摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this review is to document patterns of failure with the existing modalities of therapy in carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract. Most attention is given to regional failure, which is separately divided into primary site and metastatic cervical adenopathy. Survival, stage of the lesion, conversion of the clinically negative neck, and salvage of treatment failure is discussed.Either with surgery, radiations or combination, the commonest regional failure still remains in the primary site.Of additional importance is the unexpectedly poor salvage rate of previous treatment failures (16%).Histologically involved lymph nodes appears to portend a poor prognosis with a high failure rate seen not only in the neck but also in the primary site with or without distant metastases. Nodal involvement indicates mostly the aggressive biological nature of the primary lesion. The most common failing by authors, whose reports had to be excluded from this review, was a preoccupation with survival statistics and a general inattention paid to documenting the specific failure site.

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930060502

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFrom the End Results Group file over 60,000 cases of histologically confirmed bowel cancers were analyzed by histologic type. Adenocarcinomas were the standard against which cancers with other diagnoses were compared. Colloid carcinomas occurred relatively frequently in blacks and in young persons, especially young men. In the left colon they had a worse prognosis than other cancers. Papillary carcinomas had a better than average prognosis while polypoid carcinomas had the best prognosis of any type of carcinoma. Adenosquamous and squamous cell carcinomas in the rectum closely resembled anal cancers; elsewhere in the bowel they behaved like aggressive adenocarcinomas. Malignant carcinoids of the appendix resembled benign carcinoids of that organ; elsewhere they were quite aggressive. Rectal carcinoids were unusually common in blacks. Grade appeared to be an independent prognostic parameter, although low grade of malignancy also implied an early stage. The differences in behavior by histology point up the importance of specificity of histologic diagnosis of cancers of the bowel. Comparisons of these observations with some other series are drawn, and the advantages and difficulties of this kind of analysis are discussed.

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930060503

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA therapeutic approach to thyroid cancer has been outlined. An effort was made to identify some areas of therapy which are controversial. Long‐term follow‐up of patients suggests that our approach is justified. It is recognized that there are still many unanswered questions and some of these may be concerned with immunological factors invol

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930060504

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEnzymatic cycling methods have been applied to the quantitative measurement of glycogen content during wound healing and utilized for an estimation of the contribution of glycogen to metabolism in association with ischemia. Tissue glycogen accumulated in regenerating epithelium during the fnst 7 days of wound healing. Increasing gradients of glycogen concentration were demonstrated from the marginal epithelium to the distal portions of the migrating epithelium. Glycogen content was increased to 13 times normal in the distal portion of migrating epithelium on day 3 post‐injury. A study of ischemia revealed that the accumulated glycogen appeared to constitute an emergency ration for repairing epithelium and contributed considerably to energy productio

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930060505

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis is a report of the post‐operative follow‐up of CEA titers in 16 patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Our results differ from those previously reported in several respects. First, we rarely observed the return of elevated pre‐operative CEA levels to normal within 14 days of curative resection. Second, we have found that CEA levels may be elevated for as long as 3 months in patients clinically free of disease before returning to normal. Third, some patients may maintain elevated CEA titers for 6 months following potentially curative resection without clinical evidence of disease. Finally, we have advanced a tentative hypothesis based on immunologic suppression of residual tumor growth to explain the discrepancy between our findings and those reported by others. These data suggest that failure to detect an early decline in CEA levels to normal may not imply a poor prog

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930060506

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractImmunization with Rauscher leukemia virus resulted in high antibody levels against the virustransformed malignant cell. As expected, antibody to malignant cells followed immunization with standard virus preparations highly contaminated with cell membranes. Surprisingly, good antibody levels to malignant cells also followed immunization with highly purified virus, electron microscopically free of cell membranes. The antibody response to malignant cells paralleled the antibody response to the virus, under a variety of conditions.Immunization of mice with formalin‐inactivated virus preparations, contaminated with cell membranes, resulted in protection of the mice against subsequent challenge with malignant cells. In addition, good immunity to malignant cells followed immunization with live, attenuated Rauscher virus, which was harvested from nonmalignant cells. This attenuated virus produced no malignancy after inoculation and presumably contains only viral antigens, and no malignant cell antigens.These studies strengthen the evidence that Rauscher virus is the “tumor specific transplantation antigen” on the surface of the Rauscher malignant cell. Rauscher virus is presumably integrated into the cell surface membranes which are, therefore, likely sites for transmission of cell enzymes and other proteins into the virus particle. This transfer of material from cell surface to virus particle may explain the Increasing number of enzymes, including “reverse transcriptases,” which have been isolated from RNA tumor viruses. Some such mechanism must be invoked because these viruses do not have sufficient nucleic acid to code for all the “virus‐associ

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930060507

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have reviewed our experience with 50 patients with malignant effusion secondary to breast cancer. Prior to any therapy for this problem the malignant cause of the effusion must be firmly established. Permanent cell block with cytologic examination of such cells proved exceedingly accurate in our hands. Once the diagnosis is known secondary to malignancy the type of effusion must be investigated since those in which there are a large number of free cells or diffuse serosal studding respond best to intracavitary therapy. Those in which the effusion is due to lymphatic or venous blockage secondary to a single large tumor mass do not respond well to intracavitary therapy. Forty‐nine of our patients had pleural effusion and were treated either by aspiration of fluid alone, aspiration of fluid combined with systemic treatment, or aspiration of fluid combined with intracavitary administration of radioactive gold, or nitrogen mustard. In the course of their therapy each patient averaged 6 thoracenteses prior to symptomatic relief, and usually remained symptom free after a course of treatment. An interval of 19 months from the time of the appearance of the effusion until death was found in the 38 patients who have succumbed to their disease ‐in the 12 who are still living 54 months have passed since initial appearance of their effusion to the present time.We believe that effusion is not a signal of the last stage of this disease and should be aggressively trea

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930060508

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNormothermic extracorporeal oxygenation and oxygen‐hemoglobin dissociation characteristics of stroma‐free hemoglobin solution (SFHS) were studied. One hour of normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, using a total SFHS prime, resulted in arterial pH 7.31 – 7.38, PaO2120 – 140 mm Hg, SaO299%, and mean arterial pressure of 85 mm Hg. One hour after perfusion, the animal died with acute pulmonary edema from severe hemodilution and hypoxemia. Hypothermic (25°C) myocardial metabolism was studied. Myocardial utilization (MU) values for oxygen, lactate, pyruvate, and glucose during SFHS perfusion were 1.46 and 1.71 m1/100 gm/min, +1.01 and +0.08 mg/100 gm/min, −0.32 and −0.04 mg/100 gm/min, and −34.4 and −9.50 mg/100 gm/min. MU values during whole blood perfusion were 2.21 and 2.13 m1/100 gm/min, −5.19 and −2.99 mg/100 gm/min, −0.65 and 0.22 mg/100 gm/min, and −13.7 and −5.32 mg/100 gm/min. These data suggest the necessity of further studies to identify any usefulness of SFHS a

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930060509

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930060501

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY