摘要:

SummaryEight subjects induced bronchospasm by free‐range running. Four of these demonstrated a hue response at 5‐6 hr after exercise. When compared lo the other group of four subjects, who also developed an early response but no late response, the difference in FEV1at 5‐6 hr was highly statistically significant. Although the phenomenon is not universally manifest it should no longer be held that there is no late response in exercise‐induced

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02210.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThirty extrinsic asthmatics were challenged by inhalation withDermatophagoides pteronyssinusextract. In twenty‐four an immediate reaction was observed and in sixteen this was followed by a late reaction. Those with late reactions tended to have more severe asthma but did not report greater sensitivity to housedust mite. The occurrence of a late reaction was not related to the degree of airways obstruction before challenge or to the intensity of the immediate reaction. Patients in whom the early reaction was induced by a low dose of inhaled antigen were those most likely to develop a late response. Results of histamine challenge testing suggested that this greater sensitivity of the airway might in part be due to greater non‐specific bronchial reactiv

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02211.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn an attempt to find a satisfactory combination of method and antigen extract for tests of hypersensitivity to housedust, variations of skin test, RAST, histamine release and basophil degranulation tests have been used to test efficacy of five commonly used extracts of housedust or its components.The Lincoln Multitest for skin prick tests in its present form induced too much trauma for type‐I hypersensitivity tests, though it has advantages for comparison of several extracts. Histamine release and two versions of basophil degranulation tests all gave good results but not consistently. RAST gave the best correlation between all extracts, but neither thein vivonorin vitrotests gave perfect concordance with sensitivity in all patients and all extract

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02212.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA worker developed two episodes of severe asthma 90 min after cut ting a polyurethane plate made of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) using a rapidly turning carbide blade. Intradermal skin testing with MDI‐human serum albumin (MDI‐HSA) andp‐tolyl isocyanate‐HSA (p‐TMI‐HSA) were positive at 0.002 mg/ml. Control subjects showed no reaction at 2 mg/ml. Bronchial provocations of the worker with MDI‐HSA andp‐TMI‐HSA, made 1 year after the occupational asthmatic episode, were negative at 10 mg/ml. Bronchial reactivity to methacholine decreased toward normal during a 2‐year follow‐up. RAST using MDI‐HSA orp‐TM I‐HSA were strongly positive when compared with binding by sera from atopic controls which contained the same amount of total IgE. RAST titres decreased during a 1‐year follow‐up. In the MDI‐HSA RAST, inhibition studies indicated specificity of antibodies for MDI‐HSA. In thep‐TMI‐HSA RAST.p‐TMI‐HSA was a very effective inhibitor whereas MDI‐HSA was not. These results indicated the formation of at least two distinct groups of IgE antibodies: those reactive with MDI. and those reactive withpJ‐TMI determinants. Guinea pigs immunized with MDI formed antibodies with specificities similar to those of the patient. We conclude that the worker had occupational asthma accompanied by the formation of specific IgE antibodies of the specificities. The causal relationship of the antibodi

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02213.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe immune response to honey bee venom in thirty‐seven bee keepers' sera was studied by several methods. Specific IgE antibody levels studied by RAST were generally low, whereas specific IgG antibody levels studied by a Sepharose protein A technique were high. Crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis was applied for a detailed analysis of the antibody specificities towards the different components of venom in seventeen of the bee keepers' sera. Significant amounts of IgG antibodies were found towards most bee‐venom components. The highest IgG response was directed towards phospholipase A. Hyaluronidase, acid phosphatase and two uncharacterized antigens also showed distinct IgG binding. The IgG binding to melittin was low. The IgE binding to the bee venom components was low and primarily directed to the phospholipase. IgE binding to hyaluronidase and acid phosphatase occurred, but was also in very small amounts. One bee‐keeper serum caused heavy radiostaining to melittin but the others did not show IgE binding to this component.Thus a low IgE but a high IgG response was demonstrated in bee keepers. The major immunogen was phospholipase A. which is known to be the major allergen in bee venom. Generally, the strongest IgG responses were found to the components capable of inducing the strongest IgE resp

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02214.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIntermittent sampling of the atmosphere 3 days/week over a 12‐month period using Andersen samplers in Cardiff, Wales, U.K. and St Louis, Missouri, U.S.A., indicated averageA. fumigatusspore concentrations of 13.5/m3in St Louis and 11.3/m3in Cardiff. Both sites showed seasonal variations with highest concentrations during winte

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02215.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo cases of bronchial asthma due to spiramycin in workers of a pharmaceutical factory are reported. The subjects complained of cough, breathlessness and symptoms of asthma at work when coming into contact with spiramycin's powder. The symptoms cleared when away from work for more than 3 or 4 days.Inhalation challenge tests by aerosolization of solutions of spiramycin reproduced asthmatic reactions dual in type in both patients, the immediate component of the response has not been previously described for this antibiotic.Furthermore, one of the patients developed an immediate asthmatic reaction also after inhalation of a solution of adipic acid, and additive to bind spiramycin and diminish its irritant action. The reaction was obtained at a non‐irritant concentration of the acid, was reproducible and inhibited by previous administration of sodium cromoglycate: this finding and the failure to elicit the reaction in the other patient suggest a hypersensitivity reaction to this substanc

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02216.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryGlucocorticoid hormones, which are widely used in the treatment of asthma, have been shown to potentiate physiological and biochemical beta‐adrenergic responsiveness in asthmatics. These effects are presumably mediated through glucocorticoid receptors. In order to better understand glucocorticoid pharmacology in asthmatics, we assayed glucocorticoid receptors by directly binding a radioactively labelled glucocorticoid hormone, dexamethasone, to intact lymphocytes prepared from the peripheral blood of asthmatics and control subjects. Binding studies were performed with dexamethasone at 100 nmand 5 nmconcentrations. At 100 nmdexamethasone, the mean number of lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors (per cell) in control subjects (7191 ± 385.n= 9) was not significantly different from that in asthmatic subjects (7772±437,n =9). At 5 nmdexamethasone, the mean number of glucocorticoid receptors in control subjects (1177 ± 194,n= 5) was not significantly different from that in asthmatic subjects (1215 ± 108.n= 8). At 100 nmdexamethasone, males had significantly more receptors (7939 ± 360.n= 11) than females (6764 ± 72,n= 7). Our results suggest that the number of lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors and the apparent affinity of dexamethasone for receptors are not related to the presence or severity of asthma; however, a significant sex effect exists which should be corrected for in future studies of lymphocyte glucocorticoid re

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02217.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA new solid‐phase immunoassay based on the biotin/avidin system (BAS) for measuring scrumLolium perenne(LP)‐specific IgE antibody is described. LP‐specific IgE was assayed by the BAS assay and RAST for comparison in the sera of thirty‐two normal asymptomatic subjects R AST‐negative for LP and of twenty‐six subjects with hay fever and R AST‐positive for LP. The specificity of the BAS assay for LP‐specific IgE was demonstrated by absorption experiments. An overall agreement of 91% (53/58) was observed between the BAS and RAST and a high correlation (r= 0.87.P<0.001) was found between the LP‐specific IgE determined by the two methods. The advantages of ihe BAS assay as compared to both the RAST and classical EL

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02218.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryRelationships between cutaneous and bronchial responses to allergen were examined in nineteen atopic asthmatics. Allergen inhalation tests elicited an isolated early asthmatic response (EAR) in ten subjects and a dual asthmatic response (DAR) in nine subjects. Ragweed IgE RAST, performed with the sera of those patients tested with ragweed antigen, yielded higher values in all but one patient who experienced DAR than any of the patients with EAR. In one patient with annual symptoms in the ragweed season, positive skin tests with ragweed antigen and DAR to inhaled ragweed extracts, the IgE RAST was entirely negative and the serum IgE concentration was low. Dilutions of the allergen used in each individual for inhalation were also used in skin‐prick tests. Early cutaneous allergic response (ECAR) mean wheal diameters were obtained at 10 min and late cutaneous allergic response (LCAR) mean diameters at 6‐8 hr. Early asthmatic response (EAR) subjects differed modestly from DAR subjects in the relationships between ECAR and LCAR; in the EAR group, a significantly larger wheal diameter (P<0.01) was required before an LCAR ensued, however there was some overlap. Once LCAR developed, there was no difference between EAR and DAR groups in the magnitude of the LCAR. There was a trend (not significant) towards a requirement for a higher antigen concentration in the EAR group to elicit an LCAR.In conclusion, correlates of an isolated EAR from inhaled antigen include: (i) a low positive IgE RAST result with the antigen, (ii) ECAR 6 mm or greater with the antigen which does not proceed to a LCAR, and (iii) a high concentration of antigen is needed in skin tests to elicit an LCAR. Correlates of a DAR include:(i) a high IgE RAST result with the antigen, (ii) an ECAR wheal diameter less than 5 mm with the antigen proceeds to a LCAR, and (iii) a low antigen concentration in skin tests elicits an LCAR.The observed correspondence between the tendency to late skin and late airway responses is evidence of a common immunologic ba

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02219.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY