ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02356.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02357.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA new method for determining IgE antibodies on mucosal surfaces has been developed with the purpose of overcoming the main problems of nasal secretion sampling and standardization. The method is based on the principle of performing the incubation of the solid‐phase coupled allergen with IgE antibody directly on the mucosal surface by means of a proper applicator. About two times higher values of specific IgE have been obtained with 5 min incubation on septal mucosa, behind the internal ostium, than with 3 hrin‐vitroincubation with native secretion. In a study of 53 children with allergic rhinitis and asthma and 10 healthy non‐atopic controls the sensitivity and specificity of this new method were evident. Because of its reliability and easy execution the new method could be widely used in diagnosis of allergic disease. Further, it seems to offer a good opportunity to study the IgE‐mediated reaction in the target organ more exte

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02358.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThein‐vitroproliferative reaction of peripheral blood lymphocytes (measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation) to autologous pokeweed mitogen (PWM)‐induced lymphoblasts (PWM‐lymphoblast‐stimulated autologous mixed leucocyte reaction, PWM.AMLR) was used as a measure of immune hyperreactivity for comparison of atopic with non‐atopic individuals. Accordingly, 10/24 non‐atopics responded in the PWM.AMLR, and 19/19 atopics reacting to inhaled allergens responded. Autologous stimulation was associated with release of mitogenic factors from the PWM‐activated stimulating cells (2/15 non‐atopics, 9/15 atopics). For non‐atopics, stimulation delivered by staphylococcus A (SAC)‐activated cells was similar to that delivered by PWM‐induced cells, while in atopics, the SAC.AMLR was never more than 50% of the PWM.AMLR, indicating a possible T cell component. Separation by panning of the stimulation cells into lymphocyte subsets supported the notion that stimulation involved a cooperation between B and T4+T cells. It is proposed that a positive PWM.AMLR is dependent upon an initial B cell activation followed by the PWM stimulus dependent upon a previous T cell activation, where atopics have more lymphocytes in an activated state than healthy non‐atopics. Such a baseline priming may contribute to an innate sensitivity of atopics to

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02359.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryBronchial responsiveness to methacholine (PD20FEV1) was assessed in 22 asthmatic subjects approximately 5 days prior to bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). A PD20FFV1could not be attained in 20 matched controls with normal pulmonary function. BAL was performed in all subjects, 3 ± 60 ml aliquots of buffered saline being Introduced into a segment of the middle lobe and immediately aspirated into siliconized glassware at 4°C. After filtration, cells were counted, and the cell pellet resuspended in medium 199. Cytospin slides were prepared and a differential cell count performed. Lymphocyte subsets were identified by labelling further cytospin preparation with specific monoclonal antibodies (Leu series) against T3, T4, T8 and B cell markers, followed by a fluorescent antibody marker. The slides were coded, and 100 lymphocytes were then randomly scanned for fluorescence on each cytospin preparation. The median total lymphocyte counts were significantly greater in the asthmatic subjects, but this increase was confined to the T cell subgroups. The mean T4/T8 ratio was similar in asthmatic (1.51) and control (1.45) subjects. Log PD20FFV1correlated positively with total lymphocyte counts (r= 0.42,P<0.05), and with total T8 counts (r= 0.60,P<0.05). Correlations between bronchial responsiveness and T3, T4 and B lymphocyte numbers all failed to reach significance, and there was no correlation with T4/T8 ratios. The increase in BAL lymphocyte counts in asthma appears to be due loan absolute increase in T cell subsets, especially the T8 lymphocyte subgroup, and is most marked in mild asthmatic

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02360.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn order to determine whether treatment with ketotifen inhibits asthmatic reactions induced by toluene di‐isocyanate (TDI), we studied six sensitized subjects with previously demonstrated dual or late asthmatic reaction after inhalation challenge with TDI. Ketotifen (1 mg b.i.d., orally) or placebo was administered for 7 days to the examined subjects, according to a double‐blind, cross‐over, placebo‐controlled study design. When the subjects were treated with either ketotifen or placebo, FEV1markedly decreased after exposure to TDI. These results suggest that the anti‐asthmatic agent ketotifen is not effective in TDI‐induced asthma and suggest that it should not be used in the prophylaxis of asthmatic reactions induced by TDI in sensitiz

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02361.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe antigens present in an extract of dog hair and dander were examined by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) and the IgE‐binding allergens by crossed radio‐immunoelectrophoresis (CRIE), respectively, using sera from 60 British and Finnish animal‐allergic subjects. The extract was comprised of a minimum of 28 antigens, 11 of which were common to dog serum. IgE antibody in the sera of the dog‐sensitive patients bound to 21 of the 28 antigens at varying frequencies and intensities. Binding of any intensity occurred most frequently to two serum proteins: antigen 23 (IgG) binding IgE in 88% of cases, and antigen 3 (dog serum albumin, DSA) in 77% of cases. Dander antigen 8 bound in 63% and antigen 1 in 42% of the sera. Strong IgE binding, however, was most commonly associated with dander antigen 8 followed by antigens 1 and 23 (IgG) then 3 (DSA). The ranking of the antigens as allergens was similar for the two populations except that DSA was more important for the British than for the Finnish s

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02362.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAllergenic components ofCandida albicansfractionated by SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes were identified using sera from 30 asthmatic patients who showed positive skin test and RAST (radio‐allergosorbent test) toC. albicans.The IgE‐binding yeast components in the complex antigen preparation were then detected by reaction with enzyme‐labelled anti‐human IgE antibodies. They were confirmed by Coomassie blue R‐250 staining of the membrane to visualize all protein bands after reaction with the enzyme substrate. The IgE‐binding patterns of the sera tested were heterogeneous, displaying a total of 16 identifiable components with molecular weights ranging from 20 to 94 kD. A 40 kD component showed the highest IgE‐binding frequency, being recognized by 23 (77%) of the 30 sera examined. The other 15 allergenic components identified were recognized by less than 25% of the sera tested. Only two of the 30 serum samples contained IgE antibodies reactive with seven to eight allergenic components. Ten of the 30 sera reacted with only one allergenic component, and the remaining serum samples recognized two to five of the 16 identified allergens. Results described in this study are applicable to allergen standardization work and provide a basis for further study on the role ofC. albicansin c

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02363.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryChanges in local skin blood flow after prick‐tests with histamine and allergen challenge were evaluated using laser doppler flowmetry. Two series of measurements were performed; each included 11 subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis. In the first series vascular reactions were registered intermittently for a period of 6 hr. This was then repeated with additional registrations after 14 and 24 hr. Registrations were made in the skin close to where the test substances were applied which was in the area of the initial weal reaction. Pre‐loaded skin‐prick test needles were used for the histamine and allergen tests. Controls using ‘blank’ needles were also set on the same occasion. The control induced a transient increase in blood flow which had disappeared after 1 hr. After histamine challenge, the initial rapid increase in blood flow was followed by a slow return to baseline within 1 hr, and no further changes were noticed during the registration period. A different blood flow response was seen after the application of allergen. After an initial increase, the blood flow remained at this higher level for more than 6 hr. Thereafter a slow decrease towards baseline was seen within 24 hr. The pronounced difference between the histamine‐ and allergen‐induced responses in the later part of the registrations after similar initial peak responses indicates that actions other than an initial burst of released histamine are responsible for the changes in dermal blood flow observed after allergen. Furthermore, our results suggest that an allergen challenge induces a continuous change in blood flow for up to 24 hr, rather than a biphasic response, in only some subjects which might be suspected from the visual reappearance of redness and induration of the skin which characterizes a dermal late

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02364.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo studies were made to determine the acaricidal and allergen reducing properties of Allersearch DMS solution. In Study 1, samples of dust and carpet containing living mites were treated,in vitro, with DMS solution. No living mites were found in dust after3–4 min or in carpets 50 min after treatment. In Study 2, mite counts and allergen estimation made on bed blankets before and after spraying with DMS solution showed a marked reduction in mite numbers (95%) and allergenicity (100‐fold). Mite numbers and allergenicity stayed at this low level for 6 weeks. At 16 weeks both mites and allergens showed a slight increase, but were still significantly (P<0.001) below pretreatment lev

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02365.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY