摘要:

AbstractCertain head and neck malignancies tend to invade branches of the cranial nerves and progress centripetally. The maxillary and mandibular divisions of the V (trigeminal) nerve are the most commonly invaded, but the VII (facial) nerve may harbor extensions of primary parotid malignancies and/or skin cancers originating in or near the ear. Paresis of the VII nerve signifies a serious but not entirely hopeless situation if countered with an appropriate surgical procedure.The optimal treatment of malignancies invading cranial nerves is surgical excision, which may necessitate removal of substantial portions of the cranium. Surgical pursuit of a malignancy in the facial nerve leads to a direct confrontation with the petrous pyramid of the temporal bone. Resection of the petrous pyramid is surgically feasible, but, if performed en bloc, exacts a high morbidity and mortality. An alternate technique in which the soft tissue and bones are removed disjunct is advocated. In this technique, the soft tissues are excised flush with the surface of the temporal bone. After making perforator and burr openings in the squamous temporal bone, a subtotal temporal craniectomy is completed with rongeurs. A prerequisite for success with this technique is the rotation of a large scalp flap and other local flaps to cover the exposed meninges and carotid arteries.A resume of four cases using this technique is presented. The age of the patients, the type, stage, and duration of the malignancies, and other factors which might influence the end stage results are given.

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractForty‐seven patients with soft tissue sarcomas were analyzed retrospectively. Treatment was nonrandomized between surgery alone, preoperative radiation of 5,000 rads/5 weeks, postoperative radiation of 6,000 rads/6 weeks following total gross tumor removal, and postoperative radiation (variable doses) for residual gross or unresectable tumor. Preoperative radiation was not statistically better for local control or survival compared to postoperative radiation after local excision of gross tumor. Wide excision, higher postoperative radiation dosage, and/or enlarged radiation portals perhaps would improve results. Additional adjuvant therapies, such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy, need to be investigate

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThiabendazole (TBZ), a new nonspecific immunopotentiator, was evaluated in combination with Cytoxan in the therapy of a syngeneic murine fibrosarcoma. The reduction of tumor burden by chemotherapy was critical in achieving an optimal response from immunotherapy. Eighty‐eight percent of the mice that responded to Cytoxan had sustained regression of tumor with TBZ treatment. The response to TBZ was markedly diminished, both in duration and magnitude, in the mice considered to be Cytoxan nonresponders.Timing of immunotherapy was also important. If Cytoxan and TBZ were given simultaneously, growth kinetics similar to those observed with Cytoxan alone were observed. However, if TBZ was given 4 days after Cytoxan administration, prolonged regression of tumor was seen.Alone, TBZ was most effective at a dose of 20 mg/kg. However, in combination with Cytoxan the most effective dose was 0.2 mg/kg. The implications of this finding are discusse

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDuring a period of 23 years, 57 patients who had an initial neck node biopsy elsewhere, with the diagnosis of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma established, underwent curative resection by our department after the site of head and neck primary was found. Ten patients free of disease died of other causes, leaving 47 patients who were eligible for at least 3 years of follow‐up. Nineteen patients are aliye after 3 or more years. The incidence of recurrence in the neck was 57% (27/47). The 3‐year survival in this group of Stage III was 40% (19/47) and 5‐year survival was 34% (16/47). Compared with historical data, it appears from the present study that a previous biopsy of a neck node did not adversely affect the incidence either of neck recurrence or survival when appropriate surgery is perf

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of immunosuppression with azathioprine, methylprednisolone, or both, on primary and secondary immune responses to a transplanted tumor was studied. The ability to reject a methylcholanthrene‐induced squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate in Lewis rats was determined by rechallenge with tumor cells after amputation of the primary transplant. Oral azathioprine (20 mg/ kg/day) increased the incidence of tumors in a primary challenge, but did not affect the ability of immunized rats to reject subsequent tumor isografts. Similar results were obtained with 2 mg/kg/ day intraperitoneal (IP) azathioprine, 2 mg/kg/day IP methylprednisolone, and the combination of 2 mg/kg/day IP methylprednisolone and 10 mg/kg/day IP azathioprine. It appears that immunosuppression by azathioprine affects the proliferation of sensitized cells during the immunological response to antigens of this specific tumor. Immunosuppression does not appear to alter substantially the processing of tumor‐specific antigens or the cytotoxic effectiveness of the immune system. This data is reassuring to the concern of whether transplantation in patients previously cured of cancer is s

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe crushed whole Aoyama B cells attached to oil droplets were found to be most suitable for the adjuvant effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis against tumor growth when judged by the criterion of effectiveness and a clinical application with minimal side effects. The immunogenicity of tumor cells was well stabilized and maintained with a suitable concentration of formalin; this was less than 1% and the optimum concentration was 0.05% or 0.1%. When the tumor cells treated with the optimum concentration of formalin were combined with suitable adjuvant, immunoprotection against the tumor progress was accelerated.

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents the histological appearance of the lymph nodes in cases of osteogenic sarcoma of the limb bones. The nodes were studied for the degree of sinus histiocytosis. Cases with no sinus histiocytosis showed a poor prognosis while cases with moderate to marked sinus histiocytosis showed a better rate of survival. Since the regional lymph nodes play an important part in the immunological process, preservation of regional nodes is suggested.

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn hypothesis of an aging effect of exposure to ionizing radiation in humans is proposed and given precise mathematical expression. The assumption is made that the biological changes which occur when humans are exposed to ionizing radiation from medical x ray are comparable to those occuring through the natural aging process, since both factors are known to increase the relative risk of nonlymphatic leukemia. This assumption focuses on this one aspect of aging only. The hypothesis that aging and exposure to ionizing radiation are comparable for increasing the relative risk of nonlymphatic leukemia is tested against the data from the Tri‐State Leukemia Survey. It is shown to explain the data in a statistically acceptable way, giving an estimate of 1 rad skin dose exposure to the trunk as comparable to 1 year natural aging. This research raises further questions concerning the effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, and presents a new methodology by which these questions may be researche

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResults after 5 years of follow‐up in a cooperative trial of therapies for operable bladder cancer confirmed preliminary indications of a beneficial effect of preoperative irradiation. Improved survival was experienced by the one‐third of the irradiated patients who experienced complete eradication of the tumor as indicated from the resected specimen 30–60 days after a 30‐day course of 4,500 rads. These patients fiad a 55% chance of surviving 5 years as opposed to a 32% chance for those where irradiation did not eradicate the tumor, or similarly for those not irradiated. A postoperative course of chemotherapy with 5‐fluorouracial appeared to act detrimentally when given to patients irradiated preoperatively, but may have had a slight benefit when given after surg

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFew generalizations may be made about the ameloblastoma. Its many varied characteristics may mimic those of many other lesions. The case presented, against all odds and expectations, proved to be highly infiltrative. The use of all available information for accurate diagnosis and sound treatment is stressed. Block resection was found to be the best treatment assuring no recurrence and minimal deformity.

ISSN:0022-4790    

DOI:10.1002/jso.2930090411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY