摘要:

SummaryThe central thesis advocated by the author is that the so‐called hermeneutic method is actually the same as the hypothetico‐deductive method applied to materials that are “meaningful” (e. g., the systems of beliefs and values of human beings in action). Five different interpretations of the role of the stranger in Ibsens “Peer Gynt” are discussed and shown to be examples of how interpretation‐hypotheses can be judged by confronting them with the data (e. g., the text, the biography of the author etc.). The conclusion drawn from the analysis is this: there is no fundamental methodological difference between natural sciences a

ISSN:0012-2017    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-8361.1979.tb00759.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryWittgenstein's uses of “language‐game” oscillate between references to simplified and imaginary models of rule‐governed observable interaction, and reference to ways in which words are actually used.Reasons are offered for rejecting Wittgenstein's claim for the autonomy of language‐games: use of “mini‐languages “presupposes use of a full language; and mastery of conceptually related language‐games.“Language‐games” are not games. They might be treated as “images” in the literary critic's sense of

ISSN:0012-2017    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-8361.1979.tb00760.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAfter giving examples for different relations of analogy among different objects (systems) (chapter 3) the gist of analogy relations are interpreted as homomorphism and isomorphism (chapter 4). The main purpose of the paper is to give a number of precise definitions for different kinds of analogy (chapter 5). In chapter 7 definitions are proposed for analogy relations between theories and common features of the relations (theory) T1is anologous to T2and T1is interpretable in T2(in Tarskis sense) are discussed. Chapter 8 compares analogy and transformation and chapter 9 proves some theorems on analogy.

ISSN:0012-2017    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-8361.1979.tb00761.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThere is an enormous literature on Moore's so‐called “proof”per se, but practically nothing has been written on the distinctions upon which the proof is bases, such as “being presented in space” and “being met with in space”. These are crucial to the argument, since Moore wishes to draw the line between the external and internal world via such distinctions. The author argues that these distinctions themselves crucially depend on a point that Moore does not argue for, but assumes, namely that afterimages, negative after‐images, some sense‐data and pains are private to those that have them, and that two different people cannot sense numerically the same after‐images, pains etc. The author shows that this assumption is nonsense and that the entire proof, based upon

ISSN:0012-2017    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-8361.1979.tb00762.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY