ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199024)11:4<320::AID-IMHJ2280110402>3.0.CO;2-K

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOur understanding of the etiology, pathophysiology, sequelae, incidence, and management of colic is hampered by the absence of a standard definition and accepted clinical criteria for colic. In this paper we distinguish colic from excessive crying and offer a set of criteria that can be used in clinical practice to determine if an infant has colic or excessive crying. We also discuss differences between colic and excessive crying from a developmental perspective, including biological and transactional components. We conclude that many components have long‐term consequences for the parent‐infant relationship, and we briefly consider some directions for colic managem

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199024)11:4<321::AID-IMHJ2280110403>3.0.CO;2-E

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInfantile colic is at the same time exasperating and also fascinating and gratifying. This is the point of view of a pediatric practitioner and researcher with over three decades of practical experience. Colic is exasperating because of the unpleasantness of the extensive crying and because of the inadequacies of much of the existing research and writing on the subject. It is fascinating for the researcher and observing clinician because it probably represents the earliest known example of a behavior problem resulting from a stressful parent‐child interaction. It is gratifying because of the opportunity for successful clinical intervention to help distressed families. This paper summarizes the evidence supporting these points and suggests ways to solve some of the remaining problems. No new data are introduced; rather, this is an attempt to put what is already known into a more useful perspectiv

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199024)11:4<334::AID-IMHJ2280110404>3.0.CO;2-1

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract“Colic” is an ill‐defined but common complaint typically thought to be a sign of an underlying disease process or a clinical entity distinct from the crying that characterizes normal infants. In this paper, an alternative hypothesis is suggested. The general argument is that colic represents the upper end of the spectrum of the crying activity of normal infants. However, it is not the case that all aspects of crying will be increased; rather, that the “excessive” crying in colic is due specifically toprolongedbouts of otherwise normal crying. The results of three studies in normal infants are presented to support this argument. Together, the results support the concept that the crying typical of normal infants reflects a biological predisposition to cry, which is nevertheless affected by sufficiently large changes in the caretaking environment, and that these caretaking changes preferentially affect bout length. If so, then the key to “colic” may be in understanding how biology and behavior interact to produce, not just crying, but prolonged

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199024)11:4<340::AID-IMHJ2280110405>3.0.CO;2-9

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe irritable crying that occurs in a cyclic fashion at the end of each day in 80% of infants between 3 and 12 weeks can be stressful for caring parents. In their efforts to alleviate the crying, they may add extra and anxious stimulation to the baby's already overloaded CNS. We studied this process in an effort to understand this period as a normal part of the 24‐hour sleep‐wake cycle of an immature nervous system. This period acts as a discharge phenomenon that helps to reorganize the overloaded CNS for the next 24 hours. Conveying my understanding to parents in the second or third week can act to prevent their anxious overreaction. Offering them support and a routine for extra carrying and soothing at this time can act as a prevention for “colic.” Colic or disordered crying in the small infant seems to be a psychosomatic disorder of parental anxiety added to the inevitable crying of a hypersensitive infant at the end of a period of coping with environmental

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199024)11:4<349::AID-IMHJ2280110406>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199024)11:4<357::AID-IMHJ2280110407>3.0.CO;2-I

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents a discussion of the issue of infant day care as a risk condition for later developmental problems. It focuses on the appropriateness of using a risk factor conceptualization for describing research on infant day care and on important research questions that have largely been ignored in recent discussions of the effects of infant day care experience on development. A number of criteria for assigning risk factor status to associational findings are discussed, and it is suggested that this approach does not seem justified with regard to the current research on infant day care. Several studies that have examined infants' actual experiences in day care settings and compared these to home‐reared infants' experiences are discussed as an example of important research that broadens our approach to understanding this complex issue. It is suggested that the discussion of research in this area return to the traditional terminology of associational findings rather than the narrow conceptualization of risk condition

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199024)11:4<358::AID-IMHJ2280110408>3.0.CO;2-C

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn his paper, Caruso argues that discussing early entrance into infant day care as a risk factor for later development is neither justified based on the current body of available research nor useful in directing future investigations. He suggests we should return to the use of associational terminology in reporting on infant day care. This paper addresses Caruso's interpretation of a risk factor conceptualization and suggests an alternative theoretical model within which to view the connections between early day care attendance, mother‐child attachment, and subsequent developmental problems. One major factor influencing the debate about risk status and infant day care is the significance different researchers attribute to outcomes of insecure attachment. This reply contends that the developmental consequences of early insecurity may be more detrimental to overall Actaptation than Caruso suggests. Further, whereas limiting the reading of research results to purely associational findings may lead to less ideological controversy, it may not be the best strategy for generating hypotheses regarding the interactive roles that varying early ecological environments and parent‐child relationship patterns may have on child developm

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199024)11:4<365::AID-IMHJ2280110409>3.0.CO;2-H

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199024)11:4<374::AID-IMHJ2280110410>3.0.CO;2-8

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199024)11:4<377::AID-IMHJ2280110411>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY