摘要:

AbstractRecent work demonstrates systematic variability in mothers' perceptions of infant affects in adolescent, depressed, abusive, and preterm mothers (Emde, Osofsky,&Butterfield, 1993). This Croatian study, completed before the war in the former Yugoslavia, reports cultural differences and similarities in mothers' interpretation of infant affect in 103 mothers of healthy, full‐term Croatian infants when compared to an American sample. The IFEEL Pictures (IFP) were administered to assess mothers' perception and interpretation of infants' facial expressions. Comparisons of the IFP scores for Croatian and American mothers revealed significant differences in 3 of 12 affect categories, controlling for education. Croatian mothers with different educational backgrounds showed significant differences in their perceptions of infants' affects. Differences between American mothers and Croatian educated mothers were less marked than those between Croatian high‐educated and low‐educated mothers. Our work suggests that there are cultural differences and similarities in affect interpretation between Croatian and American mothers. If this finding holds, it suggests that studies are needed of the effects if any, on mother‐child interaction and child‐rearing patterns, and possible differences in cross‐cultural affect

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199424)15:4<328::AID-IMHJ2280150402>3.0.CO;2-5

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhile a mother watches her infant or toddler during everyday life, there is a moment‐by‐moment triggering of thoughts, feelings, memories, and trajectories into the future. To access this inner experience as it emerges, a micro‐analytic interview technique was devised. Through a series of probes this interview repeatedly guides the mother between the concrete details of her child's behavior and the subjective responses evoked by these observations. This window to the mother's subjective world allows a rich scrutiny of its architecture and dynamic process, permits cross‐fertilization with recent developments in cognitive science, and serves as an entry point for therapeutic

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199424)15:4<336::AID-IMHJ2280150403>3.0.CO;2-7

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo determine whether infants of “depressed” mothers interact better with their nondepressed fathers, twenty‐six 3‐ to 6‐month‐old infants were videotaped during face‐to‐face interactions with their parents. The “depressed” mother group consisted of twelve 3‐ to 6‐month‐old infants and their “depressed” mothers and nondepressed fathers. The control group was composed of 14 nondepressed mothers and nondepressed fathers and their 3‐ to 6‐month‐old infants. In the “depressed” mother group, the nondepressed fathers received better interaction ratings than the “depressed” mothers. In turn, the infants received better interaction ratings when they interacted with their nondepressed fathers than with their “depressed” mothers. In contrast, nondepressed fathers and mothers and their infants in the control group did not differ on any of their interaction ratings. These findings suggest that infants' difficult interaction behaviors noted during interactions with their “depressed” mothers may not extend to their nondepressed fathers. The data are discussed with respect to the notion that nondepressed fathers may “buffer” the effect

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199424)15:4<348::AID-IMHJ2280150404>3.0.CO;2-Y

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study investigated whether infants' “depressed” behavior (i.e., less positive affect and lower activity levels) noted during their interactions with their depressed mothers generalized to their interactions with their nondepressed nursery teachers. Field et al. (1988) reported that infants of depressed mothers also show “depressed behavior” when interacting with nondepressed female adults, suggesting that the infants develop a generalized “depressed mood style” of interaction. However, in that study the adults were also strangers to the infants, confounding the results. In the present study, eighteen 3‐month‐old infants interacted with their depressed mothers and also with their nondepressed familiar teachers in 3‐minute episodes. The infants' behavior ratings improved when they interacted with their familiar teachers compared to their interactions with their mothers. The infants' low activity levels and negative affect were specific to their interactions with their depressed mothers. Thus, the data suggest that the infants respond differentially to depressed and nondepressed adults

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199424)15:4<358::AID-IMHJ2280150405>3.0.CO;2-U

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn trying to prevent developmental delays, we are continually searching for specific events or factors that are responsible for less than optimal development. Recept attention has focused on the effects of cocaine exposure in utero, with the most common effects appearing to be subtle neurobehavioral differences. The purpose of this study was to determine if, at the age of 6 months, infants exposed to cocaine exhibit significant differences in behavior and cognitive abilities. Results of this study revealed differences between exposed and nonexposed infants in both temperament and behavioral characteristics. Temperamentally, children prenatally exposed to cocaine were reported to be less cooperative, more difficult to manage, and more arrhythmic. The drug‐exposed group was also rated lower on behavioral characteristics of responsiveness, communication, and participation. The two groups were similar in terms of cognitive development. The impact of these behavioral effects on the mother‐infant relationship is discussed in terms of clinical and research implications of this st

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199424)15:4<368::AID-IMHJ2280150406>3.0.CO;2-Q

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199424)15:4<380::AID-IMHJ2280150407>3.0.CO;2-8

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199424)15:4<383::AID-IMHJ2280150408>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0163-9641    

DOI:10.1002/1097-0355(199424)15:4<::AID-IMHJ2280150401>3.0.CO;2-Q

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY