ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1950.tb04420.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1950

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.Six isomeric amino‐azotoluenes have been fed to different groups of rats and mice, to test the influence of slight changes of chemical structure on carcinogenic activity.Liver damage was produced earlier in mice than rats, but the relative potency of the six isomers was similar for both species. Only two isomers–o: oando: p‐induced liver tumours in rats and mice, butp: mandm: mwere also carcinogenic, in lesser degree, in mice alone.The sequence of histological changes seen in the liver is described and pictured. In rat livers perilobular necrosis was succeeded by regeneration in the necrotic areas with microscopic hepatoma formation at some of these sites, culminating in malignant hepatoma or, occasionally, cholangioma. In mouse livers no preliminary necrosis occurred, but irregularities in cellular pattern and size of nuclei were followed by microscopic hepatoma or pronounced proliferation of bile ducts, with the final emergence of malignant hepatoma or cholangioma, or

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1950.tb04421.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1950

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.Of 60 malignant tumours occurring among 227,000 West African soldiers, from 1940 to 1945, 37 were primary liver carcinomata. *The cause of this high incidence of liver cancer is considered to be a diet deficient in sulphur‐containing amino acids, associated with infective hepatitis, malaria, alcohol, and other toxin

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1950.tb04422.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1950

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.Nine vesical tumours induced in mice by 2‐acetylaminofluorene were studied histologically and three were transplanted in series. Four tumours were invasive and two of them had disseminated in the peritoneal cavity. Histologically the tumours ranged from squamous‐ or transitional‐celled papillomata to spindle‐ or pleomorphic‐celled tumours without distinctively epithelial characters.For reasons which are discussed, the origin of all the varied tumour cells is traced to the transitional epithelium of the bladder. Different tumours represent different stages in one neoplastic process leading, as a result of irreversible qualitative changes or “progression” in the tumour cells, from localized papilloma to disseminating undifferentiated carcinoma, a sequence observed during serial transplantation of one tumour. Progression does not always reach its end‐point in a primary tumour. It continues in transplanted tumours in normal mice and independently of the inciting carcinogen. Progression is focal in occurrence. Alternative paths of progression lead to diffe

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1950.tb04423.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1950

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISGanglioneuromas of the adrenal medulla are occasionally reported in man, but to the best of the authors' knowledge the histology of these tumours has not previously been described in rodents. Ganglioneuromas of the adrenal gland developed in 2 male albino rats during treatment with aminostilbene and aromatic nitrogen mustard carcinogens respectively. As these adrenal lesions showed no evidence of calcification or extensive degeneration it is therefore considered likely that they arose after treatment with the carcinogen had commenced. The histological structure of these nerve tumours in the treated rats coincides quite closely with that previously described in human adrenal ganglioneuromas.Abnormal accumulations of Nissl substance are seen in the large mature ganglionic cells of the rat adrenal tumours, which the authors think is closely linked with their failure to function as normal neurones. When considering the incapacity of adult nerve cells to undergo mitosis, the histogenesis of these tumours is a subject of special interest. The possible development of ganglioneuromas from undifferentiated proliferating neural crest tissue of the developing sympathetic ganglia or adrenal medulla is also discussed.

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1950.tb04424.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1950

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.Fibroblasts from subcutaneous connective‐tissue and from the stroma of tumours, and also sarcoma cells of a rapidly growing transplantable tumour have been studied by phase‐contrast microscopy. This technique demonstrates very clearly the increased mitochondrial content of the cytoplasm of the malignant cells and the more hyperchromatinic character of their nuclei. The cells comprising a small fragment taken from the periphery of a rapidly growing tumour exhibit a wide range of structure which deviates considerably from the cellular organization which is regarded as the morphological expression of most active malignant growth. Both the large nucleolar content of the nuclei (oxyribose nucleotides) as well as the considerable amount of chromatin (desoxyribose nucleotides) appear to be used up in the formation of the chromosomes at the prophase. Either the oxyribose nucleotides must be converted to the desoxyribose type during chromosome formation, or else the chromosomes must contain a considerable proportion of oxyribose nucleotides. During the reconstruction phase of mitosis the cytoplasm grows and the mitochondria increase in numbers before the nuclei have returned to the “resting” condition and reconstituted their nucleoli. The sarcoma cells readily undergo cytoplasmic budding (potocytosis). The intensity of this process seems to be correlated with the fluidity of the cy

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1950.tb04425.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1950

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSIS.Ultra‐violet micrographs have been taken of living, actively growing cells from a variety of sarcomas and carcinomas, employing wave‐lengths of 2570 Å. and 2750 Å. Considerable absorption is exhibited by1the nucleoli and chromatin of the cell nuclei;2the mitochondria and smaller cytoplasmic granules (microsomes); and3the ground cytoplasm.Sarcoma cells in comparison with stromal fibroblasts are larger. Their nuclei have bigger nucleoli and more chromatin. Their cytoplasm has a greater mitochondrial and microsomal content, and absorbs more intensely. There is a close correlation between rate of growth and the amount of intracellular substances which absorb radiations of wave‐lengths of 2570 Å and 2750 Å. The fastest‐growing cells exhibit the most intense absorption. Attention is directed to the complexity of the cytoplasmic structure of living malignant cells which is revealed by the ultra‐violet micrographs. Any technique that is employed for demonstrating the intracellular localization of nucleotides which fails to retain the structural integrity of the mitochondria and microsomes is open to seri

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1950.tb04426.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1950

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISThe changes undergone by a transplantable fibroadenoma of the rat during 24 passages over a period of 15 years are described. Both the stroma and the epithelial elements have shown independent growth resulting in pure sarcomata and pure carcinomata with metastases. It is suggested that the same tumour can be benign or malignant, its behaviour being determined either by the local resistance of the host or by excess of proliferative energy.

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1950.tb04427.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1950

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1950.tb04428.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1950

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Bacteriological Technique. A Guide for Medical Laboratory Technicians.– W. W. W. McEwan, A.I.M.L.T., F.R.M.S.Practical Microscopy.–L. C. Martinand B. K. JohnsonIndustrial Toxicology.–LawrenceT. Fa

ISSN:0368-3974    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1950.tb04429.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1950

数据来源: WILEY