摘要:

AbstractThe paper describes an interesting and unusual approach to the task of appraising a number of related research projects in the field of electricity utilization research. A combination of conventional cost‐benefit studies and the Delphi technique, adapted to establish the potential marketability of each project, was used to rank a portfolio of twelve projects. The procedures used and the results of the exercise are outlined in the paper. It was found that this approach to quantifying the relative worths of research projects helped considerably in the final assessment of the research program. It also provided the added benefit of involving a large number of staff throughout the organization in the work of the Research Centre.The examination of new techniques of research appraisal must be considered a worthwhile contribution to research management if the best uses are to be made of limited research budget

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1975.tb01236.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper examines the problem of accounting for research and development expenditures. After a review of the theory and existing practice, a description of a simulation model and of the results obtained to date with that model is given. The study seeks to analyse the impact of the accounting policy of the firm, the success rate of research and development projects, the methods of appropriating funds to research, and other variables on the growth of the firm and on the fund generating capacity.

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1975.tb01237.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes a new approach for closing the gap between the tools for strategic goal management and operational management in Pharmaceutical R&D. The strategic level may concern with expectation of sales, rising from new products and with total R&D budget. The operational level concerns with project selection, project and multiproject management problems, solution of project related technical problems, determination of the size of the various functions and the functional management. This new method combines the R&D project portfolio management with a steady state concept allowing the attainment of a constant number of projects under development and a continuous full use of the capacity available.

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1975.tb01238.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes the present state of development of an abstract, dynamic, financial model of industrial research and development called APPLE. The concept, structure and application of APPLE as a practical tool are presented. The application of APPLE to help strategic planning and to increase understanding of the nature, influence and role of research and development is described.

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1975.tb01239.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDespite the popular view that pharmaceutical research is a random process, and by inference unplannable, the long‐term survival and development of a pharmaceutical company must be based on a steady flow of new products with a full understanding by management of the relationships between research expenditure and the likely revenues they will produce. In this paper is developed a model of the R&D function which uses probabilistic assumptions to compute the expected stream of revenues from a portfolio of projects involving the major development routes from which pharmaceutical products usually arise. The model is based on expected values of market and technical research performance and hence gives expected or indicated sales in the future as outpu

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1975.tb01240.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper concentrates on m e of the fundamental questions on which a Company needs to focus in generating a longer term corporate strategy, in particular—What is the environment within which the Company will have to develop?A longer term appreciation of this question is not only important for corporate strategy in general but is a key factor in establishing a viable, economic and relevant programme or plan for the Technical function.The actual approach used to study this longer term in a limited number of cases is described and the results in one case are summarized in principle in order to indicate the different fundamental questions with which a Company might be faced by taking a longer view in addition to the more normal short term one. The results also give an example of how the plan for the technical function may need revising. For this revision, however, specific business objectives could be given and many key aspects of the future business environment would have been very carefully considered and evaluated. This greatly improves the basis from which the technical function can develop its ideas and programme

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1975.tb01241.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes the origin and subsequent development of the Department of the Environment Research Management Course and its broadening to include participants from other Government research laboratories in the U. K. The method of evaluation and possible future developments are briefly considered.

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1975.tb01242.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study identifies a two‐step flow process of communication mediated by technological gatekeepers for scientific and technical fields characterized by dynamic information environments. Peer identification and a supervisory recognition of the phenomenon validate the gatekeeper finding. Certain characteristics of this study differ from previous research. The external communication needs of military in‐house researchers are mitigated greatly by the infusion of technical information into the laboratory which is a part of the everyday activities of the organization. Gatekeepers are differentiated by topic and not the media monitored. Finally, the gatekeeper phenomenon is implicitly recognized, even though the development may be spontaneous; development that results because either the formal media leave a void in information needs or that engineers are not trained in the use of the formal information sources. In either case, the technological gatekeeper is a natural response to an information n

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1975.tb01243.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThere is still much uncertainty about the determinants of technical communication flow in UK R&D laboratories and even more uncertainty about the causal link between communication behaviour and performance. Hence it is not clear what managerial action should be taken to improve technical communication flow and what effect such action would have on research productivity. In this study the main factors influencing communication flow are identified and the role of basic human characteristics in determining both communication behaviour and performance are studied and discussed.

ISSN:0033-6807    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.1975.tb01244.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY