ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02424.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryUsing anin‐vitrotest, the presence of formaldehyde‐specific IgE antibodies was investigated in sera from four groups of individuals exposed to formaldehyde by different routes and concentrations. Group (A) 28 subjects living or working in rooms or places where formaldehyde‐containing construction materials were used: (B) 18 subjects occupationally exposed to relatively high concentrations of formaldehyde; (C) 12 paramedic employees working in a renal dialysis unit where formaldehyde‐sterilized dialysers were being used; and (D) 28 subjects undergoing haemodialysis with these formatdehyde‐sterilized dialysers. Formaldehyde‐specific IgE antibodies could be detected in only one of the 86 serum samples. This particular sample was from a worker occupationally exposed to formaldehyde (group (B)), but who did not show any work‐related symptoms. In two pools of control sera from unexposed subjects no specific IgE antibodies to formaldehyde were detected. It is concluded that exposure to formaldehyde, even in relatively high concentrations, rarely evokes the production of specific IgE antibodies. The presence of these specific antibodies is not necessarily attended by allergic symptoms. On the other hand, the symptoms supposed to be related to formaldehyde exposure and reported in this study by 24 out of 28 subjects in group (A), and some of the subjects in groups (B) and (C), cannot be attributed to an IgE‐mediated sensitization

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02425.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe effect of terfenadine on histamine release from human basophils and LTC4production and release from human eosinophils was evaluated. Eosinophils and basophils were obtained by discontinuous gradient centrifugation of the peripheral blood of atopic asthma patients who were off medication. Anti‐IgE‐induced histamine release from human basophils was significantly inhibited by terfenadine. Maximum inhibition was obtained at 1 × 10–5mterfenadine (percentage inhibition = 57.0 ± 20.1;P<0.05). However, only the highest dose of terfenadine used in this study, i.e. 2 × 10–5m, significantly inhibited calcium ionophore (A23I87)‐induced histamine release from human basophils (percentage inhibition = 40.0 ± 14.6;P<0.05), and LTC4production from human eosinophils (percentage inhibition = 59.8 ± 9.9;P<0.05. These findings demonstrate that terfenadine, in addition to its known antihistaminic property, also has an inhibitory effect on chemical me

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02426.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn a 12‐week double‐blind, group comparative trial, preceded by a 2‐week baseline period, 38 asthmatic subjects of mixed aetiology and varying severity received either 4 mg nedocromil sodium by metered dose inhaler twice a day or a matching placebo preparation, in addition to their existing maintenance therapy of inhaled corticosteroids plus inhaled bronchodilators. Asthma severity and lung function were assessed at 4‐weekly clinic visits, and symptomatology (morning tightness, daytime asthma, cough, night‐time asthma), morning, afternoon and evening PEFR, and the use of inhaled bronchodilators were recorded on daily diary cards. Treatment with nedocromil sodium led to significant (P<0.05) improvements in clinic assessment of FEV1and PEFR both before and after an inhaled bronchodilator from at least the eighth week onwards. Mid‐study FVC was also significantly (P<0.05) improved. Daily PEFR increased throughout the study in the nedocromil sodium‐treated subjects and the diurnal variation was reduced. Daily symptom severity was also reduced and these improvements occurred despite the similar or slightly reduced use of inhaled bronchodilators. However, none of these improvements in diary card parameters reached statistical significance. By the final week of the study subjects treated with nedocromil sodium predominantly had a mild form of asthma or no symptoms at all, and both patients and clinicians reported the effectiveness of nedocromil sodium; the subjects but not the clinicians finding it significantly more effective (P<0.05) than placebo. Nedocromil sodium was well tolerated although one patient was withdrawn owing to a persistent sore throat after 7 weeks

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02427.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryConjunctival provocation tests (CPT) were performed in 65 respiratory allergic patients, 24 of them with a clinical history of allergic conjunctivitis and 41 who had never complained of allergic conjunctivitis, to assess the role of the conjunctiva as a target organ. The usefulness of CPT and RAST to identify symptom‐related and symptom‐unrelated allergen in 51 patients sensitized to two allergens but only symptomatic to one of them was also studied. Conjunctiva was found to react in a similar way to skin in patients with and without clinical conjunctivitis. CPT was positive for both symptom‐related and symptom‐unrelated allergens in 33 of the 51 pluri‐sensitized patients. Nevertheless, in the 18 patients showing positive CPT to only one allergen, agreement with clinical data was generally found. Thus CPT appears to be a useful test in the evaluation of atopic sensitization in patients reactive to a single allergen, but not in the identification of clinically relevant allergens in individuals who are skin or RAST positive to multip

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02428.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA number of food additives and industrial chemicals, responsible for inducing symptoms of intolerance in some individuals, have been studied in tests measuring platelet activation by noradrenaline. All the investigated agents inhibited platelet aggregation and this was associated with inhibition of the cyclo‐oxygenase‐thromboxane pathway. Suboptimal inhibitory concentrations of the agents studied had additive inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation when they were tested in pairs, or when tested with salicylate or aspirin. The results support the theory that some food additives and industrial chemicals induce intolerance because of their aspirin‐like prope

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02429.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryNinety‐one subjects suffering from chronic or recurrent urticaria or recurrent angioedema of 2 months to 17 yr duration were skin‐prick and scratch tested with 18 various food additives. Twenty‐four of the subjects (26%) had at least one histamine equivalent skin test (ST) reaction. In contrast, only 24 (10%) of 247 non‐urticaria control subjects showed comparable results. An oral provocation test with food additives was carried out on 10 of the 24 ST‐positive subjects with urticaria or angioedema, but only one positive reaction, caused by benzoic acid, was recorded. All 91 subjects were advised to follow an additive‐free diet. The effect of the diet was investigated with a retrospective postal survey. Twenty‐three ST‐positive subjects returned the questionnaire, 18 had followed the diet, and 16 (89%) of these 18 had experienced marked relief of their symptoms. Correspondingly, 42 of the 47 ST‐negative subjects had followed the diet, and 17 (40%) had improved. The difference was significant (P<0.05). Our results suggest that skin tests with food additives can be used to measure skin hyperreactivity and that they may have a predictive value in identifying patients who will respond to an a

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02430.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn an attempt to understand the role of the different IgG subclasses in allergic disease, we have studied the subclass of IgG antibody to dust mite (HDM) and grass pollen (GP) produced as a result of natural exposure. Studies were carried out on 40 atopic children and 100 atopic adults who had never received immunotherapy. Thirty‐two non‐atopic adult controls were also studied. The specificity of the assay for IgG antibodies to dust mite was confirmed by inhibition with the homologous extract but not mite culture medium or fetal calf serum. IgG1antibodies to HDM could be detected in most atopics (94%) and non‐atopics (97%), and similar results were obtained for GP (81% and 100%, respectively). IgG4antibodies to HDM were detected in more atopics (66%) than non‐atopics (53%) and the difference was more marked for GP (72% vs. 19%). While the levels of IgG1antibodies were not significantly different in the two groups, the levels of IgG4antibodies were much lower in the non‐atopics (P<0.001, Mann–WhitneyU‐test). These data show that all subjects were capable of recognizing and mounting an IgG1antibody response to these inhaled antigens. Atopic individuals differed from normal subjects in the frequency with which they made IgG4antibodies in response to natural exposure to both dust mit

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02431.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02432.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0954-7894    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1989.tb02433.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY