摘要:

Functional recovery measurement following traumatic brain injury presents a significant challenge for health professionals in a variety of treatment settings. This article examines the role of functional upper extremity assessment in this process, highlighting factors to consider in the evaluation process, the basic components of upper extremity movement required for function, motor recovery measures, and varying approaches to evaluation at different stages of recovery. Standardized assessments for the head-injured patient—including global assessments, hemlplegic evaluation scales, hand dexterity and prevocational assessments, and developmental assessments—and their applications are also discussed.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The assessment of limb motion and motor control In the spastic, brain-injured patient is complex. More diverse patterns of movement are seen in the upper extremity compared with the lower extremity— especially in movement of the thumb and fingers. The variance can be attributed to the fact that the functional use of the hand requires more precise and independent movement of adjacent structures or digits than use of the lower extremity. The diversity of upper extremity motion requires the careful combination of clinical assessment and laboratory investigation for accurate understanding of function. Treatment strategies based on such detailed investigation can lead to improved function in the spastic hand.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The development of contractures in patients who survive severe brain injuries is a common and serious problem. This article summarizes the results of studies published during the past 10 years that used serial/ inhibitive casting to treat contractures. The results of treating 21 elbows, 7 knees, and 14 ankles of 25 patients with severe brain injuries who had limitations in range of motion are also presented. The authors document the costs of using serial/inhibitive casting and report on the durability of gains achieved by these therapeutic interventions. Overall, the multimodality program of intervention produced a statistically significant increase in elbow extension, knee extension, and ankle dorsiflexion that was still evident six to nine months after discharge.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The traumatically brain-injured patient's major limitations in lower extremity strength and function are a result of damage to the neurologic control system. This discussion of the management of lower extremity strength and function includes a description of the determinants of strength and the elements of the motor control system. The authors recommend that the classic rehabilitation techniques described here be modified to suit each patient's unique requirements. Because traumatic brain injury may produce a wide range of physical impairments affecting the lower extremity—including paralysis, hypertonicity and movement disorders, weakness, and secondary complications—a multldlsciplinary approach to management is needed.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

While the presence of balance and locomotor deficits following traumatic brain injury is widely reported, few studies have examined the sensorimotor basis for these deficits. This article discusses components of postural dyscontrol underlying balance deficits and constraints on recovering balance following traumatic brain injury.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Traumatic head Injury frequently results In vestibular dysfunction. If the symptoms of vestibular dysfunction do not resolve, they often can be treated successfully with physical therapy. The specific exercises used will depend on the type of problem. Three case studies are presented here to Illustrate the management of different types of vestibular lesions.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Limited information is available on motor dysfunction and recovery after traumatic head injury in children. This article examines issues related to epidemiology, indices of severity and prediction, outcome studies, assessment approaches, and treatment efficacy of motor dysfunction In children. The factors leading to the functional and qualitative recovery of sensory and motor processes In children have been insufficiently described and studied. Guidelines for outcome studies should pay greater attention to the use of standardized measures, incorporate matched comparison groups when possible, and initiate follow-up studies that focus on mechanisms of recovery and the Impact of rehabilitation. Additionally, models of treatment and conceptual and theoretic approaches toward intervention should be evaluated.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Sequelae to head injury include disturbances in motor, perceptual, cognitive, and communicative abilities. Psychosodal and vocational functions are often impaired as well. Unfortunately, symptoms of incontinence and associated forms of bladder and bowel dysfunction frequently interact with the more obvious effects of head injury. Disordered bowel and bladder functions probably have psychologic and social consequences beyond the practical issues of hygiene, risk for bladder infection, and skin care—including reduced self-esteem, prolonged dependence, emotional frustration, and sometimes social withdrawal. For this reason, symptoms related to deficits in storage and elimination functions should be of primary Importance to health professionals working with this population. This article examines the effectiveness of biofeedback strategies to treat incontinence.

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0885-9701    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1990

数据来源: OVID