ISSN:1035-7319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1991.tb00313.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1035-7319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1991.tb00314.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1035-7319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1991.tb00315.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1035-7319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1991.tb00316.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Unit list mortality data for the period 1980–1985 are used to examine differential mortality from stomach cancer in New South Wales, with reference to age, marital status, occupational status and birthplace, and geographical variations in mortality in metropolitan Sydney. Ecological correlation and analysis of characteristics of persons dying in areas of high mortality in Sydney are undertaken to determine where populations at risk reside and whether different populations at risk inhabit particular areas, resulting in significantly higher mortality. This was found to be the case in certain areas and it appears that the immigrant population contributed considerably to mortality variation. The implications for health service provision and preventive measures are discusse

ISSN:1035-7319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1991.tb00317.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:To determine the feasibility of serological testing for measles immunity in children attending general practitioners and to assess the validity of establishing immune status by reported immunisation history compared with serology, a cross‐sectional descriptive study was conducted in general practices in the Illawarra area south of Sydney, New South Wales. Participants were 234 children under 15 years attending general practitioners. 87 per cent of children were reported to have been immunised against measles, but 46 per cent of these children were seronegative for measles antibody using an ELISA test on finger‐prick blood. This could not be explained by inaccurate reporting of immunisation. No causes other than failure to seroconvert or inadequate specificity of the test on the blood samples were evident. Failure to seroconvert as a result of inadequate adherence to cold chain requirements is a possibility that needs further investigation. The results further question whether a single vaccination is adequate to achieve the public health aims of measles immunisation progr

ISSN:1035-7319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1991.tb00318.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:A randomised telephone survey of Sydney residents aged 16–50 was conducted in 1988 (n= 651) and repeated in 1989 (n= 701) to assess changes in AIDS‐related knowledge and attitudes and opinions about AIDS policies. The mean number of correct answers to 21 questions about AIDS was 18.6 (1988) and 18.1 (1989). Almost all respondents gave correct answers to fundamental questions about AIDS transmission and prevention. No statistically significant changes in AIDS knowledge were found between the two survey periods. There was widespread anxiety about AIDS: just over half the population was personally afraid of getting AIDS, 80 per cent had considered being tested for human immunodeficiency virus and over half supported ‘compulsory testing’ for all the population. Mass media messages about AIDS were almost universally recalled, with theGrim Reaperand news stories centring on particular individuals ranking highest. AIDS policy makers in public education should consider the wisdom of continuing to target messages to low‐risk populations. These messages have raised fundamental knowledge about AIDS but may be unintentionally causing social divisiveness and widespread unnecessar

ISSN:1035-7319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1991.tb00319.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Debate continues over the effectiveness of coronary risk factor screening as a strategy for the prevention of coronary heart disease in the community. We reviewed changes in risk factors one year after a community coronary risk factor screen and found highly significant reductions in the blood cholesterol (mean reduction of 0.6 mmol/1) and body mass index (mean reduction of 1.03 kg/m2) in those participants who at the initial screening were found to have elevated (>6.5 mmol/1) blood cholesterol concentrations. Comparison of this group with a reference group not given health advice and a group of hypercholesterolaemic clinic attenders showed that the blood cholesterol reduction could not be accounted for solely by regression to the mean, and was as good as the blood cholesterol reduction achieved by regular clinic attendance. Although there were many factors that could account for these reductions, we found that participants who received risk factor measurement and counselling during the screening process and who sought medical follow‐up after the screen had a greater reduction in risk factor

ISSN:1035-7319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1991.tb00320.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:This article describes three recently established community‐based crisis services for people with acute psychiatric illness. Data were obtained from local information systems developed in the early phase of service operation. Patterns of service were found to vary among the teams in terms of the frequency of contact with the client, the period of contact with the client and the overall numbers of contacts. Such diversification of services reflects, at least in part, the differences in the service networks within which the new services were set. Such diversification of services is inevitable and creative, and the evaluation of these services must consider not only the short‐term impact of crisis services, but also the impact of the network of care services on longer term outcomes for the cli

ISSN:1035-7319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1991.tb00321.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:This paper reports data on changes in smoking behaviour after the introduction of a total workplace smoking ban in Telecom Australia. A sample of 1089 Telecom staff were surveyed in the months before the introduction of the ban and 620 were resurveyed six months after the ban had been implemented. A further sample of 1424 was drawn from the same parts of the organisation 18 months after implementation. Among the smokers in these samples, the bans produced a reduction in workday cigarette consumption of between three and four cigarettes a day and this reduction was maintained at 18 months. Over the two‐year period from six months before the ban to 18 months after it, smoking prevalence dropped about 5 per cent, which we estimate is about twice the decline found in the general community. Workplace smoking bans can produce public health and can assist individual smokers to regulate their habi

ISSN:1035-7319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1991.tb00322.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY