摘要:

Transparent polyethylene mulch was tested for its efficacy in reducing insect populations, virus diseases, and increasing soil temperature and yield of cantaloup (Cucumis meloL.) in a tropical region. Transparent mulch reduced whitefly populations, aphids caught in yellow traps, and virus incidence, with respect to bare soil (control). Also, soil temperatures in the morning, midday, and afternoon were significantly increased in the transparent mulch. Cantaloup fruit yield was positively influenced by the mulched plot. The export‐ and national‐quality fruit yield was 11‐fold and two‐fold higher, respectively in the mulched plot in relation to control. Total yield in the transparent mulch was 31.2 t/ha, whereas that in bare soil was 6.9 t.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1995.9513887

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The green spear production characteristics of 26 European and United States asparagus(Asparagus officinalisL.) hybrids were compared with those of the open‐pollinated cultivar ‘Mary Washington 500W’. The higher numbers, weights, and proportions of marketable grade spears produced by the United States hybrids ‘Jersey Giant’, ‘Jersey King’, and ‘UC157’ and by the Dutch hybrids ‘Limbras 10’ and ‘Limbras 26’, increased processing and fresh export yields by 50–150% and 160–450% respectively. ‘Jersey Giant’, with earlier production and higherStemphyliumdisease resistance, was the most productive. ‘Limbras 10’ and ‘Jersey King’ yielded 22% less processing and 30% less export product than ‘Jersey Giant.’ For export, ‘UC157’ produced an equal yield of earlier, higher quality, less purple spears than ‘Limbras 10’ or ‘Jersey King’. Country of origin rather than type provided the best indication of the ability of the hybrids to increase marketable yields. European and United States double and single‐cross, mixed‐sex and all‐male hybrids offered similar scope to improve total yield and early production. The superior spear quality of the United States hybrids offered better prospects for improving marketable yield. The United States ‘New Jersey’ hybrids were the only group with improvedStemphyliumdisease resistance.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1995.9513888

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Girdling was used to manipulate carbohydrate concentrations in kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa(A. Chev) C.F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson var.deliciosa) laterals to determine the impact of carbohydrates on the rate of fruit maturation. Individual laterals were girdled and pruned to achieve either a 1:1 or 5:1 leaf:fruit ratio. Fresh weight, dry matter concentration, soluble solids, total sugar, and starch concentrations, were higher in fruit from the 5:1 than 1:1 leaf : fruit ratio treatment. There was, however, no impact of leaf :fruit ratio on the rate of decrease in flesh firmness. Fruit maturation, assessed by the time to reach 6.2% soluble solids concentration, was markedly delayed in the 1:1 treatment compared to fruit from the 5:1 leaf:fruit ratio treatment. Carbohydrate concentration in the 1:1 leaf:fruit ratio treatment appeared to be insufficient to allow normal fruit maturation to occur.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1995.9513889

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

‘Granny Smith’ apples (Malus domesticaBorkh.) tend to develop greasy skins after extended storage which makes them slippery to touch and reduces their aesthetic appeal. Washing fruit in 0.15% (w/w) Tween 20 surfactant solution reduced greasiness, loss of greenness, and firmness after 22 days at 20°C. These effects were associated with decreased skin permeance to gases, depressed internal oxygen (O2) partial pressure and respiration, and increased internal partial pressure of ethylene, in washed compared to control fruit. Washing depressed the sum of O2and carbon dioxide partial pressures, suggesting that this treatment enhanced differential permeability characteristics of the fruit skin. Pre‐treatment by wiping without using Tween 20 solution had none of these effects but stimulated weight loss. The potential for using a surface coating to delay the development of greasiness in stored apples should be re‐examined.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1995.9513890

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

‘Kiwitea’ is a new early‐mid season maturing potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) that has been developed mainly for the french fry industry. Tubers are round‐oval to oval in shape and have white flesh. Sugar levels are generally low. ‘Kiwitea’ is sufficiently early maturing to process well from the field as a second early potato, and also stores well for later processing out of storage.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1995.9513891

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Boletus edulisBull.: Fr sensu lato, a popular edible mushroom in Europe, North America, and Asia, has been recorded for the first time in New Zealand. Fruiting occurred from late January until early April, underQuercusspp.,Fagus sylvatica,andBetula pendula.Several species of fungi found associated withB. edulisare listed. The microscopic features of the mycorrhiza and fruiting bodies collected in Christchurch, New Zealand are described, highlighting the development of hymenial elements on the stipe before they develop on the cap.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1995.9513892

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1995.9513893

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1995.9513894

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor