摘要:

In a series of 18 patients with focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver characteristic histological changes were found in the lesions of 5 patients receiving female reproductive steroids, e.g. four women taking oral contraceptives for several years, and one man treated with synthetic estrogenic compound for carcinoma of the prostate. These lesions contained young, connective tissue septa with abundant proliferation of bile ducts, piecemeal necroses and lymphocytic infiltration. Much less or no activity was found in the lesions of 11 women and 2 men without hormone treatment. Possible mechanisms for this activity are discussed, and it is proposed that focal nodular hyperplasia represents a congenital malformation, possibly a hamartoma, the liver cells of which may suffer from enzymatic defects, which may render them especially vulnerable to female sex hormones.

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb00408.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The autopsy findings of two intramyocardial infiltrating hibernomas situated in the right atrium of a 84‐year‐old woman are presented. The tumours might have contributed to the clinically observed sinus arrythmia, prolonged PQ‐interval and bundle branch

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb00409.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A series of 30 myxofibrosarcomas is described. These malignant soft tissue tumours are characterized by a mucoid and nodular appearance, a coarse plexiform capillary pattern, and they are mostly seen subcutaneously (26 out of 30) in the extremities (24 out of 30) and trunk (4 out of 30) of elderly people. Histochemical studies, comprising staining with Alcian blue and toluidine blue at different pH's with and without preceding digestion with testicular hyaluronidase and with the Scott technique, indicated the presence of hyaluronic acid but not sulphated glycosaminoglycans as chondroitinsulphates. Myxofibrosarcoma is believed to belong to the general category of fibroblastic and histiocytic malignant soft tissue tumours. The median diameter of the tumours was 7 cm. They were divided into 4 grades according to cellularity, cell atypia and mitotic activity. The grade III and IV tumours showed pronounced atypia, often with bi‐ and multinucleated giant tumour cells and occasionally with giant cells of Touton's type, suggesting a relationship to malignant fibroxanthoma. All of the patients were treated surgically and one received also pre‐ and post‐operative irradiation. None of the 2 grade I myxofibrosarcomas recurred, while 2 out of 7 grade II tumours, 6 out of 10 grade III tumours, and 7 out of 11 grade IV tumours recurred once and up to 9 times. Metastasis appeared in 7 out of 30 patients; grade I tumours were not seen in any of these cases. By the time of follow‐up after intervals ranging from 1 month up to 27 years, 14 patients had died; 6 of these had died post‐operatively or of intercurrent disease. The differential diagnosis between myxofibrosarcoma and other myxoid soft tissue tumours is

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb00410.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bone biopsies were performed after tetracycline double‐labelling by transfixing the right iliac crest in forty hyperthyroid patients. The bone changes in cortical and trabecular bone were determined by simple measurement and point counting on decalcified and undecalcified stained sections. A slight decrease in the amount of cancellous bone was found. The mean cortical width was normal. The amount of osteoid and the length of the osteoid seams were increased, whereas the mean width of osteoid seams was decreased. The cortical osteoclastic activity and porosity were markedly increased. The trabecular osteoclastic activity was moderately increased and the mean size of periosteocytic lacunae was slightly increased. The calcification rate in cancellous bone was increased as were the active calcification surfaces (tetracycline‐labelled). The osteoclastic activity in cortical bone was positively correlated to the free thyroxine index and to the urinary calcium and phosphorus excretion. The findings indicate that the bone changes in hyperthyroidism are specific and that thyroid hormone(s) stimulates both bone formation and resorption followed by increased porosity in cortical bone and by mobilization of bone mine

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb00411.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ochratoxin A was localized in the kidneys of pigs and rats by means of immunofluorescence microscopy after short‐time exposure. Antibody against ochratoxin A was obtained from rabbits after repeated injections of bovine serum albumin‐ochratoxin A conjugate. Ochratoxin A was localized exclusively in the proximal tubule. Light microscopically, necrosis and desquamation of epithelial cells in the pig kidneys were restricted to the proximal tubule where the toxin was found. The investigation has demonstrated conclusively that the proximal tubule is the target part of the nephron in ochratoxin A‐induced acute mycotoxic nephro

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb00412.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of three widely used glutaraldehyde‐based fixatives on cellular volume and structure have been studied utilizing TEM, SEM, time‐lapse micrography during the fixation procedure, volumetry and demonstration of the lysosomal enzyme acid phosphatase. The cells used werein vitrocultivated human glia and glioma cells and suspensions of isolated rat liver parenchymal cells. The fixatives compared were the following: 2 per cent glutaraldehyde (GA) in 0.1 M Na‐cacodylate‐HCL buffer (cac) with 0.1 M sucrose (pH 7.2); total osmolality (T) 510 mOsmol; vehicle osmolality (V) 300 mOsmol, 2 per cent GA in 0.1 M cac (pH 7.2; T = 410 mOsmol; V = 200 mOsmol) and 1.5 per cent GA in 0.067 M cac with 0.033 M sucrose (pH 7.2; T = 320 mOsmol; V = 170 mOsmol). It was found that the fixative with a vehicle osmolality of 300 mOsmol gave results which were interpreted as ideal while the two fixatives with hypotonic vehicles resulted in changes which were easily demonstrated using volumetry, time‐lapse micrography, SEM and cytochemistry. However, the differences observed in the TEM were less obvious and difficult to interpret, the major alterations being changes in the configuration of the ER in the liver cells. In conclusion, our findings show that even small variations in the composition of a glutaraldehyde fixative can result in structural changes which do not correspond to the functional morphology of a living cell. Such changes make correct interpretation of micrographs

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb00413.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Lysozyme (LZM) was demonstrated by an immunoperoxidase method in some but not all epitheloid‐cell granulomas, free macrophages and giant cells in the lymph nodes and Kveim reaction papules of patients with sarcoidosis. In inactive disease, LZM staining was weak or absent in fibrotic lymph nodes. The pattern of LZM staining in Kveim reaction papules was similar to that seen in the “active” sarcoid lymph nodes. The presence of LZM in sarcoid tissue explains the high concentration of serum LZM in patients with active sarcoidosis and the extent of LZM distribution in tissues is probably an index of disease act

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb00414.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 9 lethal cases where clinical signs gave rise to the suspicion of acute myocardial infarct (AMI) where well‐characterized e.c.g.‐changes, permanent or intermittent, were found by monitoring, a very careful autopsy of the heart was carried out, combined with a meticulous histological investigation of the conduction system. Acute changes of mild degree in the conduction system were found only in one case, possibly explaining the left bundle branch block found in this case. In the remaining cases, nothing but chronic changes were found and they did not exceed significantly the changes otherwise to be found in the agegroups concerned in a “control series” of violent deaths not preceded by symptoms of heart disease. According to an estimate there was good correlation between the conduction disturbances demonstrated and the localization of histopathological changes in seven of nine patients; in one of the latter correlation was relatively good; correlation was dubious only in one case. On this basis the authors conclude that present changes in the conduction system which are assumed mainly to be age‐related, are the factors to determine the type of conduction disturbances from which the patient will suffer if acute heart ischaemia sets in, for instance due to an AMI, in fact, changes by which he will be predisposed to such dis

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb00415.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The fine structure of human glioma cells cultivated as three‐dimensional colonies in agarose was investigated during exponential growth. The colonies did not show central degeneration, although they reached diameters of up to 600μm. Large extra‐cellular spaces extended throughout the colonies. The mean volumetric fraction of the spaces increased from about 20 per cent at the periphery up to nearly 40 per cent in the central regions. The quotient between nuclei and cytoplasm showed a slight decrease with depth. A proliferative gradient existed in the colonies, i.e. the mitotic index decreased almost exponentially with the distance from the surface. The distance at which the mitotic index changed by a factor of 2 was about 90μm, corresponding to nearly five cell diameters. Cytoplasmic extensions, with a ruffling‐like appearance, occurred both at the periphery and in the centre of the colonies but were larger and more frequent at the periphery. The fractions of mitochondria and vacuoles in the cytoplasm showed rather large local variations. However, the mean number of mitochondria decreased somewhat towards the centre and the number of vacuoles containing highly electron‐absorbing substance increased in the most centra

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb00416.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Acute selective necrosis of the granular layer of the cerebellum (NGL) was demonstrated in 264 patients out of a total of 1000 autopsies.The relatively high incidence of NGL was distributed evenly over the main groups of causes of death, and over all age groups, with the exception of children under the age af 10 years, in whom the incidence was lower.The lack of correlation between NGL and any particular disease makes is difficult to put forward a plausible explanation of the necrosis. In view of recent studies it is concluded that NGL develops after death.

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb00417.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY