摘要:

The flavonoid complement ofActinidia deliciosavar.deliciosa‘Hayward’ leaf material is presented. In general, quantitative rather than qualitative variation was found between the flavonoid complements of the various cultivars ofA. deliciosa. However, staminate cultivars contained an extra flavonol glycoside, quercetin 3-0-arabinoside, which was absent in the pistillate cultivars. This method of distinguishing the sexes was shown to be 80% reliable in the cultivars examined in the study. Juvenile leaf material was exammed and it was shown that age was not a factor in flavonoid production inActinidia. The fruit gave a similar flavonoid pattern to that of the leaf but the flavonoid levels were much lower.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1990.10428062

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

When old pasture is cultivated, nitrogen (N) may be released in quantities that exceed crop demand. No-till cropping is an option that may be more conservative of N. This report considers uptake and distribution of N by a wheat crop established by full cultivation or no-till methods, out of 12-year-old clover/grass pasture. N uptake was more rapid in cultivated soil and in both systems was essentially complete after 40 days. The no-till treatment did show some further N accumulation later in the season during grain fill. Mineral N values and plant uptake rates indicate that N mineralisation was rapid in both systems but only just adequate in no-till. Sampling the soil to 1.5 m depth in the winter following the crop showed both systems to have similar and substantial (about 160 kg N/ha) quantities of NO3-N moving through the profile.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1990.10428063

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

‘Moskuaka 85’, a new cultivar of flue-cured tobacco, was developed for New Zealand growing conditions. It has resistance to three important diseases affecting tobacco grown in New Zealand: tobacco mosaic virus (TMV); black root rot; and verticillium wilt. ‘Moskuaka 85’ was derived from a cross made in 1973 between a TMV resistant Taiwanese flue-cured cultivar and a New Zealand breeding line resistant to black root rot and verticillium wilL Resistance screening for the three diseases was performed from the F2to F6generations of the cross using standard pedigree breeding procedures. Twenty F7lines were evaluated for agronomic, chemical, and physical characters. Eight F8lines were entered in regional small-plot trials. After three seasons of evaluations at three sites, two F11, lines were tested in large-scale (2 ha) trials. ‘Moskuaka 85’ was released in 1985 as an F13, line.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1990.10428064

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

C-banded karyotypes were prepared for three of the more important garlic (Allium sativumL.) cultivars grown in New Zealand, ‘California Early’, ‘California Late’, and ‘Red Garlic’. The cultivars all have unique banding patterns with the largest bands at the sites of secondary constrictions. Further bands were located in terminal positions on different numbers of chromosomes in the three cultivars. A limited number of bands were seen in interstitial positions, especially on the nucleolar organiser (NOR) chromosomes. Centromeric bands were entirely absent. Flow cytometry was used to measure nuclear DNA amounts which were found to be the same in the three cultivars.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1990.10428065

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The Japanese Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiuMarc.) cultivars ‘Okitsu’, ‘Miyagawa’, ‘Miho’, and ‘Matsuyama’ were compar-ed with the standard industry cultivar ‘Silverhill’, over a 7-year period, at the Te Puke Research Orchard in the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. Fruit on all four Japanese cultivars reached commercial maturity 3–4 weeks before ‘Silverhill’. Their earliness, rounder fruit shape, and smoother rind, offer major advantages for potential export to Japan. Fruit quality (soluble solids (SS) content, SS:acid ratio (SS:A), juiciness) of ‘Okitsu’ was the highest of the Japanese group, followed closely by ‘Miyagawa’ and then ‘Miho’. ‘Matsuyama’ had the poorest fruit quality (early loss of expressible juice, early onset of puffiness, bumpy fruit rind, and high variability). ‘Okitsu’ fruit had a mean annual SS concentration rangeand SS:A range of 8.1–9.0% and 5.7:1–7.0:1 respectively, over the 4-year period 1984–87. These fruit quality values were less than those for ‘Silverhill’ and may not be high enough for the Japanese market, or as high as is desirable for thedomestic market However, it should be possible to improve fruit quality by cultural techniques and/or by growing these cultivars in districts with a warmer climate.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1990.10428066

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The effects of two organic (blood and bone, compost) and two inorganic (potassium nitrate, KNO3; ammonium sulphate, (NH4)2SO4) forms of nitrogen (N) fertilisers on the yield and some quality indices of tomatoes were studied in a pot experiment using Waimairi peaty loam soil obtained from an area currently used for vegetable production. Four rates (0,150, 300, 600 kg N/ha, based on soil bulk density) of each fertiliser form were used. Fruit yield was significantly correlated with foliage N concentration, but not with fruit N concentration. Increasing rates of all N fertilisers, except compost, produced significant increases in fruit yield. Compared with the control, at 600 kg N/ha applied, compost increased fruit yield by 40% only whereas the other N fertilisers studied increased fruit yield by 120%. Fruit quality indices measured showed variable response to treatments. Fruit colour increased significantly on application of blood and bone, (NH4)2SO4, and KNO3, whereas compost showed no effect. Fruit vitamin C concentrations decreased when all N fertilisers were applied. Increasing N rate produced significant negative linear trends with vitamin C concentration decreasing by 18–28% depending on the form applied. Fruit size was unaffected by treatments but visual quality of fruit decreased when N in any form was applied.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1990.10428067

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The proximate analysis of ‘Moorpark’ apricot kernels (Prunus armeniaca) has been determined. Moisture (4.7%), protein (20.6%), dietary fibre (2.5%), total ash (2.9%), and lipid (52.0%) values wereobtained. A potentially valuable oil was extracted and chemically analysed. The fatty acid composition, measured by gas chromatography of the methyl esters, was dominated by oleic acid (69.0%) and linoleic acid (26.0%). Cyanide was not detected in the apricot oil.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1990.10428068

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A simple, rapid, diagnostic test developed for the detection of heat damage in bread wheat was shown to be suitable for a variety of durum wheat cultivars from New Zealand and Australia. This protein solubility test (PST) quantitatively measures the loss of solubility of albumins and globulins in heat-damaged wheat. The PST clearly distinguished sound from heat-damaged durum wheat that would cause problems in baking, seed germination, and dough-mixing and extrusion for pasta manufacture. In 1988, a New Zealand milling company used the PST to check lines of artificially dried durum wheat at the time of wheat delivery. No heat-damaged samples were found by the test or subsequently as a problem during the manufacture of pasta.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1990.10428069

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper describes modifications to the procedure for identification of New Zealand bread wheat, New Zealand and Australian durum wheat, and New Zealand and overseas rye cultivars by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) of the alcohol-soluble proteins (gliadins or secalins). Twenty-three outclassed and current bread wheat cultivars, six durum wheat cultivars, and four rye cultivars were examined. Each was found to be uniquely identifiable from its protein elution pattern. Rye had one peak that was clearly distinguished from all bread and durum wheats examined. This enabled the identification of rye in a wheat/rye mix. It may be possible, using this technique, for the proportion of rye in a mixture to be quantitated.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1990.10428070

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Fumigation with methyl bromide at 32 g/m3for 2 h at 21 °C has been recommended for the control of the wheat curl mite (Aceria tulipae) in stored garlic. The effects of fumigation 68 days before planting, of cold storage at 4.5°C for 30 or 60 days before planting, and of fungicide treatment of planting cloves were investigated in healthy mite-free ‘Marlborough White’ garlic planted at Crop Research Division, DSIR, Lincoln, Canterbury on 17 May and 15 June 1983. Fumigation with or without cold storage decreased plant populations, mean bulb weights, and yields, and increased percentages of rough bulbs with side cloves. Cold storage for 60 days with or without fumigation decreased mean bulb weights and yields and increased percentages of rough bulbs with side cloves. The effect of cold storage for 60 days on percentages of rough bulbs was less severe with fijmigation than without. Cold storage for 30 days had smaller effects. There were no phytotoxic or beneficial effects of captan, benomyl, or vinclozolin treatment of planting cloves.

ISSN:0114-0671    

DOI:10.1080/01140671.1990.10428071

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor