (2) 2 mg SCG delivered by pressurized aerosol and (3) placebo. The drug was administered 15 min before the 6 min of treadmill‐running performed at the same time of day on 3 consecutive days in a climate chamber with a temperature of 23°C and a relative humidity of 40%,. All the patients, none of whom were taking systemic steroids, had shown a post‐exercise fall in peak expiratory flow (PEF) of more than 15% from baseline when tested one day prior to the study. On the day with no pre‐treatment the average post‐exercise fall in PEF was 46% (±4) (mean ± s.e.mean). After pre‐treatment with SCG powder the average fall in PEF was 21%, (±3), after pre‐treatment with SCG aerosol the fall was 22% (±3) and after placebo a post‐exercise fall of 31% (±5) was seen. Both forms of SCG were significantly better than pre‐treatment with placebo. Comparing no pre‐treatment with pre‐treatment with placebo revealed a statistically significant difference (P<0.001) indicating a placebo effect. It is concluded that this study design has a marked placebo effect. Both pre‐treatment with 2 mg SCG delivered by pressurized aerosol and 20 mg delivered by Spinhaler is superior to placebo in conferring protection against exercise‐induced asthma (EIA). No bronchodilating effect was seen in the first 15 m

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb02559.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY