摘要:

This article provides estimates of gross and net fixed capital stock for six Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Venezuela for 1950–89. The capital stocks have been generated using the perpetual inventory method. To use the perpetual inventory method, historical time series of gross fixed investment, broken down into machinery and equipment, residential and non‐residential structures were estimated. The diskette accompanying the article contains a detailed description of the sources and series used and for each country, long‐term series (1900–89) of GDP at constant 1980 national prices, GDP at constant 1980 international dollars, population, GDPper capitaand gross total and disaggregated investment in national currencies and as a percentage of GDP. The diskette also contains a complete set of net and gross capital stock estimates, average ages, average service life and capital‐output ratios for 1950–89 each in national currencies and international dollars.The findings show rising capital‐output ratios in most countries, except for Chile, where it remains more or less constant, and Colombia, where th

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1992.tb00451.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reviews research on the distribution of income and wealth in Japan, identifies sources of data on income and wealth, and describes limitations of these data. Evidence that Japan's poorest income groups are relatively well‐off is convincing, but there is less evidence that the overall distribution of income in Japan is more equal than in other OECD countries. Agricultural policy, social welfare policy, the tax system, trends in earnings differentials, and the role of the Japanese family are among the many factors that have shaped Japan's income distribution. The rapid appreciation of the stock market and land prices during the late 1980s led to greater inequality in the distribution of wealth. Rapid population aging is expected to lead to an increase in total national wealth relative to national income which may have an adverse impact on the distribution of incom

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1992.tb00452.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Comparisons of households of differing composition are usually achieved through the use of equivalence scales. It is well known that the choice of scales can have considerable impact on the conclusions drawn from studies of welfare and poverty. There is a considerable literature on the theoretical issues relating to equivalence scales, but applied work on income distribution and related areas almost invariably takes scales to be constant irrespective of income. This paper focuses on the relation of scale to income, by applying theoretical analysis to some simple household types. The conclusion is that scales are not constant and that current practice should be changed.

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1992.tb00453.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this paper we use an input‐output framework to examine two criticisms of standard measures of total factor productivity. These criticisms are (1) that the contribution of capital to productivity growth is underestimated, and (2) that the use of cost shares to weigh factor input contribution is questionable. Using various vertically integrated productivity measures we find that capital's productivity contribution is underestimated in the neoclassical formulation. We also find that in a Pasinetti‐Rymes growth model, factor shares do not approximate output elasticities. We conclude that the argument made by Pasinetti, Rymes, and others is supported, that in long‐run productivity analysis capital should not be treated as a primary input, but should be measured as an intermediate, produced

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1992.tb00454.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Revised Canadian real GNP estimates for the 1870–1926 period, based on the nominal GNP estimates constructed by M. C. Urquhart and on a variety of sector‐specific price indexes, are presented below. The construction of this revised real GNP series allows for the creation of real output estimates for the major sectors of the Canadian economy as well as for a new implicit price index series. These revised estimates cast new light on our present understanding of Canadian economic growth and reinforce the view that the Canadian wheat boom probably played an important and positive role in the process of Canadian economic developm

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1992.tb00455.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A Review of W. J. Baumol, S. A. B. Blackman and E. N. Wolff,Productivity and American Leadership: The Long View

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1992.tb00456.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1992.tb00457.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY