摘要:

Ovarian tumours obtained at laparotomy were histochemically examined for their local fibrinolytic activity, and simultaneous fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) were determined in the serum. The fibrinolytic activity was confined mainly to vessels of both malignant and benign tumours. A very close correlation was demonstrated between the fibrinolytic activity and the vascularity of the sections. FDP were found in the serum in 13 of 14 patients with malignant tumours, but in none with benign tumours. The difference in occurrence of FDP in patients with malignant and benign tumours might be due to the invasive growth of the former with the entrance of thromboplastic substances, fibrinolytic activators or locally formed FDP into the bloodstream.

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01374.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of neonatal thymectomy on the degree and prognosis of hypertension and on the vascular lesions in rats with renal hypertension was studied. There were no differences between thymectomized and sham operated hypertensive rats. The degree of hypertension, the frequency of spontaneous death and heart infarcts were the same in both groups. The occurrence and degree of perivascular cell infiltrations, deposits of perivascular connective tissue and fibrinoid degenerations of the media were found to be the same in both the thymectomized and the sham operated hypertensive animals. The results do not support the assumption that delayed type immune reactions are important in the pathogenesis of hypertensive vascular disease in renal hypertensive rats.

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01375.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To evaluate the role of the glucose residue of the diabetogenic substance streptozotocin, the effect of its aglucone derivate N‐nitrosomethylurea was tested in Chinese hamsters. At a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight of N‐nitrosomethylurea a triphasic blood glucose curve was recorded with an initial hyperglycaemic peak after 3 hours followed by a decrease at 6 hours. After 24 hours and during the following days the values were moderately elevated. There was a high mortality in the diabetic animals, about 80 per cent of them dying within one week. The approximate L.D. 50 of N‐nitrosomethylurea injected intraperitoneally in non‐fasting adult animals was about 125 mg/kg body weight at an observation time of 48 hours. On light microscopy, degenerative changes with nuclear pyknosis were seen after 3 hours in the pancreatic islet cells, followed by cellular disintegration. Both β‐, α2‐ and α1‐cells were obviously affected. Pretreatment with 500 mg nicotinamide/kg body weight given intraperitoneally 10 minutes before the injection of N‐nitrosomethylurea inhibited the hyperglycaemia and seemed to prevent the injurious effects of N‐nitrosomethylurea on the islet cells. The results show that the glucose residue of the streptozotocin molecule is not necessary for the induction of diabetes in Chinese hamsters, but it seems to increase the selectivity of the toxic effects for the islet cells. This is a clear advantage in studies of experimental diabetes, especially when longer observation

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01376.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An ultrastructural study of the early effects of intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg body weight of N‐nitrosomethylurea on the pancreatic islet tissue in Chinese hamsters was performed. Thirty minutes after injection there was slight dilatation of the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial swelling in a few peripheral α2‐cells near to capillaries and also in some β‐cells. After 1 hour these changes were more pronounced. After 3 hours, distinct nuclear pyknosis was seen in endocrine islet cells of all types, together with β‐cells granular irregularities, disruption of granular cores and autophagy of α2‐cell granules. During the following hours, marked derangement of intracellular structures, ending in obvious cellular destruction, was observed. The results indicate that N‐nitrosomethylurea has a direct cytotoxic effect on the β‐, α2‐ and α1‐cells of the islet tissue. The similarity between the ultrastructure of the pancreatic islets after injection of N‐nitrosomethylurea and s

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01377.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The variation in the DNA distributions in the murine JB‐1 ascites tumour was investigated by means of impulse cytophotometry (ICP) on days 2, 4, 7, 10 and 14 after i.p. inoculation of 2.5 times 106tumour cells and on days 1, 2, 3 and 4 after aspiration of the main part of 10‐day plateau tumours. The study showed that a considerable fraction of cells with a DNA content of about 2 and 4 n (p<0.001) accumulated from day 2 to 10. During the same period the fraction of cells in S decreased significantly (p<0.001). One and two days after aspiration, a rapid rearrangement in the distribution pattern occurred, leading to a predominance of cells with S DNA content, while the fraction of cells around 2 n and 4 n decreased. Three and four days after aspiration the cells again accumulated around the 2 and 4 n values while the fraction of cells with S DNA content decreased. The ICP results were in agreement with our data obtained by autoradiography and Feulgen microspectrophotometry, and ICP is recommended as a rapid and statistically precise method in cytokinetic analy

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01378.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

As part of an experimental study of the spread of urogenital tuberculosis, male guinea pigs were inoculated with tubercle bacilli (H37Rv) in the upper part of the ureter. Half of the animals were prepared by ligature of the ureter below the injection site prior to inoculation. Spread of the infection to the lower urinary tract and the genitalia occurred whether the ureter was intact or ligated. It is concluded that lymphatic spread is possible and seems to be more common than urinary (canalicular) spread.

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01379.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A ten‐year series of renal tumours in children up to 14 years of age was collected from the files of the Finnish Cancer Register. After histological evaluation of the material, 74 cases were accepted as primary renal tumours. Fifty‐eight of these were typical Wilms' tumours, three rhabdomyosarcomas, six foetal hamartomas and seven unclassified malignant tumours. Wilms' tumours were classified into three types on the basis of the histological differentiation. The total five year survival in the Wilms group was 50 per cent with no difference between patients over and under the age of one year. Of the subtypes of Wilms' tumours the sarcomatous type showed worse prognosis than average; only three out of 16 patients were alive after a five‐year follow‐up time. None of the patients with foetal hamartoma died of tumour, although two fatalities, connected with the surgery, were recorded. The value of histological classification of Wilms' tumours and the importance of the recognition of the foetal hamartoma is emp

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01380.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The basement membrane (BM) was examined by light microscopy in cases of lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast (LCIS), employing the following stains: haematoxylin‐eosin, van Gieson‐Hansen, PAS, colloidal‐iron‐PAS, and reticulin. The BM was non‐intact in 12 out of 26 investigated cases of LCIS when reticulin staining was applied, but appeared non‐intact in about 70 per cents with the other staining methods. On the other side control areas of the BM were intact in 23 out of 26 cases with reticulin stain, but in only about half of the cases with other stains. It is concluded that reticulin staining is the most suitable in evaluating the BM in LCIS, and that more or less pronounced defects of the BM in LCIS cannot be considered evidence of imminent invasion. Although the overall occurrence of invasive breast carcinoma was significantly increased in 9 cases with epithelial cell protrusion through the BM, this feature should be investigated further before it is allowed to affect therapeuti

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01381.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Comparative quantitative studies of glomeruli in biopsies of the guenon monkey kidney were made to give a numerical measure of the effect of varying periods of fixation of the biopsy tissue in Carnoy's fluid (1–2–24 hrs.), and of the effect of progressive post mortem delay before renal tissue samples were taken (2–4–6–12 hrs.). Additional aims were to determine possible quantitative differences between subcapsular, intermediate and juxtamedullary glomeruli, and to determine whether the glomerular area should be determined with reference to the inner aspect of Bowman's capsule (total area) or to tangents laid at the top of the capillary loops (corrected total area). The quantitative methods used were total and differential counts of glomerular nuclei by light: microscopy and point counting for determination of glomerular and mesangial areas. Statistical evaluation was made by a two‐way analysis of variance. The differential counts of nuclei were not affected by duration of fixation, nor by post mortem delay up to 12 hrs. before tissue samples were taken. The mesangial area expressed as a percentage of total area was significantly lower two hours post mortem, while total nuclear concentration was significantly lower at time 0 and two hours post mortem than at four, six and 12 hours post mortem. Total nuclear concentration increased as duration of fixation was increased, probably a reflection of tissue shrinking. Differences in nuclear concentration were also noted at different levels of the renal cortex. These differences were only apparent when the glomerular area was determined with reference to the inner aspect of Bowman's capsule, and disappeared when the corrected total area was used. It is concluded that duration of tissue fixation and post mortem delay before tissue samples were taken both affect method sensitivity, as reflected by some, not all, of the parameters measured. The numerical differences in the parameters were not large, however, and it will be the specific study which will determine whether variable fixation times and post mortem delay in obtaining tissue samples is acceptable. As most renal biopsies contain both subcapsular and juxtamedullary glomeruli there is probably no advantage in using the corrected glomerular area instead of the total glomerular area limited by Bowma

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01382.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this report an apparatus is described which can quickly and reliably induce a standard crushing injury in a desired location of rat calf muscle without tearing the skin. To test the constancy of injury caused by the apparatus, both hind legs of rats were traumatized. Two days after traumatization, the rats were killed and the hind legs were inspected macroscopically and microscopically following prior formalin fixation. The breaking strength of the muscles was measured immediately after traumatization. In every case, the injury totally penetrated the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle, but never damaged the whole jumping complex of muscles (gastrocnemius, plantaris and soleus). Both the location and the dimensions of the wound as well as the breaking strength of the injured muscles remained inside such narrow limits that the trauma can be regarded as constant.

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01383.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY