摘要:

The social‐anthropological studies of “Yankee City” by W. Lloyd Warner are reconsidered, with concentration on his taxonomy of symbolic activities. Several of Warner's central analytic foci are reviewed and applied to a modern context. The American Revolution Bicentennial is characterized as a societal‐level symbolic observance, directly analogous to civil ceremonies in Yankee City. Three major themes from Warner's studies of that community's symbolic life—types of symbolism, socializational effects of symbolism, and rhetorical persuasion—are analyzed with regard to the Bicentennial observance. Illustrative data provide some conceptual and empirical support for the generalizability of Warner's taxonomy to other civil religiou

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1982.tb01254.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Several studies have revealed the growing popularity of astrology columns, which has brought astrology to a mass level never in its long history enjoyed before. The widespread exposure of astrology columns in newspapers and magazines is studied in the present research, according to the “uses and gratifications” approach originally developed by mass communication scholars, in an attempt to reveal the need gratified by them. Using different anxiety scales and measures of horoscope usage–exposure, regularity, and acceptance—the possible sets of relations between anxiety level, fatalism, and horoscope use are tested following the log‐linear procedure. The results only partially confirm the hypothesis: exposure and regularity of readership are shown to be significantly related to several anxiety dimensions, while acceptance of horoscope predictions is related to locus of control, but not directly to anxiety. Finally, the compatibility of horoscopes to the readers' needs is analyzed by the elements of contents, social setting of exposure, and the medium's attributes. This study supports a claim of the uses and gratifications approach, which sees modern media encroaching upon older means of satisfaction of social and psychological needs. Fulfilling this function, horoscopes are the prophecies that n

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1982.tb01255.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper investigates the factors influencing the disposition of cases in juvenile courts. The factors considered are the prior record of the offender, the nature of the offense, the recommendation of the probation officer, and the age of the offender. These four factors are essential components of the juvenile justice system and as such are perceived to be crucial for the understanding of the court's decision.A multivariate analysis of the data is undertaken using the method of log‐linear analysis for hierarchical models. In contrast to other studies that have utilized the same method but with fewer variables, the model arrived at in the paper seems to be more accurate and suggests that while the offense and the prior criminal record are quite important factors, their influence on the disposition of cases is greatly bound by the age of the offender and the recommendation of the probation office

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1982.tb01256.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Although sociologists have studied for decades the process whereby citizens make emergency decisions in response to disaster warnings, very little attention has been given to understanding the role of ethnicity in this process. Data derived from fatality and injury counts following disasters, though sparse, documents that minority group citizens tend to suffer disproportionately high negative consequences in connection with the impact of disasters. On the basis of this information, it is inferred that differences exist between the emergency decision‐making processes of minority and majority citizens. This paper lays the theoretical groundwork for beginning to revise existing conceptual models of warning response behavior to more adequately address the variation associated with minority group status. This goal is accomplished through pursuing three general tasks: (1) examining the process through which personal emergency decisions are made, (2) delineating social factors which impinge upon the outcomes of this decision‐making process, and (3) integrating into an existing model of warning response behavior, additional variables which are related to minority sta

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1982.tb01257.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Karl Mannheim's intellectual career shows a consistent interest in the moral aim of keeping in productive tension individuality and social solidarity. For Mannheim the modern individual emerges from and is necessary to the continuance of a complex social process including differentiation, delocalization, abstraction, and democratization. Yet modern individuals surpass and may become subversive of the social conditions that nurture them, either through separation from society in the “bottomless individualism” of existential freedom or the submission to directionless crowd emotion. Once the individual has been released in society the only moral basis for solidarity is voluntary commitment, which Mannheim did not believe is a sufficient guarantor of society's survival because it does not provide unconditional backing for social norms. In his late work Mannheim feared that individuality would be effaced by technical manipulation of the mind, though he maintained the ideal that society should create strong individu

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1982.tb01258.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Most social science research routinely uses the “great dichotomy” (sex) as a variable to predict behavior, or as a variable to be statistically controlled when examining relationships among other variables. However, this practice is often theoretically unsound. The use of a crude nominal measure such as sex, moreover, often reduces the precision of statistical analysis. This paper argues that many studies could abandon the great dichotomy or augment it with the concept “masculinity‐femininity.” Data from a study on the relationship between delinquency and masculinity‐femininity support th

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1982.tb01259.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book Reviewed in this article:Practice&Progress: British Sociology, 1950–1980′. Edited by Philip Abrams, Rosemary Deem, Janet Finch, and Paul R

ISSN:0038-0245    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.1982.tb01260.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY