摘要:

The controversy surrounding the continued use of certain pesticides has resulted in a new breed of ecologists who are calling for a complete rejection of today's agrochemical systems of plant and animal protection. The data obtained suggest that in the chain of events surrounding the ecological fate of pesticides, the ultimate step in global pathways of distribution involves long‐distance transport associated with low‐altitude fall‐out.Residues in the soil have varying significance depending upon various factors. The major phenomena are volatilization, photo‐decomposition, chemical decomposition (including microbial), adsorption, leaching, dilution, mechanical removal including erosion, uptake by plants and co‐distillation.Recent evidence concerning variations in the amounts of pesticides detected in the streams draining agricultural and resort areas in Ontario and emptying into the Great Lakes is discussed. There are, as yet, too few examples of mathematical models and experimental verification to enable predictions for large marine eco‐systems. However, small scale studies suggest that some persistent and non‐biodegradable pesticides which are subject to long‐distance transport do require a restricted and supervised use. An analysis of our present knowledge of the operative factors involved in predicting short and long‐distance aerial transport of pesticides is currently being undertaken in Canada. The information, assessments and recommendations are summari

ISSN:0250-8052    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2338.1971.tb02591.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0250-8052    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2338.1971.tb02592.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDefinitions are given for the terms «environmental chemical» and «undue persistence». A suggested model for the general evaluation of environmental chemicals is a balanced combination of the evaluations of environmental radioactivity and of pesticides. The classification of environmental chemicals should be based on chemical structures only, independent of use patterns. For the evaluation of any chemical, the knowledge of its total production and of the quantitative use pattern is indispensa

ISSN:0250-8052    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2338.1971.tb02593.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0250-8052    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2338.1971.tb02594.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects are described of organochlorine insecticides on two indigenous British species of wildlife: the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinusTunstall) and the small tortoiseshell butterfly (Aglais urticae[L.]). Four conclusions are drawn about the effects of pesticides on wildlife, which are then used to consider the possible risks from organophosphorus insecticides.

ISSN:0250-8052    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2338.1971.tb02595.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0250-8052    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2338.1971.tb02596.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPlant injury due to chemical air pollutants (SO2, HF, NO2, ethylene, ozone and PAN) is a well‐known phenomenon in densely industrialized and urbanized areas. Studies on this subject form the major part of this publication. Less is known about the influence of air pollutants on the development of parasitic plant diseases and insect pests and only in exceptional cases has the effect of the presence of certain pathogens in plant leaves on symptom‐expression resulting from chemical air pollutants been investiga

ISSN:0250-8052    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2338.1971.tb02597.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0250-8052    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2338.1971.tb02598.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY