摘要:

Transitional cell tumours of the bladder from a total of 228 patients were histologically classified as papillomas, papillomatous carcinomas and non‐papillomatous carcinomas. Each group was subdivided into four grades of dysplasia. Papillomas and papillomatous carcinomas occurred in younger patients at a higher rate than non‐papillomatous carcinomas. The 5‐year‐survival of patients with papillomas and carcinomas was 70 per cent and 26 per cent, respectively. Among patients with papillomas with dysplasia grades 1 and 2 the survival rate was almost identical. In the group of patients with papilloma thrombo‐embolic diseases were the most common cause of death. Carcinoma of the bladder developed in about 30 per cent of the patients in this group. Recurrence of the papilloma only rarely changed the grade of dysplasia. If the recurrence was in the form of a carcinoma, an increase in the grade of dysplasia was common. The survival was more favourable among patients with carcinomas dysplasia grade 2 than among those with dysplasia grade 3. The rate of survival was higher in the group of patients with papillomatous carcinoma than among patients with non‐papillomatous carcinomas. Among the deceased patients with primary carcinomas, 77 per cent died with carcinoma of the bladder. To a certain degree, the grade of tumour cell dysplasia seems to be an expression of the malignancy of the tumours. The duration of the disease and the appearance of tumours (papillomatous, non‐papillomatous) may have relation to the patients' “defence” system. At autopsy, the papillomatous and non‐papillomatous carcinomas were found to be similarly disseminated regardless of the differen

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirty female Sprague‐Dawley rats were fed 0.535 per cent phenacetin in the diet for up to 110 weeks. Twenty‐six of these rats developed urothelial hyperplasia, partly papillary, of the renal papillae. Twenty‐eight rats showed dilatation of the vasa recta frequently associated with thrombus formation and calcification. One phenacetin fed rat had epithelial hyperplasia associated with chronic pyelitis. In 2 of the 30 control rats urothelial hyperplasia was found to be associated with chronic pyelitis. The hyperplastic urothelial changes and vascular changes were often, but not always, present simultaneously. One control rat developed a mammary carcinoma, as compared with 5 rats in the phenacetin group. Four phenacetin fed rats developed carcinoma of the ear duct. The results of the present investigation provide evidence that phenacetin can induce proliferative lesions of the urothelium of the rat renal pelvis with weak carcinogenic activity in the ear duct and mammary g

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Castrated NMRI mice were laparotomized and a thread impregnated with beeswax‐methylcholanthrene was inserted into the uterine cervix. Beginning on the day of operation and for a further 5 days the animals were injected with oestradiol, prolactin, oestradiol‐prolactin, oestradiol‐prolactin‐progesterone, or the solvents for the hormones only. One group of animals were injected with oestradiol‐prolactin for 6 days and later with progesterone every third day until death. The animals were killed one or 4 weeks after the operation. Among the one‐week animals the number of cervices presenting epithelial downgrowths (“buds”) into the stroma was higher after treatment with a combination of oestradiol and prolactin than after treatment with each hormone separately or among the controls. Four weeks after operation, the incidence of squamous cervical carcinomas was seen to be significantly higher among animals injected with both oestradiol and prolactin than in controls or in those injected with oestradiol or prolactin alone. Progesterone had no definite effect on the oestradiol‐prolactin induced incidence. The mechanism behind the synergistic effect of prolactin and oestra

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

While hypotension elicited a marked increase in plasma renin concentration in conscious normal mice, no increase was provoked in previously nephrectomized mice in spite of the high renin content of their submaxillary glands. The role of the increased release of renal renin for the homeostasis of the blood pressure was shown by the decrease in pressure which followed blockade of the renin system. Contrary to Saralasin which did not change the blood pressure in nephrectomized mice, injections of SQ 20.881 did in some mice result in a decrease in blood pressure, which was probably caused by its ability to inhibit bradykininases. Both Saralasin and SQ 20.881 elicited marked increases in plasma renin in normal, but not in nephrectomized mice, showing that, while renal renin release is controlled by the plasma angiotensin II concentration, this does not apply to submaxillary renin release.

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00132.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The light and electron microscopical findings in the polyvinylpyrrolidone‐storage disease are reported on the basis of biopsies of skin, striated muscle, bone marrow and liver from one patient and a subcutaneous nodule from another patient. Both patients suffer from diabetes insipidus and have been treated for several years with Insipidin retard®, which contains polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the retarding agent. Deposits of PVP have been demonstrated in all the tissues examined and can easily be recognized by certain staining qualities. The combination of haematoxylin‐eosin, elastin (Weigert), alkaline Congo red and Sirius red for amyloid and PTAH is specially to be recommended. The ultrastructural findings consist of intracellular vacuoles containing a granular material and probably representing lysosomes. The final identification of the nature of the deposits has been made by spectrophotometric analysis. The suspicion of a case of PVP‐storage disease should result in a skin biopsy which usually is sufficient for the dia

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00133.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Skin tumour development was studied in groups of mice painted once with 125 μg of 3‐methylcholanthrene (MCA) either at 12:00 or at 24:00 MET. Eight animals were kept in each box. The animals were observed weekly for 20 months and all tumours were registered. There was no difference between the two groups of mice as regards tumour induction time or number of papilloma‐bearing mice. In the groups of mice treated at 24:00 the number of skin tumours to develop was 9 per cent higher than in groups of mice treated at 12:00. This difference in papilloma yields is not statistically significant. Among female mice painted at 24:00 carcinomabearing animals were significantly more numerous (50 per cent) than among those painted at 12:00, whereas there was no difference between the groups of male mice. Considering the groups collectively (males + females), the intergroup difference (17 per cent) in advantage of painting at 24:00 was barely significant (0.5

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00134.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The activities of β‐glucuronidase, arylsulphatase A and acid DNAase were measured in homogenates from Kupffer cells and hepatocytes prepared from germ‐free, monocontaminated and conventional rats. The cells were prepared from a liver cell suspension obtained by treating the perfused liver with collagenase. Kupffer cells from germ‐free rats were found to have lower lysosomal enzyme activities than cells obtained from conventional rats. Monocontaminated animals (E. coliorStreptococcus pyogenes) showed intermediate activities. Our data indicate that the level of lysosomal enzymes in macrophages is a function of the endocytic activity of these

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00135.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A quantitative morphological study, at light microscopical level, of hearts from young diabetics and nondiabetics was performed. The groups were comparable with respect to sex‐ratio, age, heart weight and blood pressure. Findings in the hearts were as follows: In arterioles in which the luminal diameter ranged between 15–50 μ, a strongly PAS‐positive stained vessel wall occurred at a higher frequency among diabetics than among non‐diabetics (75 per cent respectively 33 per cent). The PAS‐positive structures, however, occupied the same area of the vessel wall in the two groups. In arterioles from diabetics, the number of cells in tunica media was increased as compared with that in non‐diabetics (2p<0.01). The amount of perivascular connective tissue was also increased in the diabetics (2p<0.01). There was no indication of an endothelial cell proliferation in the PAS‐positive stained vessels from diabetics and non‐diabetics.—The wall of the capillaries was not thickened and it was not more PAS‐positive in the hearts from diabetics than in those from non‐diabetics. Moreover, the number of capillaries per square millimeter of heart muscle was the same in the two groups of hearts. In the present light microscopical study, the diabetic micro‐angiopathy of the heart was demonstrable in the arterioles. The capillaropathy known to occur in other organs was not present in the heart muscle from patients with d

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00136.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nine pigs were fed crystalline ochratoxin A in amounts corresponding to a feed level of 1 mg per kg for 3 months. The only observable lesion developed was a kidney damage, identical to the naturally occurring porcine nephropathy. The changes of renal function was characterized by impairment of proximal tubular function, indicated by a decrease of the ratio TmPAH/CIn, of the ability to concentrate urine, and by an increased urinary excretion of glucose. The decrease of the ratio TmPAH/CInis correlated with time of exposure to ochratoxin A. The changes of renal structure were characterized by degeneration of the proximal tubules, leading to tubular atrophy accompanied by interstitial fibrosis. At the end of the experiment the kidney, liver, adipose and muscular tissue of the slaughtered pigs contained sizable amounts of ochratoxin A residues. As the pigs would have passed the meat inspection this represents a possible health problem. The changes observed in this study are identical to those observed by feeding to pigs grains naturally contaminated with ochratoxin A.

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00137.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In two normal nasal septa, fine‐dissected and stained by PAS‐alcian blue whole‐mount methods, counts of goblet cells were done in eight different localities in 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, and 100 fields measuring 0.01768 mm2. The median density and range of goblet cells by each mode of counting were compared and the mean deviation determined. Even as little as 2–5 blindly placed counts, which do not take much time, afford in a 4 mm2area a fairly reliable orientation regarding density, considerably more reliable than an estimate of the density in sections, so often reported in the literature. Determination of the goblet cell density can be included as a routine method in the histopathological diagnosis of mucosal diseases of the upper and lower respirator

ISSN:0365-4184    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00138.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY