摘要:

SummaryAn epidemiological study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of asthma in young urban and rural black (Xhosa) children. One thousand three hundred and seventy five children were studied, 694 from a Cape Town african township and 671 from a rural area in Transkei. The exercise tolerance test which required free range running at maximum effort for 6 min was used to identify asthmatic subjects. A fall of 15% or more in the post‐exercise FEV1and PEFR values was regarded as a positive result. Twenty‐three children were found to be asthmatic, twenty‐two from the city area, but only one from the country, giving a prevalence figure for asthma of 3.17% in the first group and 0.14% for the second. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed.The exercise tolerance test was found to be a useful tool for epidemiological studies of a

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1979.tb02489.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA whole population survey was performed in Addu Atoll, southern Maldives to establish the prevalence of bronchial asthma. Assessments of atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis and intestinal infestation were made, and serum specific IgE titres to a number of allergens were measured. Asthma is a common condition in the southern Maldives, and there is no evidence that the IgE produced by intestinal helminths prevents the condition.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1979.tb02490.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySixty‐four asthmatics and seventy‐five control subjects from rural villages and various urban settings have been investigated. Rural asthmatics had a significantly higher IgE level than both urban asthmatics and village controls. Urban asthmatics had similar IgE levels to urban controls. There was no relationship between IgE levels and the results of skin tests for asthma allergens. Stool parasites were found as frequently in asthmatics as in controls. Our findings do not support the theory that parasitic infestation, high IgE levels or rural living protect from ast

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1979.tb02491.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA group of ninety‐five infants was followed from birth to one year of age, and the total serum IgE concentration was studied. The infants were fed on breast milk, home‐prepared cow's milk formula, or proprietary infant milk formula. Solid foods were introduced at 3.5 months of age. The breast milk group had lower IgE than the cow's milk group up to 4 months of age, i.e. until the end of exclusive milk feeding. The formula group had intermediate IgE values. The difference was not due to the presence of IgE antibodies to cow's milk in the bottle‐fed infants, since no such antibodies could be detected. After the introduction of solid foods the differences between the groups disappeared. Our data suggest that exclusive breast milk feeding can reduce total serum IgE concentration in early infancy. Reference values for unselected infants and for infants with no atopic manifestations are rep

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1979.tb02492.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryForty‐eight children with a biparental history of atopic disease were followed from birth to 4 years of age. One group was fed soy and the other cow's milk from weaning to 9 months of age. Two‐thirds of the children developed symptoms of atopic disease with no significant difference between the groups. No difference was found in the serum immunoglobulins (IgE antibodies, IgA, IgG and IgM) during the observation period. The soy fed children showed transiently lower levels of IgG antibodies to cow's milk but higher levels of IgG antibodies to soy protein. Six children showed cow's milk intolerance and a further five had symptoms possibly related to the use of cow's milk. Withholding cow's milk during the first 9 months did not reduce the incidence of symptoms of cow's milk intolerance from birth to 4 years of age. Thus, no benefit was found from replacing cows' milk with soy. A prolonged breast feeding seems most rational for infants at risk of developing atopic disease, even if the present study did not show evidence of a prophylactic effect of breast milk against the development of atopic dise

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1979.tb02493.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryELISA has emerged as a useful alternative to other more costly and complex tests. Polystyrene microhaemagglutination plates have been used as solid phase to absorbAspergillus fumigatusprotein and polysaccharide components for detection of specific antibodies in patients with various forms of pulmonary aspergillosis. IgG and IgE antibodies to the polysaccharide as well as the protein allergens have been found. For the IgE test a double antibody technique has been developed, which is more sensitive than the conventional indirect ELISA.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1979.tb02494.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAn orally absorbed mast cell stabiliser (BRL‐10833) has been compared with placebo in a double‐blind controlled trial in twenty‐five patients with ulcerative colitis; patients received each treatment for one month. There was no significant clinical improvement in symptoms or sigmoidoscopic findings with the drug but there was significant improvement in the histological appearance of rectal biopsies during active trea

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1979.tb02495.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAllergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis might be less frequent in North America because the incidence of immediate sensitivity by asthmatics toA. fumigatusis less. In order to check this hypothesis, 200 asthmatics were skin tested with two extracts ofA. fumigatuswhich had been shown to produce positive reactions in fifty patients who had allergic aspergillosis. Of the asthmatics, 21.5% reacted to the commercial extract by prick testing and 39% by intradermal testing. Using an extract kindly provided by Professor Pepys, 19.5% reacted to a concentration of 1 mg/ml and 31.5% to 10 mg/ml. By the prick method, 21.5% reacted to both extracts. Specific IgE was measured with one of the extracts and a good correlation (r= 0.48) was found with the size of the prick reaction. The increase in specific IgE was reflected in the increase of total IgE (r= 0.84). The authors conclude that the incidence of immediate sensitivity toA. fumigatusin asthmatic patients in North America is at least equal to that found in the U.K.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1979.tb02496.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOne hundred and nineteen patients who had a generalized reaction to a bee sting and who subsequently had a history of being re‐stung before desensitization were studied. The reaction, in these 119 patients was as follows: 44.5% had an improved grade of reaction, 42.9% had the same grade of reaction and 12.6% had a worse grade of reaction. Of these 119 patients, 39.5% had only a local reaction to their re‐sting. Those patients who were re‐stung within 2 weeks (anergic period) or over 5 years after a generalized reaction to a sting had significantly improved response. Results of pretreatment RAST to venoms of hornet, yellow jacket, wasp, honey bee and to phospholipase A appeared to correlate with the clinical signs and symptoms of the previous sting in 75% of

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1979.tb02497.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryCat epithelial extract was coupled with chromic chloride to red cells and used as an antigen in a haemagglutination assay. Agglutinins coexisted with IgE type antibodies in 44% of patients with respiratory allergy and sensitivity to cat dander but occurred in only 1% of asthmatic patients sensitized to other allergens or in controls. The agglutinins were detected in six out of 104 cat fanciers, and three of those with agglutinins had asthma. The agglutinins were of IgG type and were heterogeneous in specificity.

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1979.tb02498.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY