摘要:

The United Nations (SNA) and the Canadian (CSNA) Systems of National Accounts treat interest as a factor return to capital. The difficulties arising from the use of this concept cast doubt upon the basic premise. For example if the usual method of measuring value added by the summation of primary inputs is applied to industries mainly engaged in the lending of money, the results show negative production. This has led to the necessity of imputing bank interest in order to avoid negative income originating in the banking industry. Arguments are being put forward to extend this practice to certain other financial non‐bank areas as well to offset the negative product emerging with increasing frequency as a result of higher levels of interest transactions.The proposed alternative is based on the contention that interest paid and received for the borrowing and lending of money should be treated in the same manner as the purchase and sale of other services. For the production accounts, for example, this would mean that interest paid by business would be treated as an intermediate expense of the paying industry and as revenue of the receiving industry. The adoption of this approach would therefore eliminate the need for the imputation of banking services and clear up the ambiguities encountered in treating interest on the public and consumer debt, issues which are also not unrelated to the present treatment of interes

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1984.tb00487.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reports upon the first official application of the estate multiplier method of estimating the wealth distribution to French data. It is based upon a sample of estate duty returns filed during the period September‐December 1977. The sampling rate was 5 percent for estates under one million francs, and 100 percent for estates over this level, giving a total of 5031 records. The data available did not permit a breakdown by type of asset. It did, however, permit classification of estates by age, sex, and occupation of decedent. Experiments were conducted using five different sets of mortality multipliers. The set of mortality multipliers judged most appropriate leads to an estimate of aggregate net wealth that is 77 percent of that given in the national balance sheet of the national accounts. Comparison of the distributions of wealth derived in these estimates suggest that the figures are consistent with those found in other countrie

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1984.tb00488.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The trend in the concentration of U.S. wealth from 1958 through 1976 is examined in some detail and summary data are used to extend the period over which the trend is observed back to 1922. The data suggests a long‐run secular decline in the concentration of U.S. wealth with a rather sharp decline in 1976, the last year for which measurements were made. Although the secular decline in wealth concentration is supported by numerous observations across 50 years, the precipitous decline measured between 1972 and 1976 should be interpreted with caution because it undoubtedly reflects the substantial downward revaluation which occurred in the stock market from 1972 (most recent previous observation) to 1976. This is not to argue that wealth holders at the top of the distribution were not made significantly less affluent by the revaluation, but that the 1976 observation includes a large cyclical component. Future observations which include the subsequent upward revaluation in the stock market are expected to show levels of concentration comparable to or only slightly below those for 1958 through 197

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1984.tb00489.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The paper begins by stating various aspects of the national economic accountant's “company‐establishment problem.” Six possible approaches to the problem are briefly outlined. The paper concentrates on one approach based on new developments in business accounting theory and practice, namely divisional‐reporting procedures. The division represents the smallest operating entity capable of reporting both a complete set of production (income) statistics and a set of related financial (balance‐sheet) statistics. When companies are owned and controlled by the same interests, namely the enterprise, each division reports on an enterprise‐wide basis. In this important case, the traditional company‐establishment problem has an enterprise‐division‐establishment resolution.There is considerable emphasis on clarifying the issues needed for systematic development of divisional‐reporting to meet the requirements of a national statistical agency. Key aspects are the provision of appropriate conceptual distinctions relating to statistical structure of corporate organizations and patterns of intercorporate ownership consolidation. Practical experience gained by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission's line of business reporting program is also highlighted. Two tables show details with respect to a proposed divisional income statement and balance‐sheet statement that a systematically developed division‐reporting unit can provide. The tables are related to existing statistics yielded by traditional company‐ and establishment‐reporting units. In effect the paper is part of a movement giving national economic accounting more microdata dimensions. Future research must integrate the proposed new statistical reporting unit within systems of national accounts presently constructed on the basis of a du

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1984.tb00490.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper describes the construction of a disaggregated system of 262 national accounts for the U.K. economy in 1975. The objective is to remove the discrepancies between income, expenditure, production and financial estimates which occur in practice. This is done with the aid of a generalized least squares algorithm for adjusting national accounts with subjective estimates of reliability of the various account items. The balanced system of accounts provides the cross‐section data base needed for the estimation of a consistent multisectoral dynamic model of the U.K. economy and yields the classification converters and input‐output tables necessary for such a mo

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1984.tb00491.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1984.tb00492.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1984.tb00493.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0034-6586    

DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1984.tb00494.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY