摘要:

AbstractScreening mammography continues to play a key role in the early diagnosis of non‐palpable breast cancer. Approximately 5% of patients will have lesions on their mammograms that appear neither clearly benign nor malignant. The proper management of these patients is not well defined. In this study, the mammograms of 64 women who underwent breast biopsy were reviewed. After the initial review, the mammograms were reevaluated using a personal computer driven digital conversion and enhancement system. The majority of indeterminate lesions were assigned a determinate diagnosis by enhancing the areas of abnormality through enlargement, contrast adjustment, and brightness adjustment. The radiologists were able to maintain baseline sensitivity and specificity throughout this process. In contrast, enhancement of lesions initially assigned a diagnosis of characteristically benign or malignant demonstrated no advantage over plain film mammography. These findings suggest a role for the selective use of digital mammography and enhancement techniques. © Wiley‐Liss,

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930550112

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBetween 1985 and 1991, 63 patients with disseminated germ cell tumors of the testis were treated with initial cisplatin based combination chemotherapy. Complete response was seen in 38% of patients. Adjunctive surgical resection of residual disease was carried out in 26 patients (41%), including the use of intraoperative radiation therapy in two patients with seminoma. Furthermore, two other patients with seminoma and residual mass underwentretroperitoneal irradiation. Salvage chemotherapy was administered to five patients with progressive disease, and only one of these could be salvaged with adjunctive surgery. A disease‐free state was achieved in 75% of patients at a mean follow‐up period of 30 months. © Wiley‐Lis

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930550113

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSulindac suppresses the growth of colon polyps in Gardner syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis. The mechanism of action is not known. The problems are to ascertain the significance of high prostaglandin concentrations in transformed cells, colon polyps and cancers and to explain how sulindac restores normal growth patterns. A few clinical observations and an abundance of experimental data can be integrated to produce a reasonable model based on current biochemical and physiologic concepts. A fundamental defect in the formation of colon polyps is mutation of the APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) gene that leads to inadequate suppression of proliferation. There is high PGE2content in colon polyps and cancers, presumably the result of stimulation by protein kinase C (PKC). In small quantities it stimulates cyclic AMP production but with persistent high concentrations it desensitizes and down‐regulates specific PG receptors and inactivates adenylate cyclase, cAMP synthesis, and the cAMP‐dependent mechanism for control of proliferation. The PKC pathway is thereby unopposed. It is hypothesized that restriction of PG synthesis by sulindac is accompanied by resensitization of PG receptors, and reactivation of the cAMP‐dependent pathway for control of cell growth. It is further postulated that restoration of cAMP synthesis and protein kinase A activity converts a functionally inadequate mutant APC suppressor gene to one sufficient to inhibit colon polyp formation. © Wiley‐L

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930550114

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930550115

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGrowing teratoma syndrome is the term applied to enlarging retroperitoneal or other metastatic masses containing mature teratoma during chemotherapy for nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Four cases of the growing teratoma syndrome are presented, the metastatic masses being in the retroperitoneum in all the cases. All these patients had enlarging retroperitoneal masses in the presence of normal serum biomarkers following chemotherapy for nonseminomatous tumors. Surgical excision was carried out in all four patients, with disease free survivals ranging from 6 to 24 months after surgery. © Wiley‐Liss, I

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930550116

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe experienced two cases of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid during pregnancy. The thyroid carcinomas grew rapidly in early pregnancy. We speculate that human chorionic gonadotropin plays an important role in the rapid growth of thyroid carcinoma during pregnancy. © Wiley‐Liss, I

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930550117

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMelanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare but well‐documented lesion of neuroectodermal derivation. Maturation of the neural elements has been reported only occasionally. We report a case of MNTI of the maxilla showing maturation of neural elements to ganglionic cells. © Wiley‐Liss,

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930550118

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930550101

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY