摘要:

SummaryContinuing study for a second year and further analysis of a double‐blind placebo controlled trial, already briefly reported, of injections of tyrosine‐adsorbed, glutaraldehyde‐modifiedDermatophagoides pteronyssinusantigen in fifty‐one children with perennial asthma and positive bronchial challenge to the antigen, confirms that the patients receiving the treatment reduced their symptomatic medication more than controls, without deterioration of symptoms. Some became symptom‐free, when off all treatment.A double‐blind placebo controlled trial of continuing treatment for a second year gave evidence of deterioration when the treatment was stopped.Within the treatment group, the improvement was associated with loss of late (6 hr) reaction to bronchial provocation with the antigen, but was not associated with change of immediate (20 min) reaction in lungs or skin. Those who improved in the placebo group did not lose their late reaction.There was a trend for similar benefit from active treatment in the control group, during the second year, though less than in the original active group, and only one lost his late reaction.Only one of the six children with very severe early onset asthma improved.Local reactions to either active or placebo (tyrosine) were seen in half the patients; these were mild and did not influence the treatment. Systemic symptoms occurred shortly after four active injections and after two placebo injections; only one patient stopped th

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02200.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySuccessful hyposensitization toDermatophagoides pteronyssinusin perennial childhood asthma was associated with a slight mean rise of serum IgG antibody to the mite antigen in contrast to a placebo group in whom this antibody fell slightly. No relationship was detected between the effect on asthma and the magnitude of this change, Nor was there any consistent effect on IgE or IgA antibody.There was a wide range of total serum IgE and IgE, IgG and IgA antibody toD. pteronyssinusbefore treatment; this level did not predict the effect of treatment. Some patients lacked IgA antibody.IgE antibody to timothy grass pollen was raised in some but not others. These levels did not change systematically during the study and improvement occurred in those who had this antibody as well as IgE antibody toD. pteronyssinus.IgG and IgE antibodies toD. pteronyssinuswere significantly correlated in the pre‐treatment samples.Lymphocyte thymidine uptake was lower after 8 weeks of treatment than in the control group, not only after stimulus withD. pteronyssinusantigen,in vitro, but also with antigen fromCandida albicans.This was not a serum effect.The late bronchial provocation response was lost only in those with serum IgA less than the log mean for ag

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02201.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe prevalence of atopic disease in tropical populations is often considered to be low, and this has been attributed to an immunological modulating effect of intestinal helminthiasis. We, however, report that the frequency of positive allergic history and skin‐test reactivity to groups of major environmental allergens is extremely high (43 and 63% respectively) in children in Caracas, Venezuela (Lat. 10°N).These values were statistically significantly greater than in a group of children with a similar age and sex distribution studied in parallel, but having limited or no contact with a tropical environment (29 and 37% respectively). The two groups differed with respect to the sporadic and light intestinal helminthic infections (such as ascariasis) experienced by the Venezuelans, compared to rare contact in the ‘non‐tropical’ group. This was probably the cause of the increased total serum IgE levels of the former children (369vs68 iu/ml), and possibly, therefore, their higher allergic re

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02202.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryBronchial epithelial damage occurs regularly in bronchial asthma, but it is not known whether such damage occurs in the mucosa of nasal polyps. We obtained nasal polyp tissues from thirty patients and we examined these tissues for evidence of epithelial damage. Immediately after resection, polyp tissue was fixed in Karnovsky's fixative, embedded in methacrylate and stained with Giemsa pH 6‐5. Normal nasal tissue from eight patients undergoing nasal septal reconstruction was similarly processed. As a disease control, we examined tissue from eight patients with nasal polyps associated with cystic fibrosis. Tissues were viewed by microscopy and epithelial damage was expressed as the percent of surface involved. Twenty‐eight of the thirty patients with idiopathic nasal polps (93%) showed complete loss of nasal mucosa in varying degrees (range 3‐81% of surface; mean, 29%). All patients showed evidence of some epithelial damage, either complete loss or marked desquamation (range 9‐99% of surface; mean 54%). In contrast, six of eight biopsies from patients undergoing septal reconstruction and five of eight nasal polyps from patients with cystic fibrosis showed little or no evidence of epithelial damage. The results indicate that nasal polyps regularly show evidence of epithelial damage similar to that seen in bronchial asthma, and this abnormality may partly explain the rhinorrhea which is prominently associated with nasal

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02203.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe climatic conditions of the Mediterranean area results in vegetation and pollen very different from that of the other parts of Europe. The pollen content of the atmosphere of Montpellier, southern France, was examined using a filter sampler which was shown to be more efficient than most of the current devices for air sampling. Pollen counts were subsequently compared with pollinosis of patients born and living in and around Montpellier. The mean annual pollen counts showed that grass pollens and Cupressaceae pollens (cypress and juniper) are the highest. Some Mediterranean pollens (Oleaceae, London plane,Parietaria) are also important. Plantain and oak pollens are also present in relatively large amounts.Grass pollen allergy was found to be present in 86.5% of pollen‐allergic patients. It was followed by plantain,Parietaria, Oleaceae, London plane and Cupressaceae pollens which were allergenic in 13‐36% of pollen‐allergic patients. Oak and pine pollens were present in large quantities in the counts but few persons were sensitive to oak and none to pine. By contrast, some patients had positive skin tests to alfalfa, red clover, acacia and lime tree pollens though these pollens were almost absent from the counts. In a few cases local sources of these pollens could account for the positive skin tests but cross‐sensitivities could also occur. In summary, pollinosis of the Northern Mediterranean area is intermediate between the southern part of the area and the other parts of

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02204.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryBreast milk cell culture supernatants from atopic mothers (nineteen) were compared by ELISA with normal breast‐feeding controls (twenty‐one) for regulation of cord blood lymphocyte IgA and IgE secretionin vitro.A minority of atopic (five out of nineteen) and normal (three out of twenty‐one) cell supernatants stimulated cord blood lymphocyte IgA release to the same extent. The others were inactive. Stimulation was not related to breast milk cells donor atopic history or cord blood lymphocyte atopic heredity.In contrast, 70% of atopic milk cell supernatants stimulated cord blood lymphocyte cultures to form IgE (x± s.d. = 2070 ± 2240 pg/culture) while stimulatory supernatants (24%) from normal donors resulted in less lymphocyte IgE release (x ± s.d. = 680 ± 490 pg/culture) (P<0.001). These differences did not correlate with breast milk cell supernatant IgE concentrations, cord blood donor serum IgE levels or atopic

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02205.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn a series of 102 patients consulting for allergic reactions following hymenoptera sting, fifty‐two of them, who had experienced one or more severe systemic adverse reactions were selected for rush immunotherapy.The method employed made it possible to attain the maintenance dose of 100 μg of venom in 3 days. Patient tolerance was excellent, no serious side‐effect was observed; immunotherapy never had to be stopped. Clinical effectiveness seems to be very satisfactory, since no abnormal reaction was reported in seven patients who later were spontaneously stung, and in fourteen patients who received an induced insect sting. The level of IgG antivenom antibodies rose regularly from the first month onwards to remain at a stable level.Because of its safety and effectiveness, it appears that this method should be recommended for immunotherapy in patients who are allergic to hymenoptera st

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02206.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryGastrointestinal permeability was investigated in twenty‐two children on two occasions, before and after treatment with sodium cromoglycate. The children were between 8 and 10 years old; half of them were classified as allergic according to history and laboratory tests, and half of them as healthy. The 6‐hr urinary recovery of different‐sized polyethyleneglycols (PEG 400 and PEG 1000) in combination with a mathematical model was used to assess the intestinal permeability barrier.No significant differences were seen in the first PEG test between healthy and allergic children, although those with gastrointestinal allergy showed a slightly lower, and those with other allergies a slightly higher recovery of the smaller PEGs than seen in the healthy individuals. After treatment with sodium cromoglycate. however, there was a significant decrease in uptake by allergic children, which could indicate that the permeability properties had returned to normal.The PEG method offers a simple, harmless and reproducible method to measure intestinal permeability properties. The change in permeability observed after sodium cromoglycate corresponds well with the clinical experience of usefulness of the drug in some children with food al

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02207.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAs unusually high frequency of decreased haptoglobin levels in patients with asthma and/or rhinitis is described. The condition is significantly associated with haptoglobin 2‐2 phenotype. Decreased haptoglobin levels are more frequently associated with young age, atopic antecedents, positive skin tests for pollens, higher IgE and higher RAST activity for pollens and housedust mite.Whether the association of decreased haptoglobin levels and IgE‐mediated. respiratory disease has a physiopathological significance or is solely the expression of a common genetic determinate remains to be investiga

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02208.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA rapid ELISA was developed for the detection of specific IgG againstMicropolyspora faeniandThermoactinomyces vulgarisand compared with counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) in twenty‐seven patients with suspected farmer's lung disease (FLD). Seventeen patients had precipitins toM. faeniorT. vulgarisor both, and ten had no precipitins. The optimum conditions for each step in the ELISA were determined: pre‐equilibration of reagents at 370C and vigorous agitation during incubation enabled the total test time required for the procedure to he reduced to 4 hr. A serum dilution of 10‐fold produced good differentiation between CIE‐positive and ‐negative sera. Little correlation was seen between CIE and ELISA for eitherM. faeniorT. vulgarisantigens in tests with sera from patients with precipitins: high readings were often recorded in ELISA where no precipitins had been detected with the same antigen. Positive‐ negative discrimination of unknown sera in ELISA was achieved through the inclusion of CIE‐positive and ‐negative reference sera in each test run. Thirteen CIE‐positive sera were classed as positive in ELISA with theM. faeniantigen while eight of thirteen CIE‐positive sera were positive in ELISA with theT. vulgarisantigen. For both antigens, four CIE‐negative sera were recorded

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02209.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY