摘要:

Megakaryocytes from patients with normal haematopoiesis, patients with polycythaemia vera (PCV) and patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) were examined in the electron microscope. In addition to the usual cytoplasmic organelles, a regular finding in normal megakaryocytes was the presence of specific granules. The normal megakaryocytes were also characterized by the presence of the platelet demarcation system. The first evidence of this system was small vesicles, which increased in number, became elongated, and formed demarcation tubules and membranes, delimiting the future platelets. Finally, the platelets were demarcated. After platelet production was completed, the end result was a naked nucleus almost completely devoid of cytoplasm. Megakaryocytes from patients with PCV differed from normal megakaryocytes in certain aspects. They could show hypertrophy of both nucleus and cytoplasm, as well as an increase in the amount of ribosomes. Rough‐surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, which was not a regular finding in normal cells, appeared in most megakaryocytes from patients with PCV. Some cells appeared abnormal in that they showed no signs of differentiation towards thrombopoietic activity although the cytoplasm was abundant. In occasional cells, tubular‐like double‐membrane limited profiles enclosing stranded material were found. The megakaryocytes from patients with CGL were generally hypotrophic, but had a well‐developed platelet demarcation system. In two patients with CGL, defective development of the demarcation system was encountered in some cells. These cells showed actual demarcation of platelets in spite of very sparse development of the demarcation

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00271.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The occurrence of lymphocytes within the ileal epithelium was studied in newly hatched, 6‐day‐old, 7‐and 9‐week‐old and 18‐month‐old chickens. The number of epithelial lymphocytes (theliolymphocytes) increased markedly with age. The specific localization of the epithelial lymphocytes differed from that in other species described,i.e.rodents and man, in the respect that a larger proportion of the lymphocytes were distributed towards the surface of the epithelium, especially in the 6‐day‐old chickens. Globule leucocytes in the epithelium were proportional to the number of epithelial lymphocytes and their number increased with age just as that of the epithelial lymphocytes. The increase in the number of epithelial lymphocytes with age was considered to be connected with the peripheralization of the second level lymphoid tissues and the maturation of th

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00272.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seven‐week‐old male chickens were injected intravenously with3H‐thymidine. The presence of labelled lymphocytes in the ileal epithelium was studied by means of autoradiography at various times after injection. There was a significant increase in the labelling index,i.e.the percentage of labelled epithelial lymphocytes, here called theliolymphocytes, between 1 hour and 48 hours after labelling. This increase was considered to be due to both mitosis of labelled theliolymphocytes and immigration of labelled lymphocytes from the lamina propria. During the following 4 days the labelling index decreased. The labelling index in top and base regions of the villi did not differ. The labelling indices of the theliolymphocytes 48 hours and 6 days after3H‐TdR administration were significantly higher than the percentages of the labelled peripheral blood lymphocytes at corresponding times. This finding suggests an accumulation of labelled lymphocytes in the intestinal epithelium. In the top regions of the villi, where most of the absorption from the intestine takes place, there was a significantly higher proportion of labelled theliolymphocytes in the apical zone than in the intermediate and basal zones of the epithelium. No such difference was found in the base regions of the villi. The significance of these findings are discussed in relation to current views on the association of epithelial cells and lymphocytes during the development of lymphoid

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00273.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Among 5819 autopsies carried out over the years 1966 to 1969, 6 cases were found having thorotrast deposits in the liver. One case presented non‐specific reactive hepatitis, and 5 cases had cirrhosis. The cirrhoses were of the irregular type, in 4 cases with recent and long‐lasting confluent necroses, in all 5 cases with extensive passive septa. The morphogenesis of the thorotrast cirrhosis is discussed on the basis of the histological changes. Four of the patients had malignant tumours which are likely to be induced by thorotrast deposits in the liver: mesothelioma, angiosarcoma, hepatoma and cholangiohepatocarcinoma. Angiosarcomas develop relatively frequently in the liver in thorotrast patients, and in the majority of cases these tumours contain large blood‐filled cavities. Consequently, liver biopsy without previous angiography is contra‐indicated in cases where former intravasal application of thorotrast is known or suspected. In all 6 cases the cause of death is regarded as late effects of thorotrast adminis

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00274.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Spleen lymphoid cells obtained from White Leghorn chickens with Marek's disease exhibited a significantly impaired proliferative response to the mitogen phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) as measured by the incorporation of tritiated thymidine. While chickens infected by the intraperitoneal inoculation of infectious blood on the day of hatching still were able to mount a small PHA response, their contact‐infected pen mates completely failed to respond. Lymphoid tumour cells from the gonads of inoculated chickens with Marek's disease were not stimulated by PHA. Rather, a suppressive effect of PHA on these cells was note

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00275.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A quantitative method based on camera lucida drawing and planimetry was used to evaluate intraglomerular, interglomerular and interfocal variation with regard to the following parameters: 1) differential number of glomerular nuclei, 2) mesangial area in percentage of total area, 3) total number of nuclei per 1.000 μ2of total area and 4) number of mesangial nuclei per 1.000 μ2of mesangial area. Study of intraglomerular variation revealed that, as far as the above‐mentioned parameters are concerned, a central part is found to comprise approximately half of the glomerulus where values are relatively constant. Histograms based on results obtained in 141 normal glomeruli from the same kidney showed a reasonably good approximation to a normal distribution for all parameters concerned. Interfocally, a statistically significant difference in nuclear density could be demonstrated, but this was not the case as regards differential counts and percentage of mesangial area. Comparison of a tissue specimen with subcapsular glomeruli with a tissue specimen with juxtamedullar glomeruli demonstrated no difference with regard to the parameters studied, but the largest glomeruli were found at juxtamedullary sites. It does not appear to matter whether tissue specimens for use in a normal material are removed as small wedges of tissue or as aspiration biopsies. Compressed glomeruli near the edge of the specimens should be exclu

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00276.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Experiments were performed in order to study the decay of lymphoid cells in various lymphoid organs during the development of casein‐induced amyloidosis in mice. Furthermore the decay was studied after acceleration of the amyloid formation by nitrogen mustard. The decay was calculated on the basis of the nigrosin‐dye exclusion test on lymphoid single‐cell suspensions. A significant increase of decay was observed early in the induction phase, in the spleen and in the thymus. The decay in the axillary lymph node (regionally to the site of casein injections) and the mesenteric lymph node was unaffected by the treatment. During acceleration of the amyloid formation the decay of lymphoid cells was increased in all organs examined. The results indicate a relationship between the decay of pyroninophilic cells and the formation of am

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00277.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Heat lesions in the rabbit brain were produced by trephine craniotomy with a conventional dental drill. The temperature rise was measured at the inner surface of the skull bone at a calculated point over which the burr hole was made. A temperature rise of about 10°C was observed to produce an initial and transient injury to the blood‐brain barrier for about 10 hours, as shown by trypan blue injections. Brain edema, apparently produced by an increased vascular permeability, increased in size during the first 48 hours after the craniotomy, as shown microscopically. Thereafter the brain edema gradually subsided. The heat lesion produced by the trephine burr could be avoided if the area was irrigated with physiological saline at room temperature when the burr hole was ma

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00278.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00279.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb00280.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY