摘要:

AbstractAn empirical investigation was carried out on the pattern and role of communication in two ongoing applied research projects in one of the national laboratories of the C. S. I. R., India. The overall objectives of the study were:(1) to investigate the communication pattern and its relationship with parameters like hierarchy, educational status and social relations:(2) to identify ‘technological gatekeepers’ and ‘isolates’ and study their characteristics and roles;(3) to study the role of informal communicationvis‐à‐visformal communication in problem‐solving and idea‐generation.In this paper, the first two aspects are discussed: the role of informal communication in problem‐solving and idea‐generation will be published i

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1978.tb01277.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAfter considering the results of earlier reports on productivity in research, the efficiency of research teams in relation to their size, and the connection between communication and success in R&D laboratories, the authors have developed a mathematical model to analyse the qualitative and quantitative relationships between cooperation among researchers and the chances of success interdisciplinary groups may have.As the results show, this model can answer questions like: To what degree does the probability of success of inter‐disciplinary research groups depend on the size of the group, the number of disciplines involved and the willingness of the individual members of the group to cooperate with colleagues within the group? or ‘How great is the marginal improvement in the probability of success of an inter‐disciplinary group if two members of the group, which did not previously cooperate at all, start to cooperate, and are then joined by the third and so on, until full cooperation is reached? Is it the second, third or fifth researcher who makes the greatest contribution to the success of the group through his decision to Cooperate with the ot

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1978.tb01278.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA group of four British multi‐nationals in high technology industries was interviewed during 1976 to find out how the research activity was budgeted, financed and funded., In each case the same forces were found to be at work. The competitiveness of the firm's market was directly associated with the adventurousness of its research programmes, for example. A general model of the process was developed and additional tests of that model are suggeste

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1978.tb01279.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1978.tb01280.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe output of Research and Development (R&D) work groups was characterized along the two dimensions of productivity and innovativeness. Differential weightings of individual perceptions were used to arrive at a group score of those perceptions. Perceived leader behavior and work group differentiation were related to both output measures.

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1978.tb01281.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCost escalation on aircraft projects is a frequent source of controversy. This paper presents a framework for analysing such escalation and assesses the contribution of technical advance, duration and the pressure of demand.

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1978.tb01282.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractManagers of small‐ and medium‐sized firms are often unwilling to enter into agreements with firms in other countries to share knowledge developed in their own R&D efforts. They see such arrangements as being primarily withing the normal activities of the larger companies and restrict their own participation to the local market. These smaller firms, however, have much to offer in new technological ideas. Managers willing to establish multinational ties can find them to be advantageous to home and host countries and to lead to greater success for their enterpr

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1978.tb01283.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMost activities might benefit from an independent review; but very little attention has been given to the review of research and development (R&D). The evolving scope of internal audit together with trends in R&D provide a more favourable climate for the internal audit of thisindustry of discovery(Walley, 1974, p. 191).This paper presents the results of a survey which was questionnaire based and completed by internal auditors, most of whom worked for industrial multinationals which are household names. They represented companies employing 0–61 m staff with a turnover of |SL12b p.a.; 75|X% of the respondent organizations were industrial concerns employing 0.56m with a turnover of |SL10.7b p.a., most of the remaining respondents being financial organizations. Forty‐two per cent were under overseas control.By focusing on the practice and intentions of leading organizations with a record of progressive management, the results of the survey point a way which is likely to be followed more generally. As the internal audit departments were also large (29 auditors in each; 35 for the industrial departments) they were better placed to extend the scope of their w

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1978.tb01284.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe paper draws on the experience of the Building Research Establishment in seeking to apply the results of research work, and outlines ways in which the possibility of application can be helped right from the selection of the research itself. The various applications media used by the Building Research Establishment are described, and an example of their use given.

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1978.tb01285.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY