摘要:

Spitz nevi continue to pose a considerable diagnostic challenge to the histopathologist. Key features of Spitz nevus and its variants are discussed and contrasted with the telltale signs of malignancy of “Spitzoid” melanomas. The importance of the histologic features of the deep, rather than superficial, part of the lesions is emphasized.

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The classification of flat urothelial (transitional cell) lesions with atypia has historically varied in its application from institution to institution with no fewer than six major nomenclature systems proposed in the past 25 years. In 1998, the World Health Organization/ International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP) published a consensus classification that included the following categories for flat urinary bladder lesions: reactive atypia, atypia of unknown significance, dysplasia (low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia), and carcinoma in situ (high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia). This classification expands the definition traditionally used for urothelial carcinoma in situ, basing its diagnosis primarily on the severity of cytologic changes. In proposing the classification system for flat lesions of the bladder with atypia, it was hoped that consistent use of uniform diagnostic terminology would ultimately aid in a better understanding of the biology of these lesions. In this review, the authors discuss the history of the concept of flat urothelial neoplasia, the rationale and histologic criteria for the WHO/ISUP diagnostic categories, an approach to the diagnosis of flat lesions, and problems and pitfalls associated with their recognition in routine surgical pathology specimens.

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Sentinel lymph node biopsy is an important new addition to the surgical management of patients with breast carcinoma. Sentinel nodes have a higher chance of containing metastases than do nonsentinel nodes. Sentinel lymph node biopsy provides an opportunity to stage breast carcinoma patients more accurately and to modify subsequent treatment. One of the most exciting current roles of sentinel lymph node biopsy is the ability to stage patients intraoperatively, allowing a one-step axillary lymph node dissection if the sentinel lymph node contains metastatic carcinoma. Currently, intraoperative evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes is performed using imprint cytology with or without rapid cytokeratin staining, frozen sectioning with or without rapid cytokeratin staining, scrape preparations, or some combination of these techniques. We review the relative strengths and weaknesses of these different methodologies. A great deal of controversy exists regarding the management of patients with metastatic breast carcinoma, particularly those patients with occult and micrometastatic disease. These issues are beyond the scope of this article.

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Variant forms of chronic cholestatic liver disease in adults, such as autoimmune cholangitis, primary biliary cirrhosis-autoimmune hepatitis overlap, and primary sclerosing cholangitis-autoimmune hepatitis overlap constitute approximately 20% of cases of autoimmune liver disease. Retrospective study design may obscure subtle differences in clinical features. Careful prospective studies are needed to help clarify classification of these disorders. Autoimmune cholangitis is often considered synonymous with antimitochondrial antibody-negative primary biliary cirrhosis, but may instead be a heterogenous group of disorders including some cases of isolated small duct primary sclerosing cholangitis. The variable response of variant syndromes to established therapies such as corticosteroids provides justification for continued efforts to define their clinicopathologic features.

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Thirteen cases of adenomatous ductal hyperplasia (ADH) of the major salivary glands coexisting with salivary gland tumors or chronic parotitis are reported. The proliferating ducts have the morphology and immunohistochemistry similar to intercalated duct epithelium. Adenomatous ductal hyperplasia is compared to adenomatoid acinar hyperplasia (AAH), a lesion found predominantly in intraoral salivary glands and histologically composed of hyperplastic acinar cells. The exact nature of both lesions is not clear. However, ADH may be a precursor lesion of salivary gland tumors (especially epithelial-myoepithelial carcinomas), whereas AAH may represent a reactive process of idiopathic nature.

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1072-4109    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID