摘要:

Approximately fifty young researchers of a wide variety of ages converged on Cosener's House in Abingdon for the “New Perspectives in Neutron and Muons Science: A Young Researchers Meeting” held from September 23–24, 1997. The object of this meeting, organized by the Neutron Scattering Group of the Institute of Physics and The Royal Society of Chemistry and co–sponsored by ISIS and EPSRC, was to provide Ph.D. students and young postdoctoral researchers with an opportunity to present their work in an informal atmosphere. The meeting was divided into three sessions entitled “Structure, Including Surfaces and Interfaces,” “Vibrations and Excitation,” and “Muons.”

ISSN:1044-8632    

DOI:10.1080/10448639808233439

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

For the fifth time, more than eighty participants from ten European countries (and even one from Africa) gathered at Zuoz i n the upper Engadine Valley, Switzerland, forthe 1997 Summer School on Neutron Scattering held from August 9–15, 1997. The traditional school was organized by the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) whose spallation neutron source SINQ went into operation a few months ago. The sponsorship by the PSI, the Swiss National Science Foundation, and the Swiss Society for Neutron Scattering is gratefully acknowledged.

ISSN:1044-8632    

DOI:10.1080/10448639808233440

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Mid–August in Washington, D.C. can be hot and humid, but the weather was bright and clear during the “Workshop on High Resolution Cold Neutron Spectroscopy” held qt the reactor on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Gaithersburg campus from August 13–15, 1997. For the approximately thirty arriving participants, mostly young scientists, the fine weather was a metaphor for the experience of the next three days. Like any good summer diversion, those days were packed with activities from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m., which included, along with the expected lectures and tour of the gleaming cold neutron guide hall, “hands–on” sessions i n which the visitors performed experiments on two of the facility's instruments. These carefully planned exercises were the keys to the success of the workshop, demonstrating both the power of neutrons as a probe of condensed matter and introducing the visiting scientists in a realistic way to the details of instrumental use and data reduction.

ISSN:1044-8632    

DOI:10.1080/10448639808233441

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Mid–August in Washington, D.C. can be hot and humid, but the weather was bright and clear during the “Workshop on High Resolution Cold Neutron Spectroscopy” held qt the reactor on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Gaithersburg campus from August 13–15, 1997. For the approximately thirty arriving participants, mostly young scientists, the fine weather was a metaphor for the experience of the next three days. Like any good summer diversion, those days were packed with activities from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m., which included, along with the expected lectures and tour of the gleaming cold neutron guide hall, “hands-on” sessions i n which the visitors performed experiments on two of the facility's instruments. These carefully planned exercises were the keys to the success of the workshop, demonstrating both the power of neutrons as a probe of condensed matter and introducing the visiting scientists in a realistic way to the details of instrumental use and data reduction.

ISSN:1044-8632    

DOI:10.1080/10448639808233442

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The UK Neutron and Muon User meeting was held from September 24–25, 1997 at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory. This meeting, organized by the EPSRC and chaired by Bill Stirling, provided a forum for users of ISIS and the ILL to air their views about all aspects of the performance of the two facilities, and to suggest andcomment on future developments.

ISSN:1044-8632    

DOI:10.1080/10448639808233443

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

IPNS and Argonne National Laboratory served as hosts for the International Workshop on Cold Moderators for Pulsed Neutron Sources held from September 28 to October 2, 1997 at Argonne. Thirty-two scientists took part, representing sixteen institutions from eightcountries, fourcontinents. and two hemispheres. This demonstrates the 2n rule of conference planning.

ISSN:1044-8632    

DOI:10.1080/10448639808233444

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The High Flux Reactor (HFR) in Petten, The Netherlands, is equipped with 12 horizontal neutron-beam facilities. Two of them (HB1 Sr HB5) are designed for the purpose of residual stress measurements by neutron diffraction. HB4 is a dedicated stress diffracto meter equipped with a pyrolytic graphite (PG) double monochromator. The second diffractometer (HB5) available at the HFR is a two–axes diffractometer employing a Cu–111 monochromator at fixed take–off angles of 33° or 76°. I t can be used for both powder studies and residual stress scanning.

ISSN:1044-8632    

DOI:10.1080/10448639808233445

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Small–angle neutron scattering (SANS) has a significant role in metallurgy, polymer science, biology, chemistry, geology, and condensed matter physics. It is of increasing interest to extend its application to other technologically–important materials, such as partially sintered ceramics and gels, plasma–sprayed deposits, and reinforced composites. These materials contain concentrated heterogeneous microstructures in the 0.1 μm − 10 pm scale regime. The SANS from such coarse microstructures is usually dominated by multiple scattering. Indeed, for partially–sintered ceramics and plasma-sprayed deposits, multiple SANS (MSANS) causes observable beam-broadening, with no unscattered transmitted beam surviving passage through the sample. However, with complementary information on the sample density and the scattering morphology, the beambroadening can be related to the mean scatterer size. The broadening itself brings this information within range of standard SANS instruments. where traditional single scatter SANS experiments face a maximum scatterer size limitation of ∼ 100 nm.

ISSN:1044-8632    

DOI:10.1080/10448639808233446

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The reflection of neutrons at planar surfaces dates back to the mid–1940s when Fermi and Zinn [1] and later Fermi and Marshall [2] determined the sign of the average coherent scattering length bcoA by reflecting a beam of thermal neutrons off a number of flat metal surfaces. Similar experiments were performed by Compton for the determination of the X–ray refractive index [3]. Later, total reflection of cold neutrons was used for guiding them through curved beam tubes to experimental stations at far distances from their source [4]. Finally, ultra–cold neutrons were bottled up via total reflection for measuring their life time [5].

ISSN:1044-8632    

DOI:10.1080/10448639808233447

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

There is growing interest in the (nano−) scale structural analysis of condensed matter to study synthetic and biological polymers, colloids, porous materials, etc. Over the past two decades, small–angle neutron scattering (SANS), based on the availability of high fluxes of cold neutrons (wavelengths 4−20 Å), has proven to be one of the most important tools for such investigations. This success is due to a fortuitous combination of several factors of cold neutrons: high bulk penetrating power, the ability to manipulate local scattering amplitudes via isotopic labeling or an appropriate choice of solvent (contrast variation), minimal radiation damage, and small absorption for most elements. SANS has complemented and extended the information available from familiar small–angle X–ray scattering (SAXS) technique, and in parallel, there have been significant developments in SANS instrumentation (e.g. area detectors, tunable monochromators) and also in theory (e.g. mathematical modeling).

ISSN:1044-8632    

DOI:10.1080/10448639808233448

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor