摘要:

This paper presents multilateral comparisons of output, productivity and purchasing power parities in manufacturing, for 1975 and 1987. Two multilateral approaches are considered, namely the Geary–Khamis method and the generalized Theil–Törnqvist method based on the EKS procedure. The paper discusses the problem of lack of additive consistency of the generalized Theil–Törnqvist index and the absence of constant price comparisons within this framework. Some procedures that lead to near additive consistency are proposed. The empirical results show that multilateralization does not substantially affect the results and that both the Geary–Khamis and the generalized Theil–Törnqvist index give results comparable to the binary

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1996.tb00161.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The National Accounting Matrix including Environmental Accounts (NAMEA) shows environmental burdens that are consistent with the economic figures in the national accounts. In the NAMEA, the existing national accounts matrix has been extended with accounts in physical units. On the basis of the expected contribution of each polluting substance to a particular environmental problem, emissions are converted to theme equivalents. This results in six summary environmental indicators that are directly comparable to the conventional economic aggregates. In addition, this meso‐level information system can be used as the core data framework for integrated analyses and forecasts of economic and environmental change

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1996.tb00162.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Data from the International Comparison Programme (ICP) generate a number of analyses examining price and quantity relationships across countries. Although geographic location is sometimes evoked to explain differences across observations, it is seldom used to measure the extent of this interrelationship. Using ICP Phase V benchmark studies (Summers and Heston, 1991) at the level of household consumption for approximately 64 countries and 23 aggregate headings in 1985, this paper introduces such a measure, testing for spatial autocorrelation among price relatives with respect to three different measures of relative location: the pairwise existence of a common boundary, the distance between capital cities and the amount of trade between two countries.

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1996.tb00163.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper estimates household production functions directly, considers their characteristics, and compares them with previous indirectly estimated functions. Interviews with 135 Missoula, Montana area married couple households provided the data. The results suggest that endogeneity and a previous lack of output and capital data which led to the use of the indirect methodology are not insurmountable problems. The results tend to confirm the feasibility of directly measuring household outputs since the production function results are reasonable. Directly estimated household production functions offer the possibilities for estimation of short‐term household output changes and testing hypotheses about households' economic behavio

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1996.tb00164.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Prices of food vary greatly among the developed countries, and some countries' food prices have been consistently far above the OECD average. The main explanation for food price difference is the extent of protection of agricultural products at the farm level. A second important influence is the level of VAT on food. A third is deviations of aggregate country price levels from the levels that would be predicted from theirper capitaincomes, presumably because of omitted characteristics of the countries' economies, such as, possibly, inefficient or monopolistic service sectors. In addition, there are occasional episodes of high or low price levels due to temporary factors affecting exchange rates.The degree of protection of agricultural products is treated both as an exogenous factor and as an endogenous one. In the latter case, it is explained by climatic conditions and, presumably, the political influence of the agricultural sector or a general desire to retain an agricultural sector despite poor growing conditions.

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1996.tb00165.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines issues involved in calculating a value added index in order to measure real value added at the industry level. Three methods of calculating real value added are considered; the Laspeyres double‐deflation method recommended by theUnited Nations System of Nation Accounts, the commonly used single‐deflation method, and the double‐deflation Divisia method. Actual data are employed to clarify and illustrate the issues involved, and the paper concludes with a recommendation for an appropriate index to use when calculating industry real value

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1996.tb00166.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The construction and application of a Paasche annual chain index to the Italian GDP figures between 1861 and 1989 is the subject of this article. Comparison with product at constant prices shows, except for war periods, a revaluation of GDP in favour of the annual chain index of around 0.10 percent. The most striking differences are concentrated into periods of marked changes in relative prices, and the new index modifies the temporal pattern of the growth trend by accentuating, without altering the periodization, cyclical fluctuations.

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1996.tb00167.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Despite the growing importance of the service sector in the economies of most countries, the range of statistical information available falls well short of requirements. This paper outlines international developments in this area and describes what has been done in the United Kingdom to fill some of the gaps, essentially for the national accounts, including collection of monthly or quarterly turnover and price data, and also the derivation of quarterly estimates of current price GDP by industry. The paper also looks briefly at certain aspects relating to the use of the new data.The growth in the importance of the services sector in economic activity in most industrialized countries has increased the range of statistical information now collected in this area. Increasing demand from businesses has also been an important factor in the development of these statistics. Nonetheless, the range of data available still falls well short of requirements in scope, frequency and quality. This is true of both annual and short‐period information.This paper begins by taking a look at recent developments, internationally, in the field of service sector statistics. It then considers how service sector statistics are evolving in the U.K. with particular reference to data required for national accounts, and including reflections on some initial work on the collection of price information. There follows some brief discussion of the various approaches to the measurement of the movement in constant price value added, together with a description of some recent work in the U.K. on deriving an equivalent quarterly current price series. Finally, a short section considers possible future developments in the U.K., particularly with respect to price

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1996.tb00168.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1996.tb00169.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1996.tb00170.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY