摘要:

The effect of tumour growth on the liver of the host was studied in the Ehrlich ascites tumour system. During the experimental period there was no infiltration of tumour cells in the liver, and the increase in the proliferation rate of Kupffer cells and parenchymal cells was only small. An increasing stability of the liver cell nuclei towards disruption during the isolation procedure was found to accompany the ascites tumour growth. In parallel, there was an increase in the amount of nuclear RNA and in the cellular spermidine concentration. The major cause of these changes is probably an increasing demand on the liver by the growing tumour, illustrated by the fact that an amount of protein exceeding that of the whole liver accumulates in the ascites fluid during tumour growth. A hypothesis according to which the cellular accumulation of spermidine may be involved in the stabilization of the cell nuclei and in the accumulation of nuclear RNA is advanced.

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Partial infarction of one kidney and contralateral nephrectomy was followed by a rapid and significant increase in blood pressure both in haired mice with a normal thymus function and in nude mice with genetical aplasia of the thymus. The level of blood pressure and the prognosis were not influenced by the presence of thymus within the first 3 months after partial infarction of the kidney; but a significantly more pronounced increase in blood pressure after 4 months was observed in a small group of haired mice than in a similarly treated small group of nude mice. A marked degree of round cell infiltration around intrarenal arteries was only found in the haired mice, commencing 2 months after partial infarction of the kidney. Degenerative changes were observed in the kidneys of the haired mice 2–4 months after infarction. Very few of these lesions were found in the nude mice. Attempts to transfer the hypertension by means of viable lymph node cells from hypertensive donors to normotensive syngeneic recipients failed. The results support the assumption that high intravascular pressure induces thymus‐dependent immune reactions against substances in the vascular walls which, in turn, may have a prognostic significance; the results give no support for the assumption that the earlier phase of the hypertension which follows partial infarction of the kidney and contralateral nephrectomy is thymus‐depe

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00094.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The myocardial capillary reaction was studied in normal rats subjected to swimming exercise and in rats in which aortic stenosis had been produced at various time intervals before the swimming exercise was commenced. The data obtained indicated that neoformation of myocardial capillaries during swimming exercise occurred only in rats without aortic stenosis. It is concluded that a heart subjected to an increased pressure load is less able to respond to a superimposed volume load by an increase in its capillary supply than is a normal heart.

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00095.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The frequency of chronic non‐rheumatic valvular heart disease in Iceland was investigated via autopsies performed from November 1965 through December 1974. During this period, about 12.400 Icelanders died at the age of 16 years and older and 28.8 per cent of these were included in the study. At autopsy, males outnumbered females by 2:1. The frequency of calcific aortic stenosis was found to be 3.63 per cent and the prevalence was calculated to be 3.17 per cent among males and 4.50 per cent among females. Calcific aortic stenosis in tricuspid valves was more frequent in females and calcific aortic stenosis in bicuspid valves was more frequent in males. Among the hearts with calcific aortic stenosis, 70.8 per cent were found to have normally tricuspid valves, 25.4 per cent bicuspid valves and 3.8 per cent tricuspid valves with an unicommissural fusion. In 0.59 per cent of the hearts the aortic valve was either bicuspid or had an unicommisural fusion without the features of calcific stenosis. However, a functional stenosis was suggested by the increased weight of most of these hearts. The frequency of bicuspid aortic valves was 1.2 per cent with a prevalence in males of 1.54 per cent and in females 0.50 per cent. A calcified mitral annulus was found in 1.98 per cent of the hearts and in most, it was either associated with calcific aortic stenosis in a tricuspid valve, or it was a single valvular disease. Rheumatic valvular disease was found in 1.08 per cent of the hearts examine

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00096.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A prospective study was started in 1969 to describe morphological features of liver biopsies from patients with severe psoriasis. Among 123 patients evaluated for possible MTX therapy, liver biopsies disclosed pathological histology (mainly fatty change and/or non‐specific reactive hepatitis) in 51 per cent. The incidence of pathological liver histology did not statistically correlate with psoriasis parameters such as duration and extent. However, statistically significant correlations (p<0.0001) were found between the frequency of pathological liver histology and other factors such as age, obesity, and daily alcoholic intake. Comparison of liver histology with SGOT value at the time of liver biopsy showed that while the diagnostic specifity of this test was high (1.00), the diagnostic sensitivity was low (0.17)). Normal values of SGOT should not be relied upon to indicate all types of liver pathology. A “risk index” indicating the probability of pathological liver histology was developed. It is calculated as follows: two times the height (cm) minus weight (kg) minus age (years) minus 50 (in case of daily alcoholic intake) minus 50 (in case of elevated SGOT). To elucidate liver histology and particularly to rule out fibrosis and cirrhosis, a liver biopsy should be performed in every psoriatic patient with a low score in the risk index prior to beginning MTX th

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00097.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eightyeight patients with severe, recalcitrant psoriasis had liver biopsies performed before and after Methotrexate (MTX) therapy. MTX was given for an average of 26 months as a single, weekly, oral dose of 25 mg maximum. The mean cumulative dose was 1733 mg (range 175–4590 mg). A statistically significant increase in the number of pathological post‐MTX liver biopsies was found (p<0.0001). Of the 88 patients 6 developed cirrhosis and another 5 developed fibrosis, in all 12.5 per cent, during MTX therapy (95 per cent confidence limits for cirrhosis: 3–14 per cent). There was no statistically significant correlation between the number of pathological post‐MTX liver biopsy findings in the 88 patients and the following variables one by one: cumulative dose of MTX, duration of MTX therapy and admitted alcoholic intake during MTX therapy. Cirrhosis and fibrosis did not develop statistically more frequently from pathological than normal pre‐MTX liver histology (p = 0.062). The liver damage appeared to be due to a multifactorial interaction of straining factors on the liver during MTX therapy. A multifactorial index comprising: cumulative dose of MTX, admitted alcoholic intake during MTX therapy, age, obesity and, if available, pre‐MTX liver histology gave an estimate of the probability of developing cirrhosis or fibrosis during treatment of psoriasis with weekly, oral doses of MTX. For use of MTX therapy in psoriasis the following precautions are suggested: MTX therapy should be used only in disabling cases; a pre‐MTX liver biopsy and repeat liver biopsies at regular intervals of 1/2–1 year should be performed, alcohol should be prohibited and frequent inquiries should be made about the patient's alcoholic intake; and strong reliance should not be placed on the SGOT as an indicator of abnormal

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00098.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The alkaline phosphatase reaction is normally absent in human bile canaliculi, but was found in 79 patients. In search for a common causal factor, these patients were further examined. Thirty‐seven were autopsied. The conditions most commonly associated with the phenomenon were malignant tumours with or without involvement of the liver, collagen diseases, longstanding partial obstruction of the common bile duct, and genetic variants of alpha‐1‐antitrypsin. No clinical or laboratory facts were common to all the pat

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00099.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The histochemical patterns of the alkaline phosphatase reaction in liver specimens obtained at 185 consecutive autopsies were studied for any correlation with clinical data and post mortem findings. Alkaline phosphatase activity of bile canaliculi was found in 71 per cent of the subjects with malignant tumours not involving the liver, and in 77 per cent of the subjects with malignant tumours involving the liver. The histochemical pattern did not differ with the type of tumour. Most subjects with rheumatoid arthritis as well as most of those with centro‐lobular hepatic necrosis due to heart incompensation also showed alkaline phosphatase activity in the bile canalicul

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00100.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Gentle manipulation of the submaxillary glands of previously nephrectomized mice results in a vast increase in plasma renin concentration. The concentration reaches 1 to 7 G.U. renin/ml, which is 1,000‐fold higher than normal plasma concentrations. The rise is much less pronounced if the glands are removed after the manipulation, confirming the site of the release. However, an apparent paradox is seen: the renin concentration continues to rise even after removal of submaxillary glands as well as kidneys, indicating that a bound form of renin is also released. The bound renin can be in the form of exocytosed granules or (and) in the form of “prorenin”, the renin of which is activated with time. In spite of the very high renin concentrations the blood pressure is normal or only moderately increased. This disproportion between plasma renin and blood pressure can be caused by a simultaneous release of submaxillary kallikrein and renin, which have counteracting effects on the blood pre

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00101.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The patho‐morphological lesions in fox nosematosis (encephalitozoonosis) were studied in a material comprising 150 young blue foxes from 23 different farms. Disseminated nosematosis in blue fox pups was regularly accompanied by severe vasculitis, affecting medium‐sized and small arteries in various organs. The acute damage has the form of a necrotizing angiitis, with mural necrosis and sometimes resultant thrombosis. The causative organismNosema cuniculi, is frequently present in the freshly affected arterial walls, either in endothelial or in medial smooth muscle cells. Older lesions include nodular fibrous thickening of the arterial walls, and intimal proliferation, sometimes with luminal obliteration. The conclusion is drawn that the arterial lesions are morphologically equivalent to classical polyarteritis nod

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00102.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY